The Complete Mitochondrial Genome and Phylogenetic Analysis of (Matsumura, 1909) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).

The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) (Matsumura, 1909), an endemic moth species in Taiwan, was sequenced and analyzed. The complete circular mitogenome of is 15,303 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and an AT-rich control region. The mitogenome has an overall nucleotide composition of 41.

Mapping oral medicine (stomatology) and oral and maxillofacial pathology international organizations: a scoping review of global data and historical analysis.

Objectives: To describe the historical evolution and dissemination of the Oral Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology international societies and associations across the globe, and to provide insights into their significant contributions toward oral health promotion.

Study Design: This review was conducted in accordance with the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group guidance. The reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).

Establishment of a multicomponent quality control method and the transfer characteristics of five markers from Qidongning Formula to rat tissues by HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.

Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations have become an increasingly utilized strategy for tumour treatment. Qidongning Formula (QDN) is a kind of antitumour compound preparation used in hospitals, and it can inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells. However, due to the complexity of botanical drugs, the quality evaluation of QDN is inconsistent, affecting clinical efficacy and posing potential safety risks for clinical application.

Investigation of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) gut microbiome and entomopathogenic fungus-induced pathobiome.

The gut microflora plays an important role in insect development and physiology. The gut bacterial microbiome of the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, in both cornfield and laboratory-reared populations was investigated using a 16S metagenomic approach. The alpha- and beta-diversity of the cornfield FAW populations varied among sampling sites and were higher than those of the laboratory-reared FAW population, indicating that different diets and environments influence the gut bacterial composition.

Iristectorigenin C suppresses LPS-induced macrophages activation by regulating mPGES-1 expression and p38/JNK pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used clinically to treat inflammatory diseases clinically. However, the adverse effects of NSAIDs cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is critical for us to find alternative anti-inflammatory drugs that can reduce adverse reactions to herbal medicine, such as Iris tectorum Maxim.

The Metabolic Pathways and Products of Ten Alkaloids in Sanwujiao Pills from Eight Organs of Mice by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Background: Sanwujiao pill (SWJP) is a Chinese herbal preparation widely used in China. It is an essential medicine for treating rheumatism and blood stasis. However, its safety in clinical use has always been the focus of patients because it contains toxic herbs of Debx.

Synergistic antibacterial effects of 5-fluorouracil or thioridazine in combination with phytopolyphenols on cultured .

Background/purpose: 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a commonly used anticancer drug. However, the severe oral mucositis induced by 5FU in about 60-70% of patients was a major cause of discontinuous therapy. Since oral dysbiosis induced by 5FU was well correlated with severity of oral mucositis and (P.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota and programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Multiple clinical studies have indicated that the gut microbiota influences the effects of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy comprising PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, but the causal relationship is unclear. Because of numerous confounders, many microbes related to PD-1/PD-L1 have not been identified. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between the microbiota and PD-1/PD-L1 and identify possible biomarkers for ICB therapy.

Simultaneous determination of twenty-nine active compounds in by HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.

As an empirical medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, have shown an effect against COVID-19 in clinical and inflammatory animal models. It is formulated with eight herbs, including , , , , , , , and . This study established a high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) method by simultaneously determining 29 active compounds in the granules with significant content differences.

Whole-genome DNA methylome analysis of different developmental stages of the entomopathogenic fungus NCHU-157 by nanopore sequencing.

The entomopathogenic fungus (EPF), is an important and commonly used EPF for microbial control. However, the role of DNA methylation has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, the whole genomic DNA methylome of one promising EPF isolate, NCHU-157 (Bb-NCHU-157), was investigated by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT).

The localization of the alkaloids in rhizome by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.

Background: Understanding the spatial distribution of active compounds can effectively evaluate the quality of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional methods are economical and practical but lack chemical information on the original distribution. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), with the advantage of non-destructive detection of samples, can directly analyze the distribution of chemical compounds on the surface of various samples.

Novel regimens of phytopolyphenols with cisplatin or memantine and ZnSO for synergistic inhibition of growth and gingipains of the cultured .

Background/purpose: (P.g.) played a keystone pathogen not only in initiation and progression of periodontitis but also as a risk factor involved in systemic diseases (Alzheimer's disease, cancers, diabetes, osteoporosis etc.

Transcriptome of and Upregulated Microsporidia Genes during Its Infection of Western Honey Bee ().

is one of the fungal parasites of . It causes physical and behavioral effects in honey bees. However, only a few studies have reported on gene expression profiling during infection.

Improving the Diagnostic Performance by Adding Methylation Marker to Conventional Visual Examination in Identifying Oral Cancer.

Background: Visual oral examination (VOE) is a conventional oral cancer screening method. This study aimed to evaluate the value of methylation marker to assist VOE in identifying oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OED/OSCC) from non-cancerous lesions in a real-world situation.

Methods: 201 patients with high-risk personal habits who self-perceived oral anomaly were VOE examined, methylation ( tested, and histologically diagnosed.

The functional roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are lesions that may precede the onset of cancers in the oral cavity, and oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is one of the OPMD that is usually found in the buccal mucosa. Considerable effort has been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of OSF, and emerging evidence has suggested that microRNAs may play significant roles in the development of OSF. Several studies demonstrated that aberrant expression of miRNAs is also observed in the fibrotic BMFs (fBMFs) derived from OSF tissues.

(9S,13R)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid attenuates inflammation by inhibiting mPGES-1 and modulating macrophage polarization via NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) relieve inflammation by suppressing prostaglandin E/cyclooxygenase 2 (PGE/COX-2) with cardiovascular and gastrointestinal bleeding risk. Theoretically, suppressing PGE through inhibiting the terminal synthase microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) instead of upstream COX-2 is ideal for inflammation. Here, (9S,13R)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (AA-24) extracted from Artemisia anomala was first screened as an anti-inflammatory candidate and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), mPGES-1, and PGE without affecting COX-1/2, thromboxane A (TXA) and prostaglandin I (PGI).

Sinomenine increases the methylation level at specific GCG site in mPGES-1 promoter to facilitate its specific inhibitory effect on mPGES-1.

Prostaglandin E (PGE) in cancer and inflammatory diseases is a key mediator of disease progression. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to inhibit the expression of PGE by depressing cyclooxygenase (COX) in inflammatory treatments. However, the inhibition to COXs may cause serious side effects.

Establishment of a High Content Image Platform to Measure NF-κB Nuclear Translocation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Macrophages for Screening Anti-inflammatory Drug Candidates.

Background: High Content Image (HCI), an automatic imaging and analysis system, provides a fast drug screening method by detecting the subcellular distribution of protein in intact cells.

Objective: This study established the first standardized HCI platform for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages to screen anti-inflammatory compounds by measuring nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation.

Photothermal/NO combination therapy from plasmonic hybrid nanotherapeutics against breast cancer.

In this study, a plasmon-semiconductor nanotheranostic system comprising Au nanostars/graphene quantum dots (AuS/QD) hybrid nanoparticles loaded with BNN6 and surface modified with PEG-pyrene was developed for the photo-triggered hyperthermia effect and NO production as the dual modality treatment against orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer. The structure and morphology of the hybrid nanodevice was characterized and the NIR-II induced thermal response and NO production was determined. The hybrid nanodevice has shown enhanced plasmonic energy transfer from localized surface plasmonic resonance of Au nanostars to QD semiconductor that activates the BNN6 species loaded on QD surfaces, leading to the effective NO production and the gas therapy in addition to the photothermal response.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Villiard, 1969 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of (Villiard, 1969) is 15,280 bp in length, with the typical gene content and arrangement usually observed in Insecta. It contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one AT-rich region. The overall nucleotide composition of the mitogenome was 39.

Design of Oral Sustained-Release Pellets by Modeling and Simulation Approach to Improve Compliance for Repurposing Sobrerol.

Sobrerol, an oral mucolytic agent, in a recent study showed promise for treating multiple sclerosis. A human equivalent dose of 486 mg of sobrerol administered thrice daily (i.e.

Improved up-and-down procedure for acute toxicity measurement with reliable LD verified by typical toxic alkaloids and modified Karber method.

Background: Up-and-down procedure (UDP) was recommended to replace traditional acute toxicity methods. However, it was limited due to the long experimental period (20-42 days). To improve UDP, an improved UDP method (iUDP) was developed by shortening observation time between sequence dosages.