[Degradation characteristics of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by the anaerobic consortium XH-1].

Organic pollutant 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) is commonly found in anaerobic environments such as sediments and groundwater aquifers. To investigate the ability of the anaerobic consortium XH-1 to degrade 2,4,6-TCP, we established anaerobic incubations using 2,4,6-TCP as the substrate and inoculated the incubations with XH-1. Additional subcultures were established by amending with intermediate product 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) or phenol as the substrate.

The circular RNA TLK1 exacerbates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via targeting miR-214/RIPK1 through TNF signaling pathway.

Purpose: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) induces cardiomyocytes death and leads to loss of cardiac function. Circular RNAs (circRNA) have gain increasing interests in modulating myocardial IRI. In this study, we aim to investigate the role and exact mechanism of circTLK1 in the pathogenesis of myocardial IRI.

Effects of organic ligands on Pb absorption and speciation changes in Arabidopsis as determined by micro X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis.

Pb can pass through the food chain via plants and threaten human health, which has attracted widespread attention. Changes in Pb speciation affect its bioavailability in soils and water. However, whether organic ligands can change the uptake and mobility of Pb in plants and increase or decrease Pb bioavailability remains uncertain.

[Impact of PAHs on the expression of PRDX in earthworm (Eisenia fetida)].

A peroxiredoxin6 (PRDX6)-like gene segment has been found in up-regulated cDNA libraries of earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to benzo[a]pyrene(BaP). Analysis with basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the gene segment contains a characteristic motif which was encoded by Cys, illustrating that this gene segment belongs to PRDX. To verify the response of PRDX in E.

Composition, sources, and potential toxicology of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soils in Liaoning, People's Republic of China.

Surface soil (0-20 cm) samples (n = 143) were collected from vegetable, maize, and paddy farmland used for commercial crops in Liaoning, China. Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed in US Environmental Protection Agency were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector. The soil concentrations of the 16 PAH ranged from 50 to 3,309 ng/g with a mean of 388 ng/g.

[Assessment of toxicity effects for cadmium contamination in soils by means of multi-indexes].

The genetic and eco-toxic effects of Cd (0-10 mg x kg(-1)) were studied with Vicia faba (broad bean) as the test species using meadow brown soil in pot experiments by means of several indexes, such as Vicia faba root tip micronucleus frequency (MCN), mitosis index (MI), and chromosomal aberrations frequency (CAF), antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidases (POD), catalase (CAT) and phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and zeatin and zeatin riboside (Z&ZR). Results indicated the significant positive dose-response correlations were found between Cd2+ concentrations and the tested indexes (MI, MCN and CAF). Among of them, MCN is the most sensitive, and the MCN frequencies were 1.

[Impact of benzo [a] pyrene the expression of mitochondrion-encoded genes in the earthworm Eisenia fetida].

The earthworm Eisenia fetida's benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) exposure experiments were carried out in artificial soil according to ISO 11268-1:1993. And then the upregulated and downregulated subtractive cDNA libraries were constructed by Clontech PCR-Select cDNA Subtration Kit. From the BaP exposure upregulated subtractive cDNA library, several cDNA segments matched mitochondrion-encoded genes were found, including cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO I), subunit II (CO II), subunit Ill (CO III), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NDH1), and ATP synthase subunit 6.

[Low dose benzo(a)pyrene up-regulated the transcription of HSP70 and HSP90 in Eisenia fetida].

To search for the molecular biomarkers of sub-lethal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contamination of soil, the subtractive cDNA libraries of earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in artificial soil were constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization. After sequencing and analyzing with basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), two clones matching heat shock protein 70 k Da (HSP70) and one clone matching heat shock protein 90 k Da (HSP90) were isolated from the up-regulated library, and subsequently, the up-regulation of HSP70 and HSP90 was verified by real-time PCR in E. fetida exposed to 0.

[Effects of low dosage pyrene pollution on biochemical characters of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) in soil].

By the method of artificial soil pollution, an exposure experiment with different concentrations of pyrene (0, 60, 120, 240, 480, 960 microg x kg(-1)) was conducted to determine the cytochrome P450 and MDA contents and the glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities in earthworm gut after exposure for 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. The results indicated that within the range of test pyrene concentrations, all the biochemical indices tested differed in their sensitivity to pyrene toxicity, among which, P450 content and GST and SOD activities were most sensitive, followed by POD and CAT activities, while MDA content did not show any obvious response. Exposure duration had stronger effects than exposure dosage.

[Dose-response relationships between endogenous phytohormones of high plant and concentrations of fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene in soils].

By means of indoor pot experiment, three phytohormones, gibberellic acid (GA3), zeatin and zeatin riboside (Z&ZR), abscisic acid (ABA) of wheat ( Triticum acstivnm) were measured under the stress of fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene in meadow brown soil singlely and combinedly. The results indicated that significant dose-response relationship was observed between ABA contents and the concentrations of single fluoranthene and combined pollution of fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene, and ABA content responded more intensive to single fluoranthene than to combined treatment. When treated with 16 mg x kg(-1) single fluoranthene, ABA content increased by 198% as compared with control.

[Soil-based eco-toxicity of petroleum to terrestrial higher plant after phytoremediation].

Petroleum-contaminated soil after five-year phytoremediation was taken as tested soil initially spiked with a serial diesel concentration of 5 000, 15 000 and 30 000 mg/kg (dry weight). Residual concentrations of mineral oil by chemical analysis of gravimetry, as well as the soil-based eco-toxicity to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the terrestrial higher plant by several ecotoxicological bioassays including seed germination and root elongation test, early seedling growth test, contents of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD, and peroxidase, POD), and lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde, MDA content in wheat seedling leaves, etc.

[Establishment of method for cytochrome P450 of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) as a biomarker].

Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) was chosen as test soil fauna to establish the method for determination of cytochrome P450 content. By means of thoroughly washing with salt solution, changing centrifugal acceleration and dissolving microsomal membranes of earthworms with sodium cholate, the determination of cytochrome P450 was performed. Base on the method, dynamic relationships of dose-response for cytochrome P450 contents in earthworm and phenanthrene concentrations were conducted by contact filter paper and soil contaminated with phenanthrene.

Phytotoxicity assessment of phenanthrene, pyrene and their mixtures by a soil-based seedling emergence test.

Seedling emergence tests were conducted in a meadow brown soil using five plant species (i.e., Chinese cabbage, green onion, tomato, turnip and wheat) to determine the phytotoxicity of phenanthrene, pyrene and their mixtures.

[Evaluation of eco-toxicity of integral quality of soils].

Soil samples are collected from several sites along the wastewater irrigation channel, western Shenyang. The concentration of heavy metal(Cd)and mineral oil is analyzed. The eco-toxicity of soil is evaluated.

Potential of weed species applied to remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals.

To screen out a series of ideal plants that can effectively remedy contaminated soils by heavy metals is the main groundwork of phytoremediation engineering and the first step of its commercial application on a large scale. In this study, accumulation and endurance of 45 weed species in 16 families from an agricultural site were in situ examined by using the pot-culture field experiment, and the remediation potential of some weed species with high accumulation of heavy metals was assayed. The results showed that Solanum nigrum and Conyza canadensis can not only accumulate high concentration of Cd, but also strongly endure to single Cd and Cd-Pb-Cu-Zn combined pollution.

[Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons and dynamics of microbe growth in soils contaminated with mineral oil].

Some bacteria and fungi selected from brown soil contaminated with petroleum were taken as test microbes. Degradation of mineral oil, by different combinations of microbes and the correlation between the degradation rate and microbial growth were studied. The bacteria and fungi were inoculated to a liquid substrate spiked with 1000 milligrams diesel-oil per liter.

[Issues concerned with the bioremediation of contaminated soils].

Several issues faced in the process of bioremediation were discussed in this paper, which are included as below: The principal and condition for the introducing of foreigner microbial; Mechanisms of suitability for microorganisms in the bioremediation process and the factors that influenced the degradation of pollutants; The correlations between the concentration of pollutants and their bioremediation; The secondary pollutants in the process of degradation of organic chemicals; The technology amplification of bioremediation technique on situ or/and in situ; the leaching process of contaminants; The Eco-toxicological diagnosis and evaluation for bioremediation technology and so on in order to enhance the realization for problems existed in the process of bioremediation and make it possible for more effective application of the bioremediation technology.