Serum metabolomic profiling uncovered metabolic shifts in individuals upon moderate-altitude exposure and identified the potentiality of beta-alanine to ameliorate hyperuricemia.

Background: High-altitude exposure has been associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia (HU) and gout, though the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the serum metabolome and phenome in both discovery and validation cohorts of Han Chinese individuals who underwent long-term moderate-altitude exposure (∼12 months), as well as in an independent cohort consisting of local Han Chinese and Tibetans residing in Nyingchi (>5 years). Beta-Alanine intervention was applied in hypoxanthine and potassium oxonate-induced in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Endogenous Iron(II) Self-Enriched Fenton Nanocatalyst via FTH1 Activity Inhibition and Iron(III) Reduction for Amplified Cancer Ferroptosis Therapy.

Due to the increased expression of iron storage proteins in cancer cells, utilizing the endogenous iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction for cancer ferroptosis therapy has recently emerged as a prominent research focus. However, endogenous iron primarily exists within ferroxidase FTH1 in the Fe (III)-bound state, hindering the effective catalysis of the Fenton reaction. Herein, an endogenous iron(II) self-enriched Fenton nanocatalyst (BAI@cLANCs) is fabricated by encapsulating the FTH1 inhibitor baicalin (BAI) in cross-linked lipoic acid nanocarriers (cLANCs) to amplify endogenous ferroptosis.

Urinary exosomal microRNA-200 family: diagnostic biomarkers for Kawasaki disease and their link to inflammatory markers.

Objective: The microRNA-200 family plays a key role in inflammatory and vascular processes, making it a relevant target for Kawasaki disease, a vasculitis with coronary complications. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of urinary exosomal microRNA-200 family members in Kawasaki disease patients.

Methods: Urine samples from 15 Kawasaki disease patients and 15 healthy controls underwent total exosome isolation and high-throughput sequencing.

Fibrolipoma of the lower lip: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Fibrolipoma of the lower lip is an uncommon condition with limited documentation in the literature. This paper provides updated insights into oral and maxillofacial lipomas through a detailed case report and comprehensive literature review, discussing clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, histopathology, and therapeutic strategies.

Case Presentation: A 54-year-old female presented with a painless, enlarging mass on the inner aspect of her right lower lip, first noticed 2 years prior.

Chitosan-based food-grade Pickering emulsion loading with Rosa roxburghii extract against precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma.

Precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma (PLGC) are the most important stage in the development of gastric cancer, accompanied by significant oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Rosa roxburghii extract (RRE) has unique advantages in anti-PLGC due to its multi-component, high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the astringency and instability of RRE in the digestive tract seriously hinder its clinical application.

Size-exclusion chromatography-based extracellular vesicle size subtyping and multiplex membrane protein profiling for differentiating gastrointestinal cancer prognosis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as a type of subcellular structure, have been extensively researched for their potential for developing advanced diagnostic technologies for various diseases. However, the biomolecular and biophysical heterogeneity of EVs has restricted their application in clinical settings. In this article, we developed a size-exclusion chromatography-based technique for simultaneous EV size subtyping and protein profiling.

Moderate altitude exposure impacts host fasting blood glucose and serum metabolome by regulation of the intestinal flora.

Moderate altitude exposure has shown beneficial effects on diabetes incidence but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Our study aimed to investigate how the human gut microbiome impacted the serum metabolome and associated with glucose homeostasis in healthy Chinese individuals upon moderate-altitude exposure. Faecal microbiome composition was assessed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

Self-assembled iRGD-R7-LAHP-M nanoparticle induced sufficient singlet oxygen and enhanced tumor penetration immunological therapy.

The generation of singlet oxygen (O) using photodynamic therapy (PDT) is limited by the hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment and the depth of external light penetration because it depends on the precise cooperation between the photosensitizers, oxygen, and light. Herein, we report a self-sufficient O nanoreactor with enhanced penetration into deep tumors for cancer therapy. Linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHP) is coordinated with transition metal ions (Cu/Fe) to prepare linoleic acid hydroperoxide metal complex nanoparticles (LAHP-M NPs).

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Enzymatic Properties Reduce Cytokine Release Syndrome.

A core-shell molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticle with biological enzyme functional characteristics was developed by oxidative polymerization of template protein and polydopamine on the surface of protease-copper phosphate hybrid nanoflowers by molecular imprinting technology and enzyme immobilization technology. The obtained molecularly imprinted polymer showed specific binding characteristics with the template protein. It recognized and enriched the target molecules through the surface molecularly imprinted sites of the shell structure.

Microcystin-LR induces ferroptosis in intestine of common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Previous studies provide comprehensive evidence of the environmental hazards and intestinal toxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) exposure. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the injury of intestine exposed to MC-LR. Juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to MC-LR (0 and 10 μg/L) for 15 days.

Exenatide-loaded inside-porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres as a long-acting drug delivery system with improved release characteristics.

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide (EXT) is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes. However, this peptide has a short biological half-life and the delayed release characteristic of current formulations limit its clinical application. Herein, we prepared EXT-loaded inside-porous poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres with outside layers (EXT-PMS) using a W/O/W emulsion method with a microfluidic technique and its fabrication and formulation conditions were systematically investigated.

Long-term sustained release Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres of asenapine maleate with improved bioavailability for chronic neuropsychiatric diseases.

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are severe chronic neuropsychiatric diseases, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Asenapine maleate (ASM) has been demonstrated as a safe and effective therapeutic agent under twice-daily administration. However, lower compliance is observed when patients are treated with ASM, which significantly limits its application in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

An Aseptic One-Shot Bottom-Up Method To Produce Progesterone Nanocrystals: Controlled Size and Improved Bioavailability.

Progesterone (PG) is an essential sex hormone with a variety of important biological functions, but its insolubility leads to low bioavailability of most water-based formulations. What is more, the commercial oil-based formulations often cause severe side effects after long-term injection due to poor tissue absorption of oil. Herein, we report an aseptic bottom-up method utilizing emulsion freeze-drying technology that produces size-controllable, highly bioavailable, and water-based PG nanocrystal injection.

Propylene glycol-embodying deformable liposomes as a novel drug delivery carrier for vaginal fibrauretine delivery applications.

The purpose of this work was to develop and characterize the fibrauretine (FN) loaded propylene glycol-embodying deformable liposomes (FDL), and evaluate the pharmacokinetic behavior and safety of FDL for vaginal drug delivery applications. FDL was characterized for structure, particle size, zeta potential, deformability and encapsulation efficiency; the ability of FDL to deliver FN across vagina tissue in vitro and the distribution behavior of FN in rat by vaginal drug delivery were investigated, the safety of FDL to the vagina of rabbits and rats as well as human vaginal epithelial cells (VK2/E6E7) were also evaluated. Results revealed that: (i) the FDL have a closed spherical shape and lamellar structure with a homogeneous size of 185±19nm, and exhibited a negative charge of -53±2.

Alleviating visceral cancer pain in patients with pancreatic cancer using cryoablation and celiac plexus block.

Little is known about the effects of pancreas cryoablation (PCA) on abdominalgia in pancreatic cancer patients or its synergism with celiac plexus block (CPB). In patients without abdominalgia, to investigate the effects of PCA; in patients with abdominalgia, to investigate the pain-alleviating effects of PCA+CPB. Sixty-two patients were enrolled in this retrospective review; 12 without abdominalgia refused PCA, 15 without abdominalgia received PCA to reduce their tumor load and 35 with abdominalgia received PCA+CPB to reduce tumor load and alleviate pain.

Progressive loss of selenium-binding protein 1 expression correlates with increasing epithelial proliferation and papillary complexity in ovarian serous borderline tumor and low-grade serous carcinoma.

Ovarian serous borderline tumor, micropapillary serous borderline tumor, and low-grade serous carcinoma often show a spectrum of histologic components with increasing epithelial proliferation and papillary complexity from flat cyst wall, hierarchical structures (with primary papillae branching into secondary papillae), micropapillae, and invasive carcinoma. Although tremendous research has been carried out to elucidate the causes of these tumors, the pathogenesis remains unclear. Literature has described a relationship between insufficient selenium intake and increased risk of cancer.

New cut angle quartz crystal microbalance with low frequency-temperature coefficients in an aqueous phase.

In a traditional quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), an AT-cut (cut angle phi=35.25 degrees in yxl orientation) quartz wafer is employed because it has low frequency-temperature coefficients (dF/dT) at room temperature region. But when a QCM is in contact with a liquid phase, its frequency is also related to the properties of the liquid, which are temperature dependent.

[Cloning, expression and purification of interferon-kappa, a novel human interferon, and its antiviral activity].

Objective: To prepare human interferon-k (hIFN-kappa) and study its biological activities.

Methods: Whole length of hIFN-kappa's cDNA was cloned, and its sequence was chemically synthesized according to the optimized codons of E.coli, then was expressed in E.