An isocaloric moderately high-fat diet extends lifespan in male rats and Drosophila.

The health effect of dietary fat has been one of the most vexing issues in the field of nutrition. Few animal studies have examined the impact of high-fat diets on lifespan by controlling energy intake. In this study, we found that compared to a normal diet, an isocaloric moderately high-fat diet (IHF) significantly prolonged lifespan by decreasing the profiles of free fatty acids (FFAs) in serum and multiple tissues via downregulating FFA anabolism and upregulating catabolism pathways in rats and flies.

BMI is strongly associated with hypertension, and waist circumference is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia, in northern Chinese adults.

Background: Obesity is closely associated with chronic diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. We analyzed the optimal obesity index cut-off values for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and identified the obesity index that is more closely associated with these chronic diseases, in a population of northern Chinese.

Methods: We surveyed 8940 adults (age, 20-74 years) living in northern China for chronic diseases.

The calcium-sensing receptor promotes adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis through PPARγ pathway.

Adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis are closely related to obesity and obesity-induced metabolic disorders. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has been reported to play an antilipolytic role in human adipocyte and regulate cell differentiation in many tissues. However, the effects of CaSR on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis have not been clarified.

Histidine and arginine are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in obese women.

The aims of the present study were to examine the serum amino acid profiles in obese and non-obese women and investigate the relationships between the serum amino acids and inflammation and oxidative stress in a human case-control study. Serum amino acids, inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein and IL-6) and oxidative biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase) were measured and compared in 235 obese women and 217 non-obese controls. The relationships between serum amino acids and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers were examined using multiple linear regression.

[Effects of chromium and fish oil on the level of leptin and insulin in obese rats].

Objective: In order to study the effects of chromium and fish oil on the level of leptin and insulin in obese rats, 32 obese model rats were divided randomly into four groups: fish oil group (5 ml/kg bw), chromium group (3 mg/kg bw), fish oil + chromium group and high fat diet group.

Methods: In the end of the experiment (6 weeks) fats around kidney and spermary were weighted and blood samples were collected to determine the level leptin and insulin.

Results: The results showed that the level of leptin and insulin in experimental groups were lower than those in high fat diet group.