Interfacial Electronic Charge Trapping and Photonic Carrier Excitation Coupling in Solution-Processed Zinc-Tin Oxide Thin-Film Transistors Applied for Logic Gate Design and Quantized Neural Network.

Components needed in Artificial Intelligence with a higher information capacity are critically needed and have garnered significant attention at the forefront of information technology. This study utilizes solution-processed zinc-tin oxide (ZTO) thin-film phototransistors and modulates the values of , which allows for the regulation of electron trapping/detrapping at the ZTO/SiO interface. By coupling the excited photonic carrier and electronic trapping, logic gates such as "AND," "OR," "NAND," and "NOR" can be achieved.

A library of lineage-specific driver lines connects developing neuronal circuits to behavior in the Ventral Nerve Cord.

Understanding the developmental trajectories of neuronal lineages is crucial for elucidating how they are assembled into functional neural networks. Studies investigating the nervous system development in model animals have focused only on a few regions of the Central Nervous System due to the limited availability of genetic drivers to target these regions throughout development and adult life. This hindered our understanding of how distinct neuronal lineages come together to form neuronal circuits during development.

Light-to-Spike Encoding Using Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide Phototransistor for all-Color Image Recognition with Dynamic Range and Precision Tunability.

To enhance the efficiency of machine vision system, physical hardware capable of sensing and encoding is essential. However, sensing and encoding color information has been overlooked. Therefore, this work utilizes an indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) phototransistor to detect varying densities of red, green, and blue (RGB) light, converting them into corresponding drain current (I) states.

Correction: Adenosine A2A Receptor Up-Regulates Retinal Wave Frequency via Starburst Amacrine Cells in the Developing Rat Retina.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Biased cell adhesion organizes the Drosophila visual motion integration circuit.

Layer-specific brain computations depend on neurons synapsing with specific partners in distinct laminae. In the Drosophila lobula plate, axons of the four subtypes of T4 and T5 visual motion direction-selective neurons segregate into four layers, where they synapse with distinct subsets of postsynaptic neurons. Here, we identify a layer-specific expression of different receptor-ligand pairs of the Beat and Side families of cell adhesion molecules between T4/T5s and their postsynaptic partners.

Particle formation in response to different protein formulations and containers: Insights from machine learning analysis of particle images.

Subvisible particle count is a biotherapeutics stability indicator widely used by pharmaceutical industries. A variety of stresses that biotherapeutics are exposed to during development can impact particle morphology. By classifying particle morphological differences, stresses that have been applied to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be identified.

Automatic wild bird repellent system that is based on deep-learning-based wild bird detection and integrated with a laser rotation mechanism.

Wild bird repulsion is critical in agriculture because it helps avoid agricultural food losses and mitigates the risk of avian influenza. Wild birds transmit avian influenza in poultry farms and thus cause large economic losses. In this study, we developed an automatic wild bird repellent system that is based on deep-learning-based wild bird detection and integrated with a laser rotation mechanism.

Blinatumomab in Children with MRD-Positive B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report of 11 Cases.

Relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains an unresolved matter of concern regarding adverse outcomes. This case study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of blinatumomab, with or without door lymphocyte infusion (DLI), in treating measurable residual disease (MRD)-positive B-ALL. All patients who received blinatumomab salvage therapy were included in this study.

Hydrogen-treated CoCrMo alloy: a novel approach to enhance biocompatibility and mitigate inflammation in orthopedic implants.

In recent decades, orthopedic implants have been widely used as materials to replace human bone tissue functions. Among these, metal implants play a crucial role. Metals with better chemical stability, such as stainless steel, titanium alloys, and cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy, are commonly used for long-term applications.

Neuroprotection effects of kynurenic acid-loaded micelles for the Parkinson's disease models.

Anti-glutamatergic agents may have neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity that is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). One of these agents is kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan metabolite, which is an endogenous N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist. However, its pharmacological properties of poor water solubility and limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability rules out its systemic administration in disorders affecting the central nervous system.

Syndecan-4 is required for early-stage repair responses during zebrafish heart regeneration.

Background: The healing process after a myocardial infarction (MI) in humans involves complex events that replace damaged tissue with a fibrotic scar. The affected cardiac tissue may lose its function permanently. In contrast, zebrafish display a remarkable capacity for scar-free heart regeneration.

The Impact of Gut Microbiota Changes on Methotrexate-Induced Neurotoxicity in Developing Young Rats.

Methotrexate (MTX) is an essential part of therapy in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children, and inferior intellectual outcomes have been reported in children who are leukemia survivors. Although several studies have demonstrated that the interaction between gut microbiota changes and the brain plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced brain injury, preexisting studies on the effect of MTX on gut microbiota changes focused on gastrointestinal toxicity only. Based on our previous studies, which revealed that MTX treatment resulted in inferior neurocognitive function in developing young rats, we built a young rat model mimicking MTX treatment in a child ALL protocol, trying to investigate the interactions between the gut and brain in response to MTX treatment.

Refining risk stratification in paediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Combining IKZF1 and Day 15 MRD positivity.

This study investigates the potential utility of IKZF1 deletion as an additional high-risk marker for paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The prognostic impact of IKZF1 status, in conjunction with minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD), was evaluated within the MRD-guided TPOG-ALL-2013 protocol using 412 newly diagnosed B-ALL patients aged 1-18. IKZF1 status was determined using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.

Biased cell adhesion organizes a circuit for visual motion integration.

Layer specific computations in the brain rely on neuronal processes establishing synaptic connections with specific partners in distinct laminae. In the lobula plate neuropile, the axons of the four subtypes of T4 and T5 visual motion direction-selective neurons segregate into four layers, based on their directional preference, and form synapses with distinct subsets of postsynaptic neurons. Four bi-stratified inhibitory lobula plate intrinsic cells exhibit a consistent synaptic pattern, receiving excitatory T4/T5 inputs in one layer, and conveying inhibitory signals to an adjacent layer.

Optical Bistability in Nanosilicon with Record Low -Factor.

We demonstrated optical bistability in an amorphous silicon Mie resonator with a size of ∼100 nm and -factor as low as ∼4 by utilizing photothermal and thermo-optical effects. We not only experimentally confirmed the steep intensity transition and the hysteresis in the scattering response from silicon nanocuboids but also established a physical model to numerically explain the underlying mechanism based on temperature-dependent competition between photothermal heating and heat dissipation. The transition between the bistable states offered particularly steep superlinearity of scattering intensity, reaching an effective nonlinearity order of ∼100th power over excitation intensity, leading to the potential of advanced optical switching devices and super-resolution microscopy.

Multipole engineering by displacement resonance: a new degree of freedom of Mie resonance.

The canonical studies on Mie scattering unravel strong electric/magnetic optical responses in nanostructures, laying foundation for emerging meta-photonic applications. Conventionally, the morphology-sensitive resonances hinge on the normalized frequency, i.e.

Fumarate hydratase functions as a tumor suppressor in endometrial cancer by inactivating EGFR signaling.

Fumarase hydratase (FH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration and dehydration of fumarate to malate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The present study addressed the role of FH in endometrial cancer and clinically observed that the expression of FH was significantly lower in endometrial cancer tissues compared with normal endometrial tissues and, furthermore, that the decreased FH expression in endometrial cancer tissues was significantly associated with increased tumor size and lymph node metastasis. Further analysis in study showed that cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities were increased when the expression of FH in the endometrial cancer cells was knocked down, but, by contrast, overexpression of FH in endometrial cancer cells decreased cell proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities.

Using single-cell RNA sequencing to generate predictive cell-type-specific split-GAL4 reagents throughout development.

Cell-type-specific tools facilitate the identification and functional characterization of the distinct cell types that form the complexity of neuronal circuits. A large collection of existing genetic tools in relies on enhancer activity to label different subsets of cells and has been extremely useful in analyzing functional circuits in adults. However, these enhancer-based GAL4 lines often do not reflect the expression of nearby gene(s) as they only represent a small portion of the full gene regulatory elements.

Sustaining the Activation of EGFR Signal by Inflammatory Cytokine IL17A Prompts Cell Proliferation and EGFR-TKI Resistance in Lung Cancer.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a typical inflammation-associated cancer, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological subtype. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common driver mutations of LUAD, and they have been identified as important therapeutic targets by EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-17A, and IL-17A-producing cells were reported to be elevated in the tumor microenvironment and peripheral blood of NSCLC patients and to be correlated with tumor progression and poor prognoses.

One-Pot Double Oxidation Synthesis of N-1-Piperidonyl Amides From N-1-Piperidinyl Amides with meta-Chloroperbenzoic Acid: Rimonabant Analogue as Model Study.

A simple and efficient one-pot oxidation synthesis of N-1-piperidonyl amides was successfully developed through the double oxidation of hydrazides (involving hydrazonium formation, azodioxy-carbonyl compounds generation, and α-carbon oxidation) by using meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA). The convenient oxidation method was also extended to Rimonabant analogue. The lactam oxidized Rimonabant analogue was first successfully synthesized for demonstrating the construction and characterized by NMR spectroscopic methods and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction study (ORTEP).

Quality of care in the course of subcutaneous versus intravenous trastuzumab administration in patients with breast cancer: an integrated time-motion study with mixed-methods research.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the time required and concerns raised by various perspectives of participants regarding administering subcutaneous and intravenous trastuzumab for patients with breast cancer (BC).

Design: This observational time-motion study design with mixed-methods research (cross-sectional surveys and semistructured interviews) was conducted. The time spent on preparing or administering trastuzumab by different healthcare professionals (HCPs) was recorded.

Melatonin protects against methotrexate hepatotoxicity in young rats: Impact of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.

With the improvement in children's acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) care, the survival rate in children ALL has improved much. Methotrexate (MTX) plays an essential role in the success of children's ALL treatment. Since hepatotoxicity is commonly reported in individuals treated with intravenous or oral MTX, our study further examined the hepatic effect following intrathecal MTX treatment, which is an essential treatment for leukemia patients.