In endometrial cancer (EC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), in addition to microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden (TMB) has gradually gained attention as a genomic biomarker that can be used clinically to determine which patients may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. High TMB is characterized by a large number of mutated genes, which encode aberrant tumor neoantigens, and implies a better response to immunotherapy. Hence, a part of EC and CRC patients associated with high TMB may have higher chances to receive immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
December 2024
Introduction: Mixed-type gynecomastia is a benign male breast condition characterized by the proliferation of glandular and adipose tissues. Conventional open surgery has been the main approach for treating gynecomastia. However, this method has been associated with complications, including breast deformity, noticeable scar, nipple necrosis, and hypoesthesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, the high proportion of methicillin-resistant infections worldwide has highlighted the urgent need for novel antibiotics to combat this crisis. The recent progress in computational techniques for use in health and medicine, especially artificial intelligence (AI), has created new and potential approaches to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as repurposing existing drugs, optimizing current agents, and designing novel compounds. Halicin was previously used as a diabetic medication, acting as a c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) inhibitor, and has recently demonstrated unexpected antibacterial activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBilateral trismus associated with oral cancer was commonly occurred in those who had received surgical intervention and radiotherapy. Complete release of bilateral fibrotic tissues followed by free flaps reconstruction was the main current surgical intervention. However, reconstructions of both defects mostly needed to harvest two flaps from different donor sites were time-consuming and increasing morbidities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Metastasis of World Health Organization (WHO) grade II or grade II meningiomas are rare. The aim of this study was to investigate their incidence, associated risk factors, and treatment course.
Methods: Patients with surgically resected WHO grade II or grade III meningiomas were reviewed based on histopathology with the 2016 WHO criteria.
Background: Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) accounts for 1-3 % of patients with blunt trauma, which should be promptly diagnosed and managed due to risk of cerebral infarction and death. Antithrombotic therapy had been proven to reduce risk of stroke and mortality. However, due to concern of hematoma progression, treatment suggestion is still inconclusive for patients with concurrent traumatic intracranial hemorrhage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a prevalent neurosurgical condition that is known to recur and that leads to unfavorable clinical outcomes. Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) has emerged as an alternative treatment to prevent recurrence. This study investigated the efficacy of combined 2 therapies in a hybrid operative suite for high-risk patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist (GnRH-a) and levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) are conventional conservative treatments for adenomyosis, and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a novel ablation technique. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of HIFU combined with GnRH-a or LNG-IUS for adenomyosis patients. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases were searched up to December 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
June 2024
Lingual splints have been used to treat mandibular fractures, particularly in cases of complicated mandibular fractures, and serve as a noninvasive adjunctive procedure for reduction and fixation. Furthermore, when used in conjunction with open reduction and internal fixation, the lingual splint provides feasible external fixation against displacing forces exerted by the robust musculature of the mandible. However, the conventional method for lingual splint fabrication is performed preoperatively, and the procedure is time-consuming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular classification, particularly microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), has gained attention for immunotherapy in endometrial cancer (EC). MSI-H is associated with DNA mismatch repair defects and is a crucial treatment predictor. The NCCN guidelines recommend pembrolizumab and nivolumab for advanced or recurrent MSI-H/mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) EC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer involves breast-conserving surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. However, approximately 20 % of patients experience distant metastasis, and adjuvant radiotherapy often leads to radiation-induced skin fibrosis (RISF). In this study, we develop an on-site injectable formulation composed of selenocystamine (SeCA) and hyaluronic acid (HyA), referred to as SeCA cross-linked HyA (SCH) agent, and investigate its potential to mitigate metastasis and prevent RISF associated with breast cancer therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are recognized for their potential immunomodulatory properties. In the immune system, tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs), characterized by an immature phenotype, play a crucial role in inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs) and promoting immune tolerance. Notch1 signaling has been identified as a key regulator in the development and function of DCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor with universally poor outcomes. Recent progress in immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to increased interest in their application in glioblastoma. Nonetheless, the unique immune milieu in the brain has posed remarkable challenges to the efficacy of immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoarthritis is a degenerative condition that is highly prevalent and primarily affects the joints. The knee is the most commonly affected site, impacting the lives of over 300 million individuals worldwide. This study presents a potential solution to address the unmet need for a minimally invasive technique in the treatment of osteoarthritis: a biocompatible, injectable, and thermoresponsive hydrogel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Refractory apraxia of eyelid opening (AEO) is mostly unresponsive to botulinum toxin (BTx) and inevitably leads to functional blindness. To treat this challenging condition, an innovative surgical technique was proposed.
Methods: The extended frontalis orbicularis oculi muscle (FOOM) flap shortening consisting of frontalis suspension, partial myectomy, and myotomy in situ of eyelid protractors was applied to treat refractory AEO associated with blepharospasm.
Perforator flap has been applied as the most common flap for soft tissue defect reconstruction. Here, we presented two cases using turbocharging procedure of perforator to perforator as a salvage strategy. The first case was a 54-year-old male with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the left buccal area and mouth floor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a significant cause of mortality among gynecologic cancers, with the majority of cases being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Before targeted therapies were available, EOC treatment relied largely on debulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Vascular endothelial growth factors have been identified as inducing tumor angiogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in sexual orientation identity (SOI) and gender identity (GI) have rarely been studied in transgender and/or nonbinary youth (TNBY), but documenting such changes is important for understanding identity development and gender transition and supporting the needs of TNBY. This study examined the frequency and patterning of changes in GI and SOI across 3 months (T1-T2) and 1.5 years (T1-T4) among 183 TNBY (baseline age 14-17 years; 83.
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