Publications by authors named "Yu-Chen Sun"
Article Synopsis
- A universal stress protein (USP) family exists in a variety of species, including wheat, and is important for responding to different stress conditions such as heat and toxins.
- Researchers discovered 88 USP genes in wheat and classified them into four distinct subfamilies, showing evolutionary conservation between monocots and dicots.
- Experiments revealed that the TaUSP85 gene plays a crucial role in enhancing stress tolerance and silencing this gene led to adverse effects like wilting and increased damage in wheat plants, indicating the significance of USPs in plant stress responses.
Article Synopsis
- Obesity leads to changes in the microRNA profile of extracellular vesicles released by bone marrow macrophages, which impact the differentiation of skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) into either bone-building osteoblasts or fat-storing adipocytes, resulting in bone deterioration.
- Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles from obese mice cause significant bone loss when introduced to lean mice, while those from lean mice can improve bone health in obese mice.
- Specific microRNAs, such as miR-140 and miR-378a, play opposing roles in regulating SSPC differentiation; targeting these microRNAs through an innovative delivery method restores bone health in obese mice, highlighting the role of bone marrow macrophages in obesity-related bone issues
Background: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) can be used in rehabilitation to aid or improve function in people with paralysis. In clinical settings, it is common practice to use transcutaneous electrodes to apply the electrical stimulation, since they are non-invasive, and can be easily applied and repositioned as necessary. However, the current electrode options available for transcutaneous FES are limited and can have practical disadvantages, such as the need for a wet interface with the skin for better comfort and performance.
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- SSPC senescence, which hinders bone healing as we age, is linked to factors secreted by macrophages in bone calluses, particularly grancalcin (GCA).
- Injecting GCA into young mice triggered SSPC senescence and slowed down fracture healing, while removing the GCA gene from macrophages led to faster healing in older mice.
- The study suggests that targeting GCA could be a potential treatment for improving fracture healing in older individuals suffering from nonunion or delayed fractures.
4D printed origami-inspired accordion, Kresling and Yoshimura tubes.
J Intell Mater Syst Struct
December 2023
Article Synopsis
Article Synopsis
- Researchers have synthesized two new cobalt(II) complexes that exhibit thermal hysteresis loops in spin crossover (SCO) transitions at high temperatures (320-400 K).
- These complexes are characterized by a one-step transition at 334.5 K for one compound, while the other shows a hysteresis loop with a width of 5 K (391.6 K to 396.6 K).
- The study concludes that the hysteretic SCO behavior is influenced by structural changes in the ligand, specifically the ordered and disordered states of the -CHOH groups during temperature variations.
Article Synopsis
- Type H vessels, a subtype of bone capillaries that express high levels of CD31 and endomucin, play a significant role in connecting bone growth (osteogenesis) and blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), but their numbers decrease with age.
- The study identifies microRNA-188-3p (miR-188-3p) as a key player in this decline, with higher levels in aged skeletal endothelium that inhibit type H vessel formation by targeting integrin β3.
- Mice lacking miR-188-3p showed improved preservation of type H vessels with age, while overexpressing it led to fewer type H vessels, lower bone mass, and slower bone healing, suggesting miR-