Optimizing food waste bioconversion with sodium selenite-enhanced Lucilia sericata maggots: a sustainable approach for chicken feed production and heavy metal mitigation.

Recycling food waste by feeding it to insects can result in the continuous production of high-quality animal feed protein and organic fertilizer. However, the bioconversion efficiency and safety of using insects as feed protein for animal breeding are important factors limiting the development of this technology. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the efficiency of bioconversion of food waste using Lucilia sericata maggot (LSM).

AhR agonists screening and identification in indoor dust based on non-target chemical analysis by GC-Q-TOFMS and biological effect evaluation referring to ToxCast/Tox21 database.

Numerous studies reported the concentration of agonists of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in indoor dust by target chemical analysis or the biological effects of activating the AhR by indoor extracts, but the major AhR agonists identification in indoor dust were rarely researched. In the present study, the indoor dust samples were collected for 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) assay and both non-targeted and targeted chemical analysis for AhR agonists by gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Coupled with non-targeted analysis and toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast)/Tox21 database, 104 ToxCast chemicals were screened to be able to induce EROD response.

Applications of charcoal, activated charcoal, and biochar in aquaculture - A review.

Environmental pollution and poor feed quality pose potential threats to aquatic organisms and human health, representing challenges for the aquaculture industry. In light of the rising demand for aquatic organisms, there is an urgent need to improve aquacultural production and protect the products from contamination. Char, a carbonaceous material derived through pyrolysis of organic carbon-rich biomass, has proven advantages in soil, air, and water remediation.

Synergistic improvement of humus formation in compost residue by fenton-like and effective microorganism composite agents.

Improving the humification of compost through a synergistic approach of biotic and abiotic methods is of great significance. This study employed a composite reagent, comprising Fenton-like agents and effective microorganisms (EM) to improve humification. This composite reagent increased humic-acid production by 37.

Ecological and human health hazards of soil heavy metals after wildfire: A case study of Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, China.

Soil samples were collected in at different depths from the conflagration area in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Region, China, to investigate the distribution characteristics and ecological and human health risks of heavy metals after a wildfire. The samples collected comprise wildfire ash (WA) above the soil surface, ash soil (AS) 0-5 cm, and plain soil (PS) 5-15 cm below the soil surface. Additionally, reference soil (RS) was collected from a nearby unburned area at the same latitude as the conflagration area.

Effects of sodium selenite, yeast selenium, and nano-selenium on toxicity, growth, and selenium bioaccumulation in Lucilia sericata maggots.

In this study, we investigated the effects of different types of selenium (Se) (sodium selenite [SS], yeast selenium [YS], and nano-selenium [NS]) on the toxicity, growth, Se accumulation, and transformation of Lucilia sericata maggots (LSMs). We found that the 50% lethal concentration of LSMs exposed to SS was 2.18 and 1.

Microplastics removal mechanisms in constructed wetlands and their impacts on nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon) removal: A critical review.

Microplastics (MPs) are now prevalent in aquatic ecosystems, prompting the use of constructed wetlands (CWs) for remediation. However, the interaction between MPs and CWs, including removal efficiency, mechanisms, and impacts, remains a subject requiring significant investigation. This review investigates the removal of MPs in CWs and assesses their impact on the removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Chinese surface water: Temporal trends and geographical distribution.

PFAS, recognized as persistent organic pollutants, present risks to both the ecological environment and human health. Studying PFASs in surface water yields insights into pollution dynamics. However, existing research on PFASs surface water pollution in China often focuses on specific regions, lacking comprehensive nationwide analyses.

Hair Heavy Metals and Food Consumption in Residents of Chengdu: Factors, Food Contribution, and Health Risk Assessment.

Heavy metal pollution is one of the most pressing issues threatening food security and human health. This study assesses heavy metal (chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc, nickel, and lead) exposure via hair metal concentrations in Chengdu residents, reflecting metal intake from food consumption. From June 2020 to February 2021, a sampling survey was conducted on residents' hair (n=182) and food (n=301) in six main urban areas of Chengdu.

MgFe-LDH@biochars for removing ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus from biogas slurry: Synthesis routes, composite performance, and adsorption mechanisms.

Layered double hydroxide-biochar composites (LDH@BCs) have been developed for ammonia nitrogen (AN) and phosphorus (P) removal from wastewater. Improvement of LDH@BCs was limited due to the lack of comparative evaluation based on LDH@BCs characteristics and synthetic methods and information on the adsorption properties of LDH@BCs for N and P from natural wastewater. In this study, MgFe-LDH@BCs were synthesized by three different co-precipitation procedures.

Selenium toxicity and bioaccumulation in selenium-enriched fly (Chrysomya megacephala) maggots.

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human health, and as a potential animal feed, the Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) fly is rich in protein and fat. By using different concentrations of sodium selenite (0, 30, 50, 70 mg kg), the possibility of biological Se enrichment in C. megacephala (Fabricius) maggots (CMMs) was investigated.

Using fly larvae to convert food waste for growing Oujiang color common carps: health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

The present study used Chrysomya megacephala larvae (CML) to transform food waste into safe and high-quality fish feed to substitute fish meal as a source of protein for growing Oujiang color common carps followed by a human health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results showed the ∑PAH concentration in the CML fed with food waste ranged from 50 to 370 μg kg, and the most abundant PAH compound in the CML was BaP, contributing 59-84% of ∑PAHs. The Pearson correlation analysis results indicated no correlation between the ∑PAH concentrations and the culture substrate ratio (p > 0.

Plants boost pyrrhotite-driven nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands.

Pyrrhotite is a promising electron donor for autotrophic denitrification. Using pyrrhotite as the substrate in constructed wetlands (CWs) can enhance the nitrogen removal performance in carbon-limited wastewater treatment. However, the role of plants in pyrrhotite-integrated CW is under debate as the oxygen released from plant roots may destroy the anoxic condition for autotrophic denitrification.

Influence of exogenous selenomethionine and selenocystine on uptake and accumulation of Se in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Xinong 979).

Soil selenium (Se) is mainly inorganic including selenate and selenite but organic forms such as selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocystine (SeCys) are commonly present. Although organic Se is bioavailable or potentially bioavailable to plants, whether the effects of the organic Se on uptake and accumulation of Se in winter wheat differ in forms is still not clear. Both hydroponic experiments and a pot trial of whole plant growth stage were conducted to investigate the effects of SeMet and L-selenocystine (SeCys) on uptake and accumulation of Se in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Using food waste to cultivate safe, good-quality Sabah (giant hybrid) grouper: Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls.

Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in fish fillet counteract the health benefits of fish products. In this study, food waste was used as a protein alternative to replacing fishmeal commonly used in the commercial fish feed, aiming to cultivate Sabah grouper with acceptable levels of dioxins and dl-PCBs. The concentrations of dioxins and dl-PCBs, as well as the fish growth performance, were compared between the fish groups fed with food waste-based feed (FWBF) and commercial feed (Nanyu®, control).

Health risk assessment of mercury in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed housefly maggots.

The bioaccumulation of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) by housefly maggots (HM) during the conversion of food waste (vegetables and meat (VM) and rice waste) under various waste feed ratios were investigated. Subsequently, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were fed with the commercial feed, commercial dried HM, dried HM, and fresh HM, followed by a human health risk assessment of Hg via fish consumption. The THg concentrations of HM fed with food waste ranged from 39.

Selenium uptake and accumulation in winter wheat as affected by level of phosphate application and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

Selenium (Se) is an advantageous element to crops. However, the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), phosphate (P) and selenite in soil on Se uptake by winter wheat remain elusive. Pot trials were carried out including seven levels of P (0, 12.

Environmental health impacts of microplastics exposure on structural organization levels in the human body.

The ubiquitous prevalence of microplastics pollution has raised concerns about microplastics' potential risks and impacts on the global environment. However, the potential human health risks and impacts of microplastics remain largely unexplored. By providing an overview regarding the interaction of microplastics and human health, this review extends current knowledge on the potential impacts of microplastics pollution on humans from an environmental health perspective.

Size-dependent transformation, uptake, and transportation of SeNPs in a wheat-soil system.

Foliar application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has been used to enhance Se concentration in winter wheat, but soil application of SeNPs on Se uptake in the crop and their transformation in soil are still limited. This study investigated the effects of varying sizes (50, 100, 200 nm) and concentrations (0, 2, 5, 25, 100 mg kg) of chemical synthesized SeNPs in soil on uptake and accumulation of Se in the crop at maturity and related mechanisms. SeNPs not only posed very low toxic to plant growth, except for leaf, but also significantly enhanced grain Se concentration.

Protecting water birds of wetlands: Using toxicological tests and ecological risk assessment, based on metal/loid (s) of water, sediment and biota samples.

Water, sediment and biota (two fish and one shrimp species) samples were collected from rivers, ponds, mudflat and estuaries within the Mai Po Ramsar site in Hong Kong, China, to determine the concentrations of heavy metals/loid (HMs): cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As). The mutagenicity and toxicity of water and sediment samples were evaluated using Ames test and Microtox® bioassay, respectively. Ecological risk assessments on water birds were also conducted based on HM concentrations in biota, sediment and water samples.

Land application of sewage sludge biochar: Assessments of soil-plant-human health risks from potentially toxic metals.

Effects of sewage sludge-derived biochar and its precursor on the accumulation of metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in soil and their uptake by plants in a 1-year field experiment involving corn-radish rotation were comparatively studied. The human health risks were assessed, and the safe application period of biochar were estimated. The application of biochar, compares to sewage sludge, significantly enhanced the radish yield (p < 0.

Comparison of ashing and pyrolysis treatment on cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulator plant: Effects on bioavailability and metal speciation in solid residues and risk assessment.

Phytoremediation of metal(loid)s contaminated sites is widely used, while there is scarce of investigation on the metal-enriched biomass waste safely disposal which resulted in risks of causing secondary pollution to the soil and water bodies and even to human health. Thus, this study compared the effects of ashing and pyrolysis treatments on cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulation plant Sedum plumbizincicola. Chemical speciation, the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction were employed to characterize the bioavailability and leachability of Cd and Zn in the solid residues after pyrolysis and ashing.

Brominated flame retardants in home dust and its contribution to brominated flame retardants bioaccumulation in children hair.

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in house dust have raised significant concern around the world. However, few studies have reported the correlation between BFR concentrations in house dust and children's hair samples. In this study, BFR concentrations in house dust and children's hair were measured.