Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin after single intravenous, oral and intramuscular administration in pigeons.

This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in pigeons following oral (PO), intramuscular (IM), and intravenous (IV) administration. Thirty pigeons were randomly divided into three groups (IM, IV, and PO; n = 10 per group). Difloxacin was administered at 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) via each route.

One-Week Maternal Separation Caused Sex-Specific Changes in Behavior and Hippocampal Metabolomics of Offspring Rats.

To investigate the effects of one-week maternal separation (MS) on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in adolescent and adulthood as well as adult hippocampal metabolomics simultaneously in offspring female and male rats. In the MS group, newborn SD rats were separated from their mothers for 3 h per day from postnatal days (PND) 2 to 8. The open field test (OFT), elevated plus mazes (EPM), novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT), and forced swimming test (FST) were conducted during adolescence and adulthood.

Association between migraine and mitochondria: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Objective: Mitochondria are important organelles functioning in metabolic processes, inflammatory response and neurological disorders. Migraines are chronic and paroxysmal neurological disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of severe headache and other neurological symptoms. We explored whether mitochondria may be genetically and/or causally associated with migraine.

Exploring the promising potential of alcohol extract from the aerial part of dill in ameliorating DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) is a typical Uyghur medicine. It is traditionally used to treat sticky and stagnant dampness, hiccups and food stagnation, intestinal obstruction, and anorectal diseases.

Subtle Tuning of Catalytic Well Effect in Phthalocyanine Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective CO Electroreduction into CH.

In the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR), the strategic design of a catalytic well capable of regulating the overall confinement effects of catalytic sites holds significant promise for enhancing multiple-electron transfer and C─C coupling efficiency, particularly for the generation of C products. Here, a series of Cu-salphen-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring hydroxyl-induced catalytic well are synthesized, which demonstrate successful application in electrocatalytic CORR to yield multiple-electron transferred products. The meticulously engineered catalytic well, facilitated by multi-hydroxyl groups, manifests robust confinement effects, facilitating selective adsorption, enrichment, and activation of CO, intermediate stabilization, and reduction of energy barriers for electrocatalytic CORR.

A Novel Delivery Approach of Clinical Inner Ear Gene Therapy.

Background: To create and develop a delivery approach for clinical inner ear gene therapy, we conducted a study of trans-round window membrane (RWM) microinjection using a pipetting microneedle via transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES).

Methods: The implementation of the trans-RWM microinjection surgery involved seven cadaveric specimens, and the surgical procedures and the pipetting microneedle were developed and optimized. The TEES procedures included tympanic cavity visualization, RWM exposure, stapes footplate perforation, and trans-RWM microinjection.

Mitogenome-Based Phylogeny with Divergence Time Estimates Revealed the Presence of Cryptic Species within Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera).

Heptageniidae are known for their flat heads and bodies and are divided into three subfamilies. Despite the extensive diversity within this group and considerable efforts made to understand their evolutionary history, the internal classifications and origin time of Heptageniidae remains controversial. In this study, we newly sequenced 17 complete mitogenomes of Heptageniidae to reconstruct their phylogenetic positions within this family.

Unlocking multi-photon excited luminescence in pyrazolate trinuclear gold clusters for dynamic cell imaging.

The family of coinage-metal-based cyclic trinuclear complexes exhibits abundant photophysical properties, promising for diverse applications. However, their utility in biochemistry is often hindered by large particle size and strong hydrophobicity. Meanwhile, the investigation into multi-photon excited luminescence within this family remained undocumented, limiting their potential in bio-imaging.

Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin and Its Metabolite Ciprofloxacin in Nanyang Cattle.

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite, ciprofloxacin, in Nanyang cattle after a single intravenous (IV), and intramuscular (IM) administration of enrofloxacin at 2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW). Blood samples were collected at predetermined time points.

Mechanisms of synthetic bacterial flora YJ-1 to enhance cucumber resistance under combined phthalate-disease stresses.

Biotic and abiotic stresses have emerged as major constraints to agricultural production, causing irreversible adverse impacts on agricultural production systems and thus posing a threat to food security. In this study, a new strain of Bacillus subtilis DNYB-S1 was isolated from soil contaminated with Fusarium wilt. It was found that artificially synthetic flora (YJ-1) [Enterobacter sp.

Comparative Mitogenome of Phylogenetic Relationships and Divergence Time Analysis within Potamanthidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera).

Potamanthidae belongs to the superfamily Ephemeroidea but has no complete mt genome released in the NCBI (except for two unchecked and one partial mt genome). Since the sister clade to Potamanthidae has always been controversial, we sequenced seven mt genomes of Potamanthidae (two species from and five species from ) in order to rebuild the phylogenetic relationships of Potamanthidae in this study. The divergence time of Potamanthidae was also investigated by utilizing five fossil calibration points because of the indeterminate origin time.

Investigation of Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorder in the Aging FGF21 Knockout Mouse.

Aging is a physiological condition accomplished with persistent low-grade inflammation and metabolic disorders. FGF21 has been reported to act as a potent longevity determinant, involving inflammatory response and energy metabolism. In this study, we engineered aging FGF21 knockout mice of 36-40 weeks and observed that FGF21 deficiency manifests a spontaneous inflammatory response of lung and abnormal accumulation of lipids in liver.

First Family Case of Hemoglobinopathy Titusville in China with Falsely Low SpO2 and Unmeasurable SaO2.

Background: Normal hemoglobin is a tetrameric structure, consisting of two alpha-globin chains and two nonalpha (beta, gamma, delta) chains. Hemoglobinopathies occur when the presence of gene mutations affect the molecular structure or expression of the globin chains.

Methods: We reported the case of a 9-year-old Chinese girl who presented with abnormal low oxygen saturation values on pulse oximetry and no oximetry results were obtained during blood gas analysis (BGA).

Insights into the Mechanisms of Reuterin against Based on Membrane Damage and Untargeted Metabolomics.

Reuterin is a dynamic small-molecule complex produced through glycerol fermentation by and has potential as a food biopreservative. Despite its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the underlying mechanism of action of reuterin is still elusive. The present paper aimed to explore the antibacterial mechanism of reuterin and its effects on membrane damage and the intracellular metabolome of .

Ethyl acetate extract of alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice.

The Chinese pharmacopeia records as effective in treating prolonged diarrhea and dysentery, blood in the stool, and prolapse. Modern pharmacological research proves it has multiple pharmacological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and other properties. This study aims to clarify the role of 's ethyl acetate extract (TCEA) on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice, as well as explore the potential mechanism of action.

Effect of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2-associated alterations on lipid metabolism in macrophages in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) plays crucial roles in metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory response. Altered metabolic function in macrophages could modulate their activation and immune phenotype. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of TREM2 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to clarify the underlying mechanism of TREM2 on macrophages lipid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Parallel detection of multiple zoonotic parasites using a real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based quadruple-sample microfluidic chip.

Zoonotic parasites pose significant health risks globally. In the present study, we combined a microfluidic chip with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (on-chip LAMP) to detect five zoonotic parasites: , , , , and . This method enabled the simultaneous parallel analysis of five genetic markers from a maximum of four samples per chip.

Colchicine protects against the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by at least 1.5-fold enlargement of the infrarenal aorta, a ruptured AAA is life-threatening. Colchicine is a medicine used to treat gout and familial Mediterranean fever, and recently, it was approved to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in adult patients with established atherosclerotic disease.

Fruit Extract Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating Gut Microbiota, Inflammatory Mediators, and Cytokines.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease significantly impacting patients' lives. This study aimed to elucidate the alleviating effect of ethyl acetate extract (TBEA) from fruit on UC and to explore its mechanism. TBEA was the fraction with the best anti-inflammatory activity screened using in vitro anti-inflammatory assays, and HPLC initially characterized its composition.

Plant Exosome-like Nanovesicles and Their Role in the Innovative Delivery of RNA Therapeutics.

Exosomes are single membrane-bound spheres released from cells carrying complex cargoes, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Exosomes transfer specific cargoes from donor to acceptor cells, playing important roles in cell-to-cell communication. Current studies have reported that plant exosomes are prominent in transferring small RNA between host and pathogens in a cross-kingdom manner.

Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Trigeminal Schwannomas: Tailored Approaches Based on Lesion Traits.

Objectives: To describe four endoscopic endonasal subapproaches, namely, the trans-lamina papyracea, trans-prelacrimal recess, trans-Meckel's cave, and transclival approaches for trigeminal schwannomas (TSs).

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records and intraoperative videos of 38 patients with TSs who underwent endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) between Jan 2013 and Dec 2021.

Results: According to Jeong's classification, for TS equally in middle and posterior fossae (MP), a purely trans-Meckel's cave approach was carried out in 2 cases, and a combined transclival approach was carried out in 4 cases.