The Application of Salivary Exosomes in the Diagnosis of Oral Disease.

Oral diseases not only greatly impact patients' daily lives, but also pose a severe threat to their overall health. Due to the constant exposure of saliva to oral diseases, the former plays a vital role in their diagnosis and monitoring. Exosomes, nanosized bilayer lipid encapsulated nanovesicles, are widely present in saliva and can be released by any type of cell.

In-situ growth of MnO on three-dimensional layered BiMoO/kaolinite with enhanced oxygen adsorption sites for efficient photocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

The existing photocatalytic systems are difficult to achieve high selectivity and conversion for the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) under mild conditions. MnO exhibits notable tunability in valence state, but its photocatalytic oxidation efficiency is limited by the poor absorption in near-infrared region, insufficient oxygen adsorption, and slow charge transfer. To overcome these limitations, an innovative MnO@BiMoO/kaolinite (MnO@BMO/KL) composite photocatalyst was synthesized by the hydrothermal and co-precipitation techniques, and the as-prepared photocatalyst was used for selective photocatalytic oxidation of HMF to produce 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF).

Facile construction of a stable biomass-derived carbon-supported AlZr composite with crystalline solid solution and Brønsted-Lewis dual acidity for efficient catalytic conversion of cellulose.

Exploiting cellulose-derived levulinic acid (LA) in biorefinery has potential application prospects, and the development of efficient and stable catalysts is crucial yet challenging. In this study, a bimetallic synergy strategy was proposed to construct an efficient and durable solid acid catalyst with crystalline solid solution by a totally solid-phase method. Mechanical activation (MA)-treated precursor (metal salts, starch, and urea) was calcined to obtain a stable biomass-derived carbon (BC)-supported AlZr (MA-AZ/BC) composite, which was applied for catalytic conversion of cellulose to LA in aqueous-phase system.

Pseudo-Spectral Spatial Feature Extraction and Enhanced Fusion Image for Efficient Meter-Sized Lunar Impact Crater Automatic Detection in Digital Orthophoto Map.

Impact craters are crucial for our understanding of planetary resources, geological ages, and the history of evolution. We designed a novel pseudo-spectral spatial feature extraction and enhanced fusion (PSEF) method with the YOLO network to address the problems encountered during the detection of the numerous and densely distributed meter-sized impact craters on the lunar surface. The illumination incidence edge features, isotropic edge features, and eigen frequency features are extracted by Sobel filtering, LoG filtering, and frequency domain bandpass filtering, respectively.

Uncovering sympathetic nervous system dysfunction in disorders of consciousness via heart rate variability during head-up tilt test.

Few standardized tools are available for evaluation of disorders of consciousness (DOC). The potential of heart rate variability (HRV) during head-up tilt (HUT) test was investigated as a complementary evaluation tool. Twenty-one DOC patients and 21 healthy participants were enrolled in this study comparing clinical characteristics and HRV time- and frequency-domain outcomes and temporal changes during HUT test.

Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to the Mandible: a Unique Case Report and Literature Review.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is often diagnosed in advanced stages and a third of patients have distant metastasis at diagnosis. Metastasis may be the first evidence of clear cell RCC in many cases. RCC most often metastasises to the lung, liver, bone, brain and thyroid; however, metastatic disease to the oral cavity, especially the mandible, is rare.

The Application of Heat-Shrinkable Fibers and Internal Curing Aggregates in the Field of Crack Resistance of High-Strength Marine Structural Mass Concrete: A Review and Prospects.

High-strength large-volume marine concrete is a critical material required for the construction of large-span sea-crossing bridges. However, the widespread issue of cracking in this concrete type significantly impacts the durability and load-bearing capacity of concrete structures. Dealing with these cracks not only delays construction schedules but also increases project costs.

Autoimmune pancreatitis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases: A retrospectively bidirectional case-control study in China.

Objectives: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a rare and enigmatic immune-mediated inflammatory disease. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors of AIP-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China.

Methods: A retrospective bidirectional case-control study was performed.

Ultraviolet graphene ultranarrow absorption engineered by lattice plasmon resonance.

We numerically demonstrate an ultraviolet graphene ultranarrow absorption in a hybrid graphene-metal structure. The full-width at half maximum of the absorption band being 9 nm in ultraviolet range is achieved based on the coupling of lattice plasmon resonances of the metallic nanostructure to the optical dissipation of graphene. The position, absorbance and linewidth of the hybridized narrow resonant mode tuned by controlling geometrical parameters and materials are systematically investigated.

[Absence of BAX differentially affects astrocyte density in the mouse cortex and hippocampus].

Astrocytes are a heterogenous group of macroglia present in all regions of the brain and play critical roles in many aspects of brain development, function and disease. Previous studies suggest that the B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein (BAX)-dependent apoptosis plays essential roles in regulating neuronal number and achieving optimal excitation/inhibition ratio. The aim of the present paper was to study whether BAX regulates astrocyte distribution in a region-specific manner.

Graphene Multiple Fano Resonances Based on Asymmetric Hybrid Metamaterial.

We theoretically investigate multiple Fano resonances in an asymmetric hybrid graphene-metal metamaterial. The multiple Fano resonances emerge from the coupling of the plasmonic narrow bonding and antibonding modes supported by an in-plane graphene nanoribbon dimer with the broad magnetic resonance mode supported by a gold split-ring resonator. It is found that the Fano resonant mode with its corresponding dark mode of the antibonding mode in the in-plane graphene nanoribbon dimer is only achieved by structural symmetry breaking.

Gastrodin Regulates the Notch Signaling Pathway and Sirt3 in Activated Microglia in Cerebral Hypoxic-Ischemia Neonatal Rats and in Activated BV-2 Microglia.

In response to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), microglia activation and its mediated inflammation contribute to neuronal damage. Inhibition of over-activated microglia is deemed to be a potential therapeutic strategy. Our previous studies showed that gastrodin efficiently depressed the neuroinflammation mediated by activated microglia in HIBD neonatal rats.

Functional coix seed protein hydrolysates as a novel agent with potential hepatoprotective effect.

The aim of this study is to explore the hepatoprotective potential of coix seed protein hydrolysates (CPP) against alcohol-induced liver injury, and investigate the underlying mechanisms. The hepatoprotective activity of CPP at 0, 10, 30, 50 mg per kg BW was demonstrated in vivo by using ICR male mice fed with 40% v/v alcohol (5 ml per kg body weight) daily to induce alcoholic liver injury. CPP could significantly improve the alcohol metabolism in liver as evidenced by the enhanced activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

Excretion characteristics and tissue accumulation of tetrabromobisphenol-A in male rats after sub-chronic inhalation exposure.

Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) is an emerging organic pollutant and a commonly used brominated flame retardant that has received much attention owing to its toxicity. Although TBBPA is ubiquitously detected in atmospheric particulate matter and dust, few studies have investigated the sub-chronic inhalation exposure to TBBPA. To further understand the excretion characteristics and tissue accumulation of TBBPA after inhalation exposure, we used the rat model to conduct a sub-chronic inhalation exposure study.

PLEKHO1 knockdown inhibits RCC cell viability in vitro and in vivo, potentially by the Hippo and MAPK/JNK pathways.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. By analysing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, 16 genes were identified to be consistently highly expressed in RCC tissues compared with the matched para‑tumour tissues. Using a high‑throughput cell viability screening method, it was found that downregulation of only two genes significantly inhibited the viability of 786‑O cells.

PAGE4 promotes prostate cancer cells survive under oxidative stress through modulating MAPK/JNK/ERK pathway.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in male worldwide. Oxidative stress has been recognized as one of the driving signals pathologically linked to PCa progression. Nevertheless, the association of oxidative stress with PCa progression remains unclear.

ERCC6L that is up-regulated in high grade of renal cell carcinoma enhances cell viability in vitro and promotes tumor growth in vivo potentially through modulating MAPK signalling pathway.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is one of the most diagnosed urological malignancies worldwide, is usually associated with abnormality in both genetic and cellular processes. In the present study, through analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we screened out ERCC6L as a candidate gene that is potentially related to the development of RCC based on its increased expression in ccRCC tissues compared with normal kidney tissues as well as its possible relevance to cancer prognosis. Evidence indicates that ERCC6L is an indispensable component of mammalian cell mitosis, while it fails to disclose the role of ERCC6L in tumorigenesis.

Impact of RNA‑binding motif 3 expression on the whole transcriptome of prostate cancer cells: An RNA sequencing study.

RNA‑binding motif 3 (RBM3) is a cold‑shock protein that has been previously shown to attenuate cancer stem cell‑like features in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. However, the mechanism underlying RBM3 regulation in PCa cells is largely unknown. The present study investigated the impact of RBM3 expression on the whole transcriptome of PCa cells using high‑throughput RNA sequencing (RNA‑seq).

[Physical and chemical maturity indexes and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)spectroscopy of animal manures during composting.].

The composting experiments on three manures (cattle, pig and chicken manures) were carried out to study the maturity indexes by monitoring their physical and chemical properties, seed germination index (GI), and characterizing chemical structures using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results showed that temperature changed during composting, and the numbers of peak temperatures for cattle, chicken, and pig manures were 1, 2 and 2, respectively. The duration with temperature higher than 50 ℃ was longer than 10 days for all the three manures.

[Profile distribution of soil aggregates organic carbon in primary forests in Karst cluster-peak depression region].

Soil profiles were collected from three primary forests (Itoa orientalis, Platycladus orientalis, and Radermachera sinica) in Karst cluster-peak depression region to study the composition of soil aggregates, their organic carbon contents, and the profile distribution of the organic carbon. In the three forests, >2 mm soil aggregates were dominant, occupying about 76% of the total. The content of soil total organic carbon ranged from 12.

Cloning and molecular characterization of a novel rolling-circle replicating plasmid, pK1S-1, from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki K1.

Bacillus thuringiensis, an entomopathogenic bacterium belonging to the B. cereus group, harbors numerous extra-chromosomal DNA molecules whose sizes range from 2 to 250 kb. In this study, we used a plasmid capture system (PCS) to clone three small plasmids from B.

Identification and molecular characterization of novel cry1-type toxin genes from Bacillus thuringiensis K1 isolated in Korea.

To clone novel cry1-type genes from the Bacillus thuringiensis K1 isolate, about 2.4-kb-long PCR fragments were amplified with two primer sets of ATG1-F/N400-R and 1BeATG1-F/N400-R. Using PCR-RFLP, three novel cry1-type genes, cry1-1, cry1-7, and cry1-44, were obtained from B.

The characteristics of Hep-2 cell with multiple drug resistance induced by Taxol.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of Hep-2 cell with multidrug resistance (MDR) induced by Taxol.

Study Design: Hep-2 cells were exposed in stepwise escalating concentration of Taxol to develop the resistant cell line-Hep-2T. Cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and rhodamine accumulation were studied through flow cytometry.

[Displaying polyhistidine peptide on the cell surface of Bacillus thuringiensis by S-layer protein].

Cell surface layer (S-layer) is the outmost structure of bacterium cell and covers the intact cell. S-layer protein of Bacillus thuringiensis strain CTC (CTC protein) was used as carrier protein to display polyhistidine (polyHis) peptides on the cell surface. Series fusion protein genes were constructed by inserting DNA fragments encoding (6His)1, (6His)2, (6His)3, (6His)9 and (6His)15 polyHis peptides into CTC protein gene at the site of downstream of slh domain.