A self-hygroscopic, rapidly self-gelling polysaccharide-based sponge with robust wet adhesion for non-compressible hemorrhage control and infected wounds healing.

Uncontrollable non-compressible hemorrhage and traumatic infection have been major causes of mortality and disability in both civilian and military populations. A dressing designed for point-of-care control of non-compressible hemorrhage and prevention of traumatic infections represents an urgent medical need. Here, a novel self-gelling sponge OHN@ε-pL is developed, integrating N-succinimidyl ester oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHN) and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-pL).

Application of partially zwitterionic poly(ionic liquid)s in humidity sensors.

Polyelectrolytes have shown promise as sensitive material for high-performance humidity sensors in recent years. How to obtain fast recovery and high sensitivity polyelectrolyte humidity sensors is a great challenge. A kind of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) humidity sensors modified by zwitterionic polymers (partially zwitterionic PILs, named PZPILs) were prepared in this work.

Humidity-Activated Ammonia Sensor Based on Carboxylic Functionalized Cross-Linked Hydrogel.

Owing to its extensive use and intrinsic toxicity, NH detection is very crucial. Moisture can cause significant interference in the performance of sensors, and detecting NH in high humidity is still a challenge. In this work, a humidity-activated NH sensor was prepared by urocanic acid (URA) modifying poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via a thiol-ene click cross-linking reaction.

Synth-CLIP: Synthetic data make CLIP generalize better in data-limited scenarios.

Prompt learning is a powerful technique that enables the transfer of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks. However, when the prompt-based methods are fine-tuned solely on base classes, they often struggle to generalize to novel classes lacking visual samples during training, especially in scenarios with limited training data. To address this challenge, we propose an innovative approach called Synth-CLIP that leverages synthetic data to enhance CLIP's generalization capability for base classes and the general capability for novel classes.

NIR-Light Activable 3D Printed Platform Nanoarchitectured with Electrospun Plasmonic Filaments for On Demand Treatment of Infected Wounds.

Bacterial infections can lead to severe complications that adversely affect wound healing. Thus, the development of effective wound dressings has become a major focus in the biomedical field, as current solutions remain insufficient for treating complex, particularly chronic wounds. Designing an optimal environment for healing and tissue regeneration is essential.

Biodegradable zinc alloys with high strength and suitable mechanical integrity as bone repair metals.

Mechanical properties and integrity of biodegradable Zn alloys during degradation holds significant importance. In this study, a Zn-Mg-Mn alloy with tensile strength of 414 MPa and an elongation of 26% was developed. The strength contributions of as-extruded Zn alloy from grain boundary strengthening, precipitation strengthening, and second phase strengthening.

Engineered Magneto-Piezoelectric Nanoparticles-Enhanced Scaffolds Disrupt Biofilms and Activate Oxidative Phosphorylation in Icam1 Macrophages for Infectious Bone Defect Regeneration.

Infectious bone defects pose significant clinical challenges due to persistent infection and impaired bone healing. Icam1 macrophages were identified as crucial and previously unrecognized regulators in the repair of bone defects, where impaired oxidative phosphorylation within this macrophage subset represents a significant barrier to effective bone regeneration. To address this challenge, dual-responsive iron-doped barium titanate (BFTO) nanoparticles were synthesized with magnetic and ultrasonic properties.

Migration of fungicides, antibiotics and resistome in the soil-lettuce system.

The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have become a serious issue in global agricultural production. However, understanding how these ARGs spread across different spatial scales, especially when exposed to both pesticides and antibiotics, has remained a challenge. Here, metagenomic assembly and binning methodologies were used to determine the spread pathway of ARGs in the soil-lettuce system under individual and combined exposure of fungicides (carbendazim and pyraclostrobin) and antibiotics (chlortetracycline and ciprofloxacin).

Silk fibroin aerogels with AIE-featured berberine and MXene for rapid hemostasis and efficient wound healing.

Rapid hemostasis and wound healing are crucial in emergency trauma situations for saving patients' lives. Traditional hemostatic materials often have drawbacks such as slow hemostasis and susceptibility to post-hemostasis bacterial infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need for advanced wound dressing materials that can provide both rapid hemostasis and antimicrobial properties.

One-pot rapid preparation of long-term antioxidant and antibacterial biomedical gels based on lipoic acid and eugenol for accelerating cutaneous wound healing.

The complex battlefield environment often puts great pressure on the treatment of open wounds caused by burns and trauma, which cannot heal for a long time due to the lack of medical resources. Once wounds are not sutured and severely infected, they can lead to infective endocarditis, sepsis, and even death. Therefore, it is urgent to develop advanced dressings to replace sutures and antibiotics, which can quickly seal wounds and maintain long-term stability of antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

Stiffness and surface topology of silicone implants competitively mediate inflammatory responses of macrophages and foreign body response.

Adverse inflammatory responses, dominated by macrophages, that are induced by physical cues of silicone implants can heavily damage the life quality of patients via causing fibrosis and device failure. As stiffness and surface topology affect macrophages at the same time, the competition or partnership among physical cues against the regulation of macrophages is still ambiguous. Herein, a series of PDMS implants with different stiffness at ∼ MPa and surface topology at tens of micrometers were fabricated to investigate the relationship, the regulation rule, and the underlying mechanism of the two physical cues against the inflammatory responses of M1 macrophages.

Chlorothalonil drives the antibiotic resistome in earthworm guts.

Earthworms are recognized as carriers of pollutants; however, how fungicide residues affect microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in earthworm guts has remained unclear. In this work, changes in the earthworm gut microbiome and resistome were investigated after chlorothalonil (CTL) application. Earthworm activity accelerated the dissipation of CTL in soil, while metagenomic analysis revealed that CTL altered the ARG profile, leading to an increased abundance of ARGs in earthworm guts, particularly with respect to ARG subtypes CRP and OXA-427.

NTK-Guided Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning.

The proliferation of Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning (FSCIL) methodologies has highlighted the critical challenge of maintaining robust anti-amnesia capabilities in FSCIL learners. In this paper, we present a novel conceptualization of anti-amnesia in terms of mathematical generalization, leveraging the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) perspective. Our method focuses on two key aspects: ensuring optimal NTK convergence and minimizing NTK-related generalization loss, which serve as the theoretical foundation for cross-task generalization.

Biochar and theaflavins mitigate the antibiotic resistome and antibiotic-resistant pathogens in a soil-lettuce continuum.

Antibiotic resistance can be transferred into the food chain, leading to increased risks to human health from ready-to-eat vegetables. Mitigating the transmission of antibiotic resistance from soil to vegetables by green materials is of great significance. Here, we deciphered the roles of biochar and theaflavins in mitigating antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant pathogens (ARPs) in a soil-lettuce continuum.

Model Attention Expansion for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning.

Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning (FSCIL) aims at incrementally learning new knowledge from limited training examples without forgetting previous knowledge. However, we observe that existing methods face a challenge known as supervision collapse, where the model disproportionately emphasizes class-specific features of base classes at the detriment of novel class representations, leading to restricted cognitive capabilities. To alleviate this issue, we propose a new framework, Model aTtention Expansion for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning (MTE-FSCIL), aimed at expanding the model attention fields to improve transferability without compromising the discriminative capability for base classes.

Spiderweb-Shaped Iron-Coordinated Polymeric Network as the Novel Coating on Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery Against Infectious Wounds.

Coated microneedles (CMNs) are a minimally invasive platform for immediate-release transdermal drug delivery. However, the practical applications of CMNs have been significantly hindered by the challenges associated with complex formulations, single function, and limited drug loading capacity. This study has developed a spiderweb-shaped iron-coordinated polymeric nanowire network (Fe-IDA NWs).

Elevated temperature magnifies the acute and chronic toxicity of clothianidin to Eisenia fetida.

Pesticide residue and thermal stress resulting from global climate change are parallel stressors for soil fauna. However, it remains ambiguous how elevated temperatures and pesticides can interact to threaten soil fauna. In the study, the acute and chronic clothianidin (CTD) toxicity to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) at different temperatures, and the effect of increasing temperature on antioxidant defense mechanisms in response to CTD were investigated.

Tebuconazole promotes spread of a multidrug-resistant plasmid into soil bacteria to form new resistant bacterial strains.

The development of antibiotic resistance threatens human and environmental health. Non-antibiotic stressors, including fungicides, may contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). We determined the promoting effects of tebuconazole on ARG dissemination using a donor, Escherichia coli MG1655, containing a multidrug-resistant fluorescent plasmid (RP4) and a recipient (E.

Relationship-Incremental Scene Graph Generation by a Divide-and-Conquer Pipeline with Feature Adapter.

As a challenging computer vision task, Scene Graph Generation (SGG) finds the latent semantic relationships among objects from a given image, which may be limited by the datasets and real-world scenarios. In this paper, we consider a novel incremental learning task called Relationship-Incremental Scene Graph Generation (RISGG) that learns the semantic relationships among objects in an incremental way. Compared with classic Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) problem, RISGG suffers from its special issues: (1) Old class shift - the relationship-labeled object pair may have different labels during different learning sessions.

Tolerant Self-Distillation for image classification.

Deep neural networks tend to suffer from the overfitting issue when the training data are not enough. In this paper, we introduce two metrics from the intra-class distribution of correct-predicted and incorrect-predicted samples to provide a new perspective on the overfitting issue. Based on it, we propose a knowledge distillation approach without pretraining a teacher model in advance named Tolerant Self-Distillation (TSD) for alleviating the overfitting issue.

Hyaluronidase-Responsive Bactericidal Cryogel for Promoting Healing of Infected Wounds: Inflammatory Attenuation, ROS Scavenging, and Immune Regulation.

Wounds infected with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are increasingly threatening public health and challenging clinical treatments because of intensive bacterial colonization, excessive inflammatory responses, and superabundant oxidative stress. To overcome this malignant burden and promote wound healing, a multifunctional cryogel (HA/TA2/KR2) composed of hyaluronic acid (HA), tannic acid (TA), and KR-12 peptides is designed. The cryogel exhibited excellent shape-memory properties, strong absorption performance, and hemostatic capacity.

Mechanisms Underlying the Overlooked Chiral Fungicide-Driven Enantioselective Proliferation of Antibiotic Resistance in Earthworm Intestinal Microbiome.

From a "One Health" perspective, the global threat of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is associated with modern agriculture practices including agrochemicals application. Chiral fungicides account for a considerable proportion of wildly used agrochemicals; however, whether and how their enantiomers lead to differential proliferation of antibiotic resistance in agricultural environments remain overlooked. Focused on the soil-earthworm ecosystem, we for the first time deciphered the mechanisms underlying the enantioselective proliferation of antibiotic resistance driven by the enantiomers of a typical chiral fungicide mandipropamid (i.

Balancing Feature Alignment and Uniformity for Few-Shot Classification.

In Few-Shot Learning (FSL), the objective is to correctly recognize new samples from novel classes with only a few available samples per class. Existing methods in FSL primarily focus on learning transferable knowledge from base classes by maximizing the information between feature representations and their corresponding labels. However, this approach may suffer from the "supervision collapse" issue, which arises due to a bias towards the base classes.