Expandable Fast Li-Ion Diffusion Network of Li-Rich Mn-Based Oxides via Single-Layer LiCo(Ni)O Segregation.

Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials exhibit a remarkable reversible specific capacity exceeding 250 mAh g, positioning them as the preferred choice for the next generation of high-energy density lithium-ion battery cathode materials. However, their inferior rate and cycling performance pose significant challenges. In this context, a Li-rich material incorporating an expanded fast Li-ion diffusion network has been successfully synthesized.

Design and Synthesis of Completely Nonfused Medium-Wide-Bandgap Acceptors for Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Cells.

Medium-wide-bandgap (MWBG) organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have emerged as a promising category with distinctive application possibilities, especially in environments characterized by specific light conditions, such as indoor spaces. However, there are few high-efficiency MWBG acceptors, and most of them are constructed through high-cost fused central units, which limits the industrialization of MWBG OPV cells. Here, two completely nonfused MWBG acceptors, TBT-38 and TBT-43 with different alkoxy substituent positions on the thiophene rings, are synthesized.

Targeting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) in cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Nowadays postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is the mainstay for clinical treatment of breast cancer. However, the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer has become a main reason for the failure of clinical chemotherapy.

Biomaterials-based phototherapy for bacterial infections.

Bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance are global health problems, and current treatments for bacterial infections still rely on the use of antibiotics. Phototherapy based on the use of a photosensitizer has high efficiency, a broad spectrum, strong selectivity, does not easily induce drug resistance, and is expected to become an effective strategy for the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly drug-resistant infections. This article reviews antimicrobial strategies of phototherapy based on photosensitizers, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and their combination.

A rare case report of severe aplastic anaemia caused by long-term use of zidovudine.

Background: Zidovudine is an antiviral drug used to treat acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Anaemia is a common adverse effect of zidovudine that usually occurs in the first 2 to 4 weeks of initial treatment. Here, we describe a patient with HIV infection who developed severe aplastic anaemia 11 years after taking zidovudine.

Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a single-center, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a promising therapy for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This clinical trial aims to evaluate the influence of taVNS on autonomic functions, rectal sensation, and acetylcholine (Ach) levels and to explore potential mechanisms involving gut microbiota and metabolic profiles.

Methods: This study was a single-center, single-blind, randomized controlled trial executed at the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui, China.

Rational design of N-glycosyltransferases from Aggregatibacter aphrophilus to synthesize Gal-modified glycoconjugates targeting hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) significantly impacts human health due to its tendency to develop multi-drug resistance. Regarding the treatment of HCC, galactosylated conjugates can target drug delivery. Bacterial N-glycosyltransferases (NGTs) catalyze glucosylation or galactosylation of the Asn residue motif Asn-X-Ser/Thr (X ≠ P).

Research trends and hotspots of the applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in cardiovascular diseases: a bibliometric and visualized study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death globally. The use of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in CVDs has gained significant attention in recent years, and there is a growing body of literature on the subject. However, a thorough and impartial analysis of the existing state and trends of scRNA-seq in CVDs is lacking.

Bayesian Mendelian Randomization Analysis for Latent Exposures Leveraging GWAS Summary Statistics for Traits Co-Regulated by the Exposures.

Mendelian Randomization analysis is a popular method to infer causal relationships between exposures and outcomes, utilizing data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to overcome limitations of observational research by treating genetic variants as instrumental variables. This study focuses on a specific problem setting, where causal signals may exist among a series of correlated traits, but the exposures of interest, such as biological functions or lower-dimensional latent factors that regulate the observable traits, are not directly observable. We propose a Bayesian Mendelian randomization analysis framework that allows joint analysis of the causal effects of multiple latent exposures on a disease outcome leveraging GWAS summary-level association statistics for traits co-regulated by the exposures.

HIGHER ORDER GAUGE EQUIVARIANT CONVOLUTIONS FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDER CLASSIFICATION.

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) has shown significant promise in capturing subtle changes in neural microstructure caused by neurodegenerative disorders. In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end compound architecture for processing raw dMRI data. It consists of a 3D convolutional kernel network (CKN) that extracts macro-architectural features across voxels and a gauge equivariant Volterra network (GEVNet) on the sphere that extracts micro-architectural features from within voxels.

Removal of BPA by Pseudomonas asiatica P1: Synergistic response mechanism of toxicity resistance and biodegradation.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a globally concerning toxic pollutant, and microbial degradation is considered an effective method to treat BPA contamination. However, the inherent microbial toxicity of BPA is often overlooked, particularly the microbial mechanisms of resistance and detoxification against BPA. This study found that under the toxic stress of BPA, cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3-Cox) in the cells of Pseudomonas asiatica P1 (P.

Comparative effectiveness of Low Molecular Weight Heparin on Live birth for Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: systematic review and network meta-analysis: Effectiveness of LMWH on Live Birth in RSA.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) on live birth rates and adverse pregnancy outcomes in individuals experiencing recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Embase from database inception to July 1, 2024.

Study Eligibility Criteria: Eligible randomised controlled trials enrolled women with RSA who received LMWH, with a follow-up duration of at least 12 weeks.

Corrigendum: Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data reveals a cellular senescence-related signature in hepatocellular carcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.

Protective Role of Cepharanthine Against Equid Herpesvirus Type 8 Through AMPK and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway Activation.

Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) is known to cause respiratory disease and miscarriage in horses and donkeys, which is a major problem for the equine farming industry. However, there are currently limited vaccines or drugs available to effectively treat EqHV-8 infection. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new antiviral approaches to prevent potential pandemics caused by EqHV-8.

Levamisole Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Downregulating the PI3K/Akt Pathway in SD Rats.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a protracted course, high rates of morbidity, and disability yet lacks effective therapeutic modalities. Levamisole (LVM), an immunomodulatory drug, has been clinically reported for its potential in RA treatment, while its therapeutic mechanism toward RA remains to be elucidated. Hence, this study provides theoretical support for the application of LVM in the treatment of RA.

Transcription-Aided Selection (TAS) for Crop Disease Resistance: Strategy and Evidence.

A transcription-aided selection (TAS) strategy is proposed in this paper, which utilizes the positive regulatory roles of genes involved in the plant immunity pathways to screen crops with high disease resistance. Increased evidence has demonstrated that upon pathogen attack, the expression of diverse genes involved in salicylic acid (SA)-mediated SAR are differentially expressed and transcriptionally regulated. The paper discusses the molecular mechanisms of the SA signaling pathway, which plays a central role in plant immunity, and identifies differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that could be targeted for transcriptional detection.

Renalase protects against podocyte injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) presents a significant public health challenge due to its high rate of incidence and severe health consequences. Renalase has been identified as having renal-protective properties. A key contributor to albuminuria in DN patients is podocyte loss.

EfficientNet-resDDSC: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model Integrating Residual Blocks and Dilated Convolutions for Inferring Gene Causality in Single-Cell Data.

Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) reveal complex interactions between genes in organisms, crucial for understanding the life system's operation. The rapid development of biotechnology, especially single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), has generated a large amount of scRNA-seq data, which can be analyzed to explore the regulatory relationships between genes at the single-cell level. Previous models used to construct GRNs mainly aim at constructing associative relationships between genes, but usually fail to accurately reveal the causality between genes.

Metal-dielectric dispersive mirrors for ultraviolet lasers.

We report a broadband metal-dielectric dispersive mirror (MDDM) based on Al/SiO/HfO thin films operating in the near-ultraviolet (UV) region. Demonstrating the combined benefits of both the wide reflective bandwidth of aluminum in the UV region and the flexible dispersion control capability of HfO/SiO multilayer films, the MDDM has a wide bandwidth, low total thickness, and precise dispersion compensation ability. We propose an initial design based on a shortwave reflection enhancement structure (SWRES) to prevent shortwave light from obtaining a second time-dispersion compensation in the deep metal layer.