Chitin from Antarctic krill shell: Eco-preparation, detection, and characterization.

Antarctic krill is a nutrient-rich crustacean that is one of the main species in the Antarctic ecosystem. Antarctic krill shell (AKS) can be used as raw materials to prepare chitin. In this study, lactic acid and dispase were used to prepare Antarctic krill chitin (AKC-1).

Incidence and Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prevalent in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the risk factors and incidence rate of DVT remains elusive. Here, we aimed to assess the incidence rate and risk factors of DVT.

AvrA Exerts Inhibition of NF-κB Pathway in Its Naïve Serotype through Suppression of p-JNK and Beclin-1 Molecules.

Avian salmonellosis caused by serovar Enteritidis (. Enteritidis) and Pullorum ( Pullorum) remains a big threat to the poultry industry and public hygiene. AvrA is an effector involved in inhibiting inflammation.

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for high yield production of α-amyrin via synergistic remodeling of α-amyrin synthase and expanding the storage pool.

α-Amyrin is a plant-originated high-valued triterpene that is highly effective against several pathological ailments. α-Amyrin production by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been achieved by introducing α-amyrin synthase (αAS). However, the low yield of α-amyrin highly limits its industrial application; the low catalytic activity of αAS and the toxic effect of α-amyrin have been considered key elements.

Research on Tire Marking Point Completeness Evaluation Based on K-Means Clustering Image Segmentation.

The tire marking points of dynamic balance and uniformity play a crucial guiding role in tire installation. Incomplete marking points block the recognition of tire marking points, and then affect the installation of tires. It is usually necessary to evaluate the marking point completeness during the quality inspection of finished tires.

[Analysis of miRNA-326's action on its target gene BCL-XL].

Objective: To analyze the action of miRNA-326 on its target gene BCL-XL and the molecular mechanism of platelet apoptosis regulated by miRNAs.

Methods: Dual-luciferase vectors containing respectively the wild-type and mutant 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) fragments of the BCL-XL gene were constructed with firefly and renilla luciferases and transfected into 293T cells. Relative fluorescence intensities of the transfected cells were measured.

Tris(4-bromophenyl)aminium Hexachloroantimonate-Initiated Oxidative Povarov-Type Reaction between Glycine Esters and (Cyclopropylidenemethyl)benzenes Using the Counterion as a Chlorine Donor.

A tris(4-bromophenyl)aminium hexachloroantimonate-initiated oxidative Povarov-type reaction between glycines and methylenecyclopropanes was realized in the presence of dioxygen, in which the counterion, SbCl, served as a chlorine atom donor, enabling the synthesis of a series of chlorinated quinolines in high yields. The mechanistic study showed that the chlorination step might be related to antimony chloride via a radical chlorine atom transfer.

Discovery of Ebselen as an Inhibitor of 6PGD for Suppressing Tumor Growth.

Introduction: The 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) was upregulated in many solid cancers and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. In the present study, we want to discover an old drug as an inhibitor of 6PGD for suppressing tumor growth.

Methods: We determined the expression of 6PGD in cancer tissues using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) profiles and explored the importance of 6PGD expression in cancer progression by using Kaplan-Meier Plotter.

Aggregation-Induced Emission Probes for Specific Turn-On Quantification of Bovine Serum Albumin.

A series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescence probes, coined 4H-pyrimido[2,1-]benzothiazole derivatives, has been synthesized by Biginelli reactions. Utilizing spectroscopic techniques, their photophysical properties have been comprehensively investigated in working environment both and . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to better understand the mechanism of these probes.

Exceptionally High Average Power Factor and Thermoelectric Figure of Merit in n-type PbSe by the Dual Incorporation of Cu and Te.

Thermoelectric materials with high average power factor and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) has been a sought-after goal. Here, we report new n-type thermoelectric system CuPbSeTe ( = 0.0025, 0.

Systemic administration of IL-33 induces a population of circulating KLRG1 type 2 innate lymphoid cells and inhibits type 1 innate immunity against multiple myeloma.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are important producers of type 2 cytokines whose role in hematological cancers remains unclear. ILC2s are a heterogeneous population encompassing distinct subsets with different tissue localization and cytokine responsiveness. In this study, we investigated the role of bone marrow (BM) ILC2s and interleukin (IL)-33-stimulated ILC2s in multiple myeloma, a plasma cell malignancy that develops in the BM.

The effect of crocin on memory, hippocampal acetylcholine level, and apoptosis in a rat model of cerebral ischemia.

Although the memory- improving effect of crocin has been suggested by previous evidences, the association between this effect and hippocampal acetylcholine (Ach) level and apoptosis is not well investigated. This study aimed to determine the protective effects of crocin on memory, hippocampal Ach level, and apoptosis in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. Male Wistar rats were divided into sham group received saline, and other 3 groups underwent 4-vessel occlusion brain ischemia (4VOI), received oral administration of either saline or crocin in doses of 30 mg/day and 60 mg/day for 7 days.

Ribavirin therapy for severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.

The aim of this study was to compare ribavirin therapy versus supportive therapy only for patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 115 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were retrospectively analysed. All patients received supportive care as well as regular laboratory and clinical monitoring.

HMGB1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Participates in the Pathological Process of Acute Lung Injury by Regulating the Maturation and Function of Dendritic Cells.

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) was identified as a highly conserved DNA binding nuclear protein, which participates in the processes of acute lung injury (ALI). HMGB1 binds to its specific receptors not only to activate the nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways but also to regulate the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway. Mature dendritic cells (DCs) regulate acute lung inflammation and pathological injury in ALI.

Clinical course and predictors of 60-day mortality in 239 critically ill patients with COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective study from Wuhan, China.

Background: The global numbers of confirmed cases and deceased critically ill patients with COVID-19 are increasing. However, the clinical course, and the 60-day mortality and its predictors in critically ill patients have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to identify the clinical course, and 60-day mortality and its predictors in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Plasma metabolomic and lipidomic alterations associated with COVID-19.

The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health crisis. The symptoms of COVID-19 range from mild to severe, but the physiological changes associated with COVID-19 are barely understood. In this study, we performed targeted metabolomic and lipidomic analyses of plasma from a cohort of patients with COVID-19 who had experienced different symptoms.

Highly active deficient ternary sulfide photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting.

The exploration of photoanode materials with high efficiency and stability is the eternal pursuit for the realization of practically solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Here we develop a deficient ternary metal sulfide (CdInS) photoanode, and its PEC performance is significantly enhanced by introducing surface sulfur vacancies, achieving a photocurrent density of 5.73 mA cm at 1.

The molecular evolutionary characteristics of new isolated H9N2 AIV from East China and the function of vimentin on virus replication in MDCK cells.

Background: The low pathogenic H9N2 AIV caused the serious impact on the poultry industry and public safety. Our purpose was to investigate the molecular evolutionary characteristics of the new isolated H9N2 virus and investigate the intracellular target protein of H9N2 AIV replication in sensitive cells.

Methods: AIV A/chicken/Shandong/LY1/2017 (H9N2) was isolated from the cloaca of the healthy chicken in Shandong, and the full-length eight gene segments of this isolated H9N2 AIV were amplified by RT-PCR and analyzed.

Cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy for internal hemorrhoids: technique protocol and study design for a multi-center randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy is a new interventional therapy for internal hemorrhoids and rectal prolapse under colonoscopy. The proper length of the endoscopic injection needle is the core for performing cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy well with more benefits and less complications. However, no data are currently available to guide endoscopists to consider the length of injection needle before cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy.

Association of Age of Onset of Hypertension With Cardiovascular Diseases and Mortality.

Background: The relations of hypertension onset age with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and all-cause mortality remain inconclusive.

Objectives: This study sought to examine the associations of hypertension onset age with CVD and all-cause mortality.

Methods: This prospective study included 71,245 participants free of hypertension and CVD in the first survey (July 2006 to October 2007) of the Kailuan study, a prospective cohort study in Tangshan, China.

Stepwise rapid tracking strategy to identify active molecules from Ixeris sonchifolia Hance based on "'affinity mass spectrometry-atomic force microscopy imaging'" technology.

In this study, a novel stepwise rapid tracking strategy was reported to identify the active molecules from Ixeris sonchifolia Hance (IsH) in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) based on "affinity mass spectrometry (MS)-atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging" technology. First, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signal transduction pathway located on the cell membrane was revealed to be the core target protein in CHD treatment through network pharmacology and bioinformatics. In addition, affinity MS screening based on VEGFR2 identified isochlorogenic acid A and luteolin-7-O-glucuronide as having stronger affinity with VEGFR2.

High expression of PKM2 synergizes with PD-L1 in tumor cells and immune cells to predict worse survival in human lung adenocarcinoma.

: Immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 represents a breakthrough in the treatment of lung cancer. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is not only a critical player in glycolysis, but also conducive to tumor progression and immune response. While both have been linked to lung adenocarcinoma (AC), the correlation and clinical significance of PKM2 and PD-L1 expression in human lung AC tissues remains not entirely explored.

Secondary Fluorescence of 3D Heterogeneous Materials Using a Hybrid Model.

In electron probe microanalysis or scanning electron microscopy, the Monte Carlo method is widely used for modeling electron transport within specimens and calculating X-ray spectra. For an accurate simulation, the calculation of secondary fluorescence (SF) is necessary, especially for samples with complex geometries. In this study, we developed a program, using a hybrid model that combines the Monte Carlo simulation with an analytical model, to perform SF correction for three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous materials.

Baicalein exerts neuroprotective effect against ischaemic/reperfusion injury via alteration of NF-kB and LOX and AMPK/Nrf2 pathway.

ischaemic stroke accounts for almost 11% of all deaths worldwide and has a high incidence of permanent disability among patients. Baicalein has many beneficial pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. However, the neuroprotective effect of baicalein is still unclear.