Straw incorporation and nitrogen fertilization regulate soil quality, enzyme activities and maize crop productivity in dual maize cropping system.

Background: Straw incorporation serves as an effective strategy to enhance soil fertility and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), which in turn improves maize yield and agricultural sustainability. However, our understanding of nitrogen (N) fertilization and straw incorporation into soil microenvironment is still evolving. This study explored the impact of six N fertilization rates (N0, N100, N150, N200, N250, and N300) with and without straw incorporation on soil fertility, SMBC, enzyme activities, and maize yield.

Straw return and nitrogen fertilization regulate soil greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential in dual maize cropping system.

Abundant nitrogen (N) fertilization is needed for maize (Zea mays L.) production in China because of its huge residual biomass return. However, excessive N fertilization has a negative impact on the soil ecosystem and environment, which contributes to climate change.

Straw Return and Nitrogen Fertilization to Maize Regulate Soil Properties, Microbial Community, and Enzyme Activities Under a Dual Cropping System.

Soil sustainability is based on soil microbial communities' abundance and composition. Straw returning (SR) and nitrogen (N) fertilization influence soil fertility, enzyme activities, and the soil microbial community and structure. However, it remains unclear due to heterogeneous composition and varying decomposition rates of added straw.

Interactive Effects of Melatonin and Nitrogen Improve Drought Tolerance of Maize Seedlings by Regulating Growth and Physiochemical Attributes.

Melatonin plays an important role in numerous vital life processes of animals and has recently captured the interests of plant biologists because of its potent role in plants. As well as its possible contribution to photoperiodic processes, melatonin is believed to act as a growth regulator and/or as a direct free radical scavenger/indirect antioxidant. However, identifying a precise concentration of melatonin with an optimum nitrogen level for a particular application method to improve plant growth requires identification and clarification.

Effects of soaking seeds in exogenous vitamins on active oxygen metabolism and seedling growth under low-temperature stress.

This study investigated the influence of the exogenous application of vitamin B2 (V), B12 (V), biotin (V), and nicotinic acid (V) on oxygen production in maize ( L.) seedlings at 5 °C for day 1, 3, 5 and 7. The seeds were soaked in V, V, V, and V solutions for 24 h at the concentration of 100 mg/L, and control was soaked in distilled water.

Design, Synthesis, and Structure--Activity Relationship of New 2-Aryl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolin-2-ium Salts as Antifungal Agents.

Twenty-two 2-aryl-9-methyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolin-2-ium bromides along with four 9-demethylated derivatives were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic analysis. By using the mycelium growth rate method, the compounds were evaluated for antifungal activities in vitro against six plant pathogenic fungi, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) were derived. Almost all of the compounds showed obvious inhibition activity on each of the fungi at 150 μM.

Cytotoxic constituents from the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera.

Aim: To investigate the chemical constituents from the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorptive resin D101, silica gel, and ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR analyses.