Glaucoma surgery and induced astigmatism: a systematic review.

Background: The refractive outcomes of glaucoma surgeries, particularly their effect on astigmatism, are incompletely understood.

Main Body: Trabeculectomy is associated with a considerable amount of with-the-rule astigmatic change in the immediate postoperative period. This is followed by a gradual against-the-rule shift.

An acute intraocular pressure challenge to assess retinal ganglion cell injury and recovery in the mouse.

We describe a model of acute intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in the mouse eye that induces reversible loss of inner retinal function associated with oxidative stress, glial cell activation and minimal loss of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) number. Young healthy mouse eyes recover inner retinal function within 7-days but more persistent functional loss is seen in older mice. Manipulation of diet and exercise further modify RGC recovery demonstrating the utility of this injury model for investigating lifestyle and therapeutic interventions.

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy evaluation project: factors associated with underestimation of glaucoma likelihood.

Importance: Glaucoma is a significant health problem for which diagnosis remains suboptimal. Optic disc evaluation, which is fundamental to the diagnosis, is a difficult skill to acquire.

Objectives: To determine the optic disc characteristics that most influence decision making in the assessment of glaucoma likelihood and to ascertain the optic disc features associated with overestimation and underestimation of glaucoma likelihood.

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy evaluation (GONE) project: the effect of monoscopic versus stereoscopic viewing conditions on optic nerve evaluation.

Purpose: To determine whether monoscopic vs stereoscopic viewing impacts evaluation of optic disc photographs for glaucoma diagnosis in an expert population.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: Twenty pairs of high-quality monoscopic and stereoscopic photographs of similar size and magnification (ie, 40 images), were selected to demonstrate a range of optic disc features from a total of 197 eyes of 197 patients with glaucoma and normal subjects recruited from a tertiary clinic.

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy evaluation project: a standardized internet system for assessing skills in optic disc examination.

Background: Development of a standardized internet-based system to self-assess skills in optic disc examination for glaucoma risk assessment.

Design: Prospective internet-based observational study.

Participants: Total of 197 participants (glaucoma subspecialists, general ophthalmologists and trainees) from 22 countries.