Trends in the Mortality Rate of Major Kidney Diseases - China, 2014-2021.

Introduction: Kidney disease represents a significant public health issue in China, yet there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding national and regional trends in its mortality and causes. This study evaluated the mortality, causes, and regional distribution of major kidney diseases in China from 2014 to 2021.

Methods: Data pertaining to kidney disease were obtained from the National Death Cause Surveillance System.

A novel technique for trehalose and sucrose determination in therapeutic monoclonal antibodies using a high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector.

Sucrose and trehalose are commonly used excipients in therapeutic monoclonal antibodies that play a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and stability of drugs. Though it is necessary to control the concentrations of these substances during the quality control of their release, there is currently no comprehensive method for simultaneously determining sucrose and trehalose concentrations. Herein, we established a high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) method and validated it in accordance with the International Council for Harmonization Q2 guidelines.

Risk factor analysis and predictive model development for air leakage after thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection.

Background: The rate of postoperative complications in wedge resection is low because it does not involve major structures. However, postoperative air leakage (AL) is common. This research sought to determine the risk factors associated with AL following thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection and to create a predictive model for identifying patients suitable for tubeless procedures.

3D Printing-Based Hydrogel Dressings for Wound Healing.

Skin wounds have become an important issue that affects human health and burdens global medical care. Hydrogel materials similar to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) are one of the best candidates for ideal wound dressings and the most feasible choices for printing inks. Distinct from hydrogels made by traditional technologies, which lack bionic and mechanical properties, 3D printing can promptly and accurately create hydrogels with complex bioactive structures and the potential to promote tissue regeneration and wound healing.

Discovery and characterization of a novel Lepidoptera-specific antimicrobial peptide from the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical components of innate immunity in diverse organisms, including plants, vertebrates, and insects. This study identified and characterized a novel Lepidoptera-specific AMP, named lepidoptin, from the invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Lepidoptin is a 116-amino acid protein containing a signal peptide and a novel β-sandwich domain that is distinct from previously reported AMPs.

Manganese Oxide-Incorporated Hybrid Lipid Nanoparticles Amplify the Potency of mRNA Vaccine via Oxygen Generation and STING Activation.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have exhibited enormous potential in the treatment of human diseases; however, their widespread applications are curtailed by the induction of reactive oxygen species during mRNA translation, which greatly compromises the translation efficiency. Herein, we present a robust strategy with the capability to substantially enhance the efficacy of the mRNA vaccine through promoting mRNA translation and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation. The strategy entails the coassembly of small-sized manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as the hybrid delivery vehicle (MnLNPs) for the fabrication of mRNA vaccine.

Membraneless organelles in health and disease: exploring the molecular basis, physiological roles and pathological implications.

Once considered unconventional cellular structures, membraneless organelles (MLOs), cellular substructures involved in biological processes or pathways under physiological conditions, have emerged as central players in cellular dynamics and function. MLOs can be formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), resulting in the creation of condensates. From neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, aging, and metabolism to cancer, the influence of MLOs on human health and disease extends widely.

Targeted volatile fatty acid production based on lactate platform in mixed culture fermentation: Insights into carbon conversion and microbial metabolic traits.

In this study, the effects of fermentation pH and redox potential on the performance of the lactate platform were comprehensively evaluated. The results indicated that the type of acidogenic fermentation was influenced by redox potential, while pH was correlated with volatile fatty acid yield. The highest propionate yield was achieved under anaerobic conditions at a pH of9, with the dominant genus Serpentinicella producing propionate through the acrylate pathway.

Construction of natural hydrogels consisting of oxidized dextran, quaternized chitosan and cuttlefish ink nanoparticles for treating diabetic oral ulcers.

Current approaches to managing diabetic oral ulcers are often inadequate in medical settings due to risks of bacterial contamination, oxidative harm, and hindered blood vessel growth during recovery. Here, we have developed a hydrogel (OQC2) consisting of oxidized dextran, quaternized chitosan, and melanin nanoparticles sourced from cuttlefish ink to effectively treat wounds from diabetic oral ulcers. Initially, by administering a straightforward local injection, a protection barrier forms over the mucosal injury, promptly stopping bleeding and neutralizing inflammatory agents.

Significant enhancement of the thermal stability and catalytic efficiency of transglutaminase in Streptomyces mobaraensis engineered through the novel S. mobaraensis genomic mutant library construction method GHR/Sml.

Herein, we developed a novel Streptomyces mobaraensis genomic mutant library construction method, GHR/Sml, to directly and significantly enhance the thermal stability and catalytic efficiency of TGase in the genome of S. mobaraensis. First, 13 key amino acid residues and their mutations for enhanced thermal stability were identified using error-prone PCR and site-directed mutagenesis.

Strongly enhanced shift current at exciton resonances in a noncentrosymmetric wide-gap semiconductor.

Excitons are fundamental quasiparticles that are ubiquitous in photoexcited semiconductors and insulators. Despite causing a sharp and strong photoabsorption near the interband absorption edge, charge-neutral excitons do not yield photocurrent in conventional photovoltaic processes unless dissociated into free charge carriers. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that excitons can directly contribute to photocurrent generation through a nonlinear light-matter interaction in a noncentrosymmetric semiconductor CuI.

Construction of directional electron transfer from Pt to MoO in macroporous structure for efficient hydrogen oxidation.

Hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) as the anode reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cell, usually suffers from the high loading of platinum (Pt) and subsequent CO poisoning especially by using industrial crude hydrogen as fuel. In this work, we propose a directional electron transfer route from Pt to MoO in the macroporous structure to significantly enhance the HOR activity as well as the CO tolerance, which is constructed by interface engineering and defect strategy to anchor highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles onto the three-dimensional MoO-C framework. The optimized 2Pt-MoO-C with 1.

Protocol for deriving human preimplantation epiblast stem cells and 8-cell embryo-like cells.

An in vitro cell model mimicking human 8C blastomeres would be invaluable to understanding the mechanisms regulating major zygote genome activation (ZGA) in humans. Here, we present a protocol for deriving human preimplantation epiblast stem cells and 8-cell embryo-like cells. We describe steps for developing an 8C-specific GFP reporter (8C::GFP) and capturing the rare human 8C-like cells (8CLCs) from human preimplantation epiblast-like stem cells (prEpiSCs).

Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with congenital heart disease.

Objectives: To analyze the clinical outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) after surgery and explore the risk factors associated with mortality during long-term follow-up for 3-5 years.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study at Shanghai Children Medical Center (SCMC) from 2017 to 2021 and reviewed the clinical results and laboratory findings of 188 CHD patients who received ECMO support during this period.

Results: The 5-year overall survival rate was 56.

Triglyceride-glucose index and hsCRP-to-albumin ratio as predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events in STEMI patients with hypertension.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (hsCAR) and the prognosis of patients with STEMI and hypertension. A total of 699 patients diagnosed with STEMI and hypertension were included in this study database. Compared to the low TyG index group (< 7.

Validation and psychometric properties of the bipolar prodrome symptom interview and scale-full prospective Chinese version to assess individuals at risk for bipolar disorder.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, severe mental illness with a significant socio-economic burden. The early recognition of BD requires reliable and valid instruments.

Objective: We evaluated the psychometric attributes of the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale-Full Prospective (BPSS-FP)-Chinese version.

A signal-diffusion-based unsupervised contrastive representation learning for spatial transcriptomics analysis.

Motivation: Spatial transcriptomics allows for the measurement of high-throughput gene expression data while preserving the spatial structure of tissues and histological images. Integrating gene expression, spatial information, and image data to learn discriminative low-dimensional representations is critical for dissecting tissue heterogeneity and analyzing biological functions. However, most existing methods have limitations in effectively utilizing spatial information and high-resolution histological images.

Strategy Optimization for a Combined Procedure in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The COMBINATION Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The optimal strategy of combining left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with catheter ablation (CA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during a single procedure remains unclear.

Objective: To determine the effects of ablation-first vs occlusion-first strategies on long-term clinical outcomes among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing a combined LAAO and CA procedure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The prospective, multicenter COMBINATION randomized clinical trial was conducted in 14 high-volume centers in China.

Complete genome sequence of tsaoko stripe mosaic virus, a novel macluravirus found in Amomum tsaoko.

A novel macluravirus, tentatively named "tsaoko stripe mosaic virus" (TkSMV), was identified in Amomum tsaoko through high-throughput sequencing. The complete genome sequence of TkSMV was determined using RT-PCR and RACE. The genome sequence consists of 8218 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tail, and contains a large open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of 2625 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 297.

Functional connectivity changes in two cortico-hippocampal networks of Alzheimer's disease continuum and their correlations with cognition: A SILCODE study.

Background: The anterior-temporal (AT) and posterior-medial (PM) networks have been proposed to play pivotal roles in the memory processing associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, these two networks' intrinsic functional coupling characteristics are still vague in different AD stages.

Objective: To explore the functional connectivity (FC) alterations within and across the AT&PM networks in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and normal controls (NC).

Machine learning-driven discovery of novel therapeutic targets in diabetic foot ulcers.

Background: To utilize machine learning for identifying treatment response genes in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).

Methods: Transcriptome data from patients with DFU were collected and subjected to comprehensive analysis. Initially, differential expression analysis was conducted to identify genes with significant changes in expression levels between DFU patients and healthy controls.