[Fatal wound from a PB-2 pistol of the OSA complex with a bullet of cartridge 18x45TD].

Bullets without a metal core are almost the only ones currently produced for the OSA complex. In the available forensic literature there are small number of cases of the description of injuries using this cartridge. The article presents a case from practice when, in the course of forensic medical research, not only the type of cartridge used was established, but also the conclusion was drawn about the use of barrelless firearms of limited destruction, equipped with two cartridges at the same time - the PB-2 Egida pistol.

[Forensic characteristics of traumatic cartridges of caliber 18×45 mm and 18.5×55 mm of the OSA complex].

The purpose of the work is to show how, from the day it was created, the cartridges for barrelless firearms of limited destruction of the OSA complex changed. The main structural changes of cartridges of caliber 18x45 mm and 18.5x55 mm, affecting the nature of damage to the human body, are noted.

[Problematic issues of the forensic medical examination of a fatal injury induced by modern small-scale water transport].

Relevance of studying the conditions and mechanisms for the formation of water transport trauma is evaluated on the example of forensic medical situational examination of a young girl, who received multiple injuries with a propeller and keel of a speedboat. The victim died from drowning in water. Authors present the features of the morphology of chopped injuries on the skin and flat bones of the skull, proving the fact that they were caused by the screw of one of the three vehicles suspected of hitting victim and causing her severe traumatic brain injury during swimming time.

[New possibilities for determining the sex and age group of an adult on the basis of the frequency analysis of combinations of dermatoglyphic signs of fingers].

The possibilities of determining the sex and age group of an adult on the basis of frequency analysis of combinations of dermatoglyphic signs are presented. The study established new, highly informative dermatoglyphic markers of general physiological traits, with a multiplicity of differences from 5 to 59 (p<0.05) in alternative comparison groups formed by sex and age groups of 18 to 35 years and 36 to 77 years.

[Forensic medical expertise in Petrograd - Leningrad - Saint-Petersburg in the XX-XXI centuries: the past and the present].

The Saint-Petersburg state healthcare institution 'Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise' (SPb SBHCI 'Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise') celebrated its 100 anniversary on April 9, 2018. This article provides information concerning the organization and management of the forensic medical expertise system in Petrograd, Leningrad, and Saint-Petersburg in the XX-XXI centuries. The data on the staff composition of the Bureau and character of its activities are presented together with the outline of its main directions and practical achievements.

[Forensic medical expertise in Saint-Petersburg in the period from the XVIII and the early XX centuries: the sources and organization of the forensic medical expert activity].

This article contains information about the organization of the forensic medical expert investigation in the city of Saint-Petersburg since the time of its foundation. The sources of origin of the first Russian service of forensic medical expertise as a component of the state-supported healthcare system, as exemplified by the Saint-Petersburg state healthcare institution 'Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise', are described.

[About the estimation of the possibility of carrying out of several self-inflicted fatal injuries by the victim].

Forensic medical experts are not infrequently faced in their practical work with the question of the possibility of inflicting body injuries by the victim to himself (herself). In such cases, the law-enforcement authorities are in the first place interested not in the possibility of such self-inflicted injuries but rather in the correspondence between the character of the injuries and the circumstances of the event that needs to be objectively established in the course of the forensic medical expertise. The cases of multiple severe self-inflicted injuries in which all the witnesses were one way or another involved in the accident as the participants of the fight with the victim, attract especially close attention and require careful examination.

[About some peculiar features of gunshot wounds inflicted by shot-gun cartridges for the short-barreled weapons of the limited injurious power].

The cases of application of 'non-standard' ammunition constitute a serious challenge for the forensic medical expertise. Bearing in mind the importance of this issue, the authors report a case encountered in their practical work, namely a gunshot wound inflicted by the 'non-standard' shot-gun cartridges for the short-barreled weapons of the limited injurious power that required the expert evaluation. The case under consideration illustrates the peculiar features of the gunshot wound inflicted by 'non-standard' shot-gun cartridges for the short-barreled weapons of the limited injurious power.

[The blunt open injury to the lower extremities resulting from the overextension of the knee joint].

This article reports a case of the blunt open injury to the lower extremities resulting from the overextension of the knee joint that, despite it severity, turned out to be a mere accompanying event of a more serious condition. This case is of great interest in the context of forensic medical expertise by virtue of the apparent discrepancy between the extent of the injury and the circumstances of the accident. Clearly, such discrepancy may influence the reliability of the expert conclusion as regards the evaluation of such injury.

The ω-SQUIPT as a tool to phase-engineer Josephson topological materials.

Multi-terminal superconducting Josephson junctions based on the proximity effect offer the opportunity to tailor non-trivial quantum states in nanoscale weak links. These structures can realize exotic topologies in several dimensions, for example, artificial topological superconductors that are able to support Majorana bound states, and pave the way to emerging quantum technologies and future quantum information schemes. Here we report the realization of a three-terminal Josephson interferometer based on a proximized nanosized weak link.

[The specific age-related palmometric features of an adult subject].

In connection with the variability and as a consequence of the poor diagnostic value of the external (planimetric) parameters of the palm traces, the new system of absolute and relative dimensional attributes based on the stable palmoglyphic reference points is considered. The purpose of the present study was the search for the new biological markers of biological age. The material for the study consisted of the palm prints obtained from 180 men and 120 women of the Caucasoid stock at the age from 16 to 80 years.

Secure polarization-independent subcarrier quantum key distribution in optical fiber channel using BB84 protocol with a strong reference.

A quantum key distribution system based on the subcarrier wave modulation method has been demonstrated which employs the BB84 protocol with a strong reference to generate secure bits at a rate of 16.5 kbit/s with an error of 0.5% over an optical channel of 10 dB loss, and 18 bits/s with an error of 0.

[The peculiarities of deposition of foreign particles in the skin region experimentally damaged by the electrical saw cutting element].

The objective of the present study was to detect the deposition of foreign particles and other introduced objects in the human skin region damaged by the electrical saw cutting elements and to use the data thus obtained for the estimation of the speed and the type of the instrument, the main characteristics of the cutter covering and/or composition of its surface. The experiments included the sawing of the skin fragments using the small steel saws differing in the type of the surface cover, such as the uncoated (steel), stained, nickel- or chromium-plated, blue-finished saws with the movement speed of the cutting element 500, 1000, 2500, 2,000, and 3,000 revolutions per minute. The study provided information about the peculiarities of deposition of foreign particles and other introduced objects in the damaged regions of the human skin that allow not only to establish the fact of using the electrical saw with a high-speed back-and-forth movements of the cutting element but also the type of the instrument and the main characteristics of its cover and/or the composition of its surface.

"Smile" gap in the density of states of a cavity between superconductors.

The density of Andreev levels in a normal metal (N) in contact with two superconductors (S) is known to exhibit an induced minigap related to the inverse dwell time. We predict a small secondary gap just below the superconducting gap edge-a feature that has been overlooked so far in numerous microscopic studies of the density of states in S-N-S structures. In a generic structure with N being a chaotic cavity, the secondary gap is the widest at zero phase bias.

Quantum synchronization of conjugated variables in a superconducting device leads to the fundamental resistance quantization.

We propose a way to achieve quantum synchronization of two canonically conjugated variables. For this, we employ a superconducting device where the synchronization of Josephson and Bloch oscillations results in the quantization of transresistance similar to that in the (fractional) quantum Hall effect. An LC oscillator is a key component to achieve an exponentially small rate of synchronization errors.

Polarons in suspended carbon nanotubes.

We prove theoretically the possibility of electric-field controlled polaron formation involving flexural (bending) modes in suspended carbon nanotubes. Upon increasing the field, the ground state of the system with a single extra electron undergoes a first-order phase transition between an extended state and a localized polaron state. For a common experimental setup, the threshold electric field is only of the order of approximately equal 5×10(-2) V/μm.

Model of a proposed superconducting phase slip oscillator: a method for obtaining few-photon nonlinearities.

We theoretically investigate a driven oscillator with the superconducting inductance subject to quantum phase slips (QPS). We find uncommon nonlinearities in the proposed device: they oscillate as a function of the number of photons N with a local period of the order of √N. We prove that such nonlinearities result in multiple metastable states encompassing few photons and study oscillatory dependence of various responses of the oscillator.

Multiple nuclear polarization States in a double quantum dot.

We observe multiple stable states of nuclear polarization and nuclear self-tuning over a large range of fields in a double quantum dot under conditions of electron spin resonance. The observations can be understood within an elaborated theoretical rate equation model for the polarization in each of the dots, in the limit of strong driving. This model also captures unusual features of the data, such as fast switching and a "wrong" sign of polarization.

Coherent control of a single electron spin with electric fields.

Manipulation of single spins is essential for spin-based quantum information processing. Electrical control instead of magnetic control is particularly appealing for this purpose, because electric fields are easy to generate locally on-chip. We experimentally realized coherent control of a single-electron spin in a quantum dot using an oscillating electric field generated by a local gate.

Fully developed triplet proximity effect.

We present a model for the fully developed proximity effect in superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures. Within the circuit-theory approximation, we evaluate the Green functions, the density of states, and the Josephson current which depend essentially on the magnetic configuration.

Nuclear spin effect in a metallic spin valve.

We study electronic transport through a ferromagnet normal-metal ferromagnet system and we investigate the effect of hyperfine interaction between electrons and nuclei in the normal-metal part. A switching of the magnetization directions of the ferromagnets causes nuclear spins to precess. We show that the effect of this precession on the current through the system is large enough to be observed in experiment.

Quantum tunneling detection of two-photon and two-electron processes.

We analyze the operation of a quantum tunneling detector coupled to a coherent conductor. We demonstrate that, in a certain energy range, the output of the detector is determined by two-photon processes, two-interacting-electron processes, and the interference of the two. We show how the individual contributions of these processes can be resolved in experiments.

Full current statistics in the regime of weak coulomb interaction.

We evaluate the full statistics of the current via a Coulomb island that is strongly coupled to the leads. This strong coupling weakens Coulomb interaction. We show that in this case the effects of the interaction can be incorporated into the renormalization of transmission eigenvalues of the scatterers that connect the island and the leads.