Successful laparoscopic retroperitoneal tumor resection using mixed reality and guiding marker techniques.

Introduction: Small tumors may be difficult to identify visually and require preoperative effort to locate. Recent advancements in mixed reality technology have improved surgical accuracy in various departments. Here, we present the application of mixed reality-assisted surgery and a guiding marker in the case of small retroperitoneal metastasis of uterine cancer.

Oral 5-aminolevulinic acid administration before transurethral resection of bladder tumor induces perioperative nausea and vomiting.

Background: The efficacy of photodynamic diagnosis using 5-aminolevulinic acid during transurethral resection of bladder tumors has been demonstrated, albeit with limited information regarding its side effects. This study aimed to clarify the impact of oral 5-aminolevulinic acid on perioperative nausea and vomiting (NV) for the first time in a real-world clinical practice setting.

Methods: Patients who underwent transurethral surgery at Kagawa University between April 2017 and March 2020 were included.

A national questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists on treatment perspectives for elderly prostate cancer patients.

Objective: This study conducted a national questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists from a treatment perspective for older patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 922 teaching hospitals of the Japanese Urological Association. Questionnaire items included years of urologist experience, gender, workplace, treatment equipment owned, daily specialty practice area, urological cancer specialty, treatment reference items for older adults, upper age limit for radical treatment, medication, and two hypothetical cases of Gleason grade group 2 prostate cancer with or without oligometastasis.

Active surveillance in younger patients with prostate cancer: clinical characteristics including longitudinal patient-reported outcomes.

Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the active surveillance continuation period, treatment intervention rate and health-related quality of life in younger patients.

Methods: we prospectively conducted a health-related quality of life survey of patients enrolled in the Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance-JAPAN study at Kagawa University between January 2010 and December 2020. Health-related quality of life was assessed by mail using a validated Japanese version of the Short-Form 8 Health Survey and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index at active surveillance enrolment and annually thereafter until discontinuation of active surveillance.

A national questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists on active surveillance for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Objective: To conduct a national questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists on active surveillance (AS) for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 922 Japanese Urological Association Teaching Base Hospitals. The items included were years of experience as a urologist, sex, workplace, treatment equipment owned, specialty area of daily practice, specialty area of urological cancer, and six hypothetical cases of AS.

Pembrolizumab for treating advanced urothelial carcinoma in patients with impaired performance status: Analysis of a Japanese nationwide cohort.

Background: The benefits of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) and impaired performance status (PS) remain unknown. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab in patients with platinum-refractory UC and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group PS ≥2 to identify which subgroups may benefit from this drug.

Methods: This retrospective nationwide cohort study collected clinicopathological information for 755 patients from 59 institutions.

Ureteroiliac artery fistula caused by full-length metallic ureteral stenting in a malignant ureteral obstruction: a case report.

Background: The metallic stent is a new device for relieving the urinary tract in patients with malignant ureteral obstruction with short life expectancy and has been used frequently worldwide for its efficacy and safety. A ureteroarterial fistula with indwelling ureteral stent is rare but highly fatal, and there are several reports of ureteroarterial fistula treated by conventional polymer stents, although there are no reports on metallic stents. To our knowledge, this paper describes the first case of a ureteroiliac artery fistula caused by a full-length metallic ureteral stent in malignant ureteral obstruction.

Docetaxel chemotherapy temporarily improved pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy induced by prostate cancer secreting carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9: A case report.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare, rapidly progressive, and often fatal complication of cancer, particularly prostate cancer. A 67-year-old man with advanced prostate cancer developed dyspnea. Chest computed tomography revealed ground-glass opacities across bilateral lung fields, and echocardiography showed right heart failure.

A phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, tadalafil, suppresses stromal predominance and inflammation in a rat model of nonbacterial prostatitis.

Background: Chronic inflammation is thought to be a major causative factor for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5-I), which has been used for the treatment of BPH-LUTS in daily practice, is known to act at several urinary organs. In this study, focused on the prostate, we examined the effect of tadalafil on the pathological changes and inflammatory factors in a rat nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) model.