[The significance of the results of crash-tests with the use of the models of the pedestrians' lower extremities for the prevention of the traffic road accidents].

The disabling injuries inflicted during road traffic accidents (RTA) create a serious challenge for the public health services and are at the same time a major socio-economic problem in the majority of the countries throughout the world. The injuries to the lower extremities of the pedestrians make up the largest fraction of the total number of the non-lethal RTA injuries. Most of them are responsible for the considerable deterioration of the quality of life for the participants in the accidents during the subsequent period.

[Demonstration of the impossibility of simultaneous Dupuytren and Destot fractures in the result of the car-pedestrian collision].

This article reports the results of the commission forensic medical expertise undertaken to evaluate the possibility of severe injury to the ankle joint resulting from the road traffic accident as exemplified by the collision of a VAS 21043 car moving backward with a pedestrian. It was shown that the injury to the victim's right lower leg included the tear of the right crural deltoid ligament, the open communicated fracture of the lower third of fibular diaphysis with the displacement of the distal fragment, the lacerated wound in the lower third of the right leg, the rupture of distal tibiofibular synedesmosis, the closed communicated fracture of the posterior edge of the tibia without displacement, and outward subluxation of the right foot. According to the classification accepted in orthopedics , this variant of the injury to the ankle joint is a combination of the classical «complete» Dupuytren fracture and the Destot-type fracture.

[A case of unrecognized iatrogenic cardiac tamponade with the pareneteral nutrition fluid].

The authors describe the peculiarities of the commissionary expertise with respect to medical practice and the difficulties facing this procedure using as an example a case of the lethal outcome caused by the injury to the right atrium as a result of unrecognized iatrogenic cardiac tamponade with the pareneteral nutrition fluid administered through the catheterized subclavian vein. It was shown that the great variety and complexity of the problems arising in such expertises should draw enhanced attention not only of forensic medical experts but also medical law specialists and other legal practitioners. It is argued that the majority of the cases of the inadequate medical care provided to the patients as exemplified by the case of death of the 43 year-old patient B resulting from the application of the unsafe technique of catheterization of the main blood vessels are usually due to the subjective ("human") factors.