Receptor Activator of Nuclear Transcription Factor NF-κB (RANK), Its Ligand RANKL, and Natural Inhibitor of RANKL Osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the Blood Serum of Patients with Primary Bone Tumors.

The content of components of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system, the key regulator of homeostasis in the bone tissue, in blood serum samples from 199 patients with primary bone neoplasms and 131 practically healthy volunteers was measured by ELISA. Borderline giantcell tumor of the bone with high osteoclastogenic and osteolytic activity is characterized by an increase in the level of all components of this system and highest ratio of sRANKL/OPG in the blood serum. Study indexes in patients with various benign neoplasms and tumor-like bone lesions were lower than in patients with giant-cell tumor.

Morphological Studies of Hepatocellular Carcinomas in Male CBA Mice with High Liability to Cancer under the Effect of Phytoadaptogen.

Treatment of CBA mice predisposed to cancer with a complex phytoadaptogen in the therapeutic and preventive modes led to the appearance of moderate and low-differentiation hepato-cellular carcinomas infiltrated by leukocytes. Destructive signs were detected in tumor tissue.

Components of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system, IL-6, IL-8, IL-16, MMP-2, and calcitonin in the sera of patients with bone tumors.

Serum levels of sRANKL, RANK, OPG, IL-8, IL-6, IL-16, MMP-2, and calcitonin were measured by ELISA in patients with malignant, borderline, and benign bone tumors and in healthy individuals (control). Serum levels of RANK, OPG, IL-8, IL-6, and the OPG/sRANKL ratio were significantly higher, while the level of MMP-2 was significantly lower in patients with bone tumors than in controls. Serum concentration of IL-16 in osteosarcoma patients was significantly lower than in chondrosarcoma patients.