Nomogram for predicting venous thromboembolism after spinal surgery.

Purpose: This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), identifying potential risk factors, and providing theoretical basis for prevention of VTE after spinal surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2754 patients who underwent spinal surgery. The general characteristics of the training group were initially screened using univariate logistic analysis, and the LASSO method was used for optimal prediction.

Research Progress on Microbial Community Succession in the Postmortem Interval Estimation.

The postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is a key and difficult point in the practice of forensic medicine, and forensic scientists at home and abroad have been searching for objective, quantifiable and accurate methods of PMI estimation. With the development and combination of high-throughput sequencing technology and artificial intelligence technology, the establishment of PMI model based on the succession of the microbial community on corpses has become a research focus in the field of forensic medicine. This paper reviews the technical methods, research applications and influencing factors of microbial community in PMI estimation explored by using high-throughput sequencing technology, to provide a reference for the related research on the use of microbial community to estimate PMI.

Comparison of Application of MD-VF-Auto SEM Method and Plankton Gene Multiplex PCR System in the Diagnosis of Drowning.

Objectives: To compare the application effect of microwave digestion - vacuum filtration - automated scanning electron microscopy (MD-VF-Auto SEM) method and plankton gene multiplex PCR system in the diagnosis of drowning.

Methods: Lung, liver and kidney tissue of 10 non-drowning cases and 50 drowning cases were prepared for further MD-VF-Auto SEM method analysis and plankton gene multiplex PCR system analysis. The positive detection rate of the two methods in each tissue was calculated.

Application of Diatoms Quantitative Analysis in the Diagnosis of Drowning.

Objectives: To retrospectively analyze diatom test cases of corpses in water and discuss the value of quantitative analysis of diatoms in the diagnosis of drowning.

Methods: A total of 490 cases of water-related death were collected. They were divided into drowning group and postmortem immersion group according to the cause of death.

Effects of Digestive Temperature and Time on Diatom Test.

Objectives: To study the effects of temperature and time for diatoms digestion and find out suitable digestive temperature and time.

Methods: Eighty pieces of liver tissues were collected, each piece of tissue was 2 g, and 2 mL Pearl River water was added to each piece of tissue. The digestion temperature was set at 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 140 ℃, 160 ℃, 180 ℃ and the digestion time was set at 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 min.

Pathway of Diatoms Enter Experimental Rabbits through the Lymphatic System of the Digestive Tract.

Objectives: To study whether diatoms can enter the body through the lymphatic system of the digestive tract.

Methods: Twenty experimental rabbits were divided into the test group and the control group randomly, and intragastric administration was performed with 20 mL water sample from the Pearl River and 20 mL ultrapure water, respectively. After 30 min, lymph, lungs, livers and kidneys were extracted for the diatom test.

Evaluation of Inspection Efficiency of Diatom Artificial Intelligence Search System Based on Scanning Electron Microscope.

Objectives: To explore the application values of diatom artificial intelligence (AI) search system in the diagnosis of drowning.

Methods: The liver and kidney tissues of 12 drowned corpses were taken and were performed with the diatom test, the view images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Diatom detection and forensic expert manual identification were carried out under the thresholds of 0.

Retropharyngeal Reduction Plate for Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Cadaveric Test and Morphometric Trajectory Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the placement feasibility and safety of the newly designed retropharyngeal reduction plate by cadaveric test and to perform morphometric trajectory analysis.

Methods: The five cadaveric specimens with intact atlantoaxial joint were enrolled in this study. They were used for simulating the placement process and evaluating the placement feasibility of the retropharyngeal reduction plate.

Morphometric Trajectory Analysis for Occipital Condyle Screws.

Objectives: Occipitocervical fusion (OCF) is an effective treatment for instability of occipitocervical junction (OCJ). The occipital condyle screw serves as a novel surgical technique for occipitocervical fixation. However, the intraoperative procedures for the occipital condyle screw technique have relied on surgeons' experience, so the pool of surgeons who are able to perform this surgery safely is limited.

Validation of the Simplified Chinese-character Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form in Urban Community-dwelling Adults: a Cross-sectional Study in Hangzhou, China.

Objective: To assess the test-retest reliability and criterion validity of the Simplified Chinese-character version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long form (IPAQ-L) in urban community-dwelling adults in Hanghzou, China.

Methods: A total of 158 eligible participants aged 25-59 years from 6 neighbourhoods in two central districts of Hangzhou completed the IPAQ-L questionnaire twice within a 7-day interval. Half of the subjects wore pedometers during the first 7 days.

Objective assessment of urban built environment related to physical activity--development, reliability and validity of the China Urban Built Environment Scan Tool (CUBEST).

Background: Some aspects of the neighborhood built environment may influence residents' physical activity, which in turn, affects their health. This study aimed to develop an urban built environment evaluation tool and conduct necessary reliability and validity tests.

Methods: A 41-item urban built environment scan tool was developed to objectively assess the neighborhood built environment features related to physical activity.

[The values of different study designs on the levels of evidence: a descriptive analysis of the researches published in four general medical journals in 2009].

Objective: To discuss the levels of evidence provided by different study designs.

Methods: Websites of N Engl J Med, JAMA, Lancet, and BMJ were accessed to identify research articles (systematic review and meta-analysis included) published in 2009. A standardized data collection form was established using Epidata 3.