Additions to (Amphisphaeriales, Sporocadaceae) fungi: two new species and one new host record from China.

Background: In this study, three taxa were identified, associated with leaves of , and .

New Information: Based on morphology and multi-gene analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), beta-tubulin (TUB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), the five strains of represent two novel and one known species. They are introduced with descriptions, illustrations and notes herein.

Two new species of from southern China.

Background: Pestalotiopsis-like fungi are widely distributed in many plants and include endophytes, pathogens and saprobes. Five strains of were isolated from diseased leaves of (Principes, Palmae), and (Ericales, Ericaceae) and (Santalales, Olacaceae) in southern China.

New Information: Based on morphology and multi-gene (ITS, , ) phylogeny, our five strains of represent two new species and one extant species.

Urolithin A targets the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathways and prevents IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in human osteoarthritis: in vitro and in vivo studies.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, whose progression is closely related to the inflammatory environment. Urolithin A (UA), a natural metabolite of a class of compounds (ellagitannins and ellagic acid) found in pomegranates and other fruits and nuts, has been proved to exert anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of diseases. However, the exact role of UA in OA development is still unclear.

Comparison of reconstruction plate screw fixation and percutaneous cannulated screw fixation in treatment of Tile B1 type pubic symphysis diastasis: a finite element analysis and 10-year clinical experience.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the biomechanical properties and clinical outcomes of Tile B1 type pubic symphysis diastasis (PSD) treated by percutaneous cannulated screw fixation (PCSF) and reconstruction plate screw fixation (RPSF).

Materials And Methods: Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to compare the biomechanical properties between PCSF and RPSF. CT scan data of one PSD patient were used for three-dimensional reconstructions.

[Comparison of three fixation methods for the treatment of tibial fractures in adolescents].

Objective: To explore the fixation methods in treatment of tibial fracture in adolescents by comparing the results and complications of three fixation methods and to determine the factors related to those complications.

Methods: From January 2007 to January 2012, 83 diaphyseal tibial fractures in 79 adolescents were treated with elastic stable intramedullary nail fixation, plate fixation, or external fixation respectively. There were 55 males and 24 females with an average age of 13.

[Epigenetics of plant vernalization regulated by non-coding RNAs].

Many higher plants must experience a period of winter cold to accomplish the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. This biological process is called vernalization. Some crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

A novel class of heat-responsive small RNAs derived from the chloroplast genome of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa).

Background: Non-coding small RNAs play critical roles in various cellular processes in a wide spectrum of eukaryotic organisms. Their responses to abiotic stress have become a popular topic of economic and scientific importance in biological research. Several studies in recent years have reported a small number of non-coding small RNAs that map to chloroplast genomes.

Evidence that high activity of vacuolar invertase is required for cotton fiber and Arabidopsis root elongation through osmotic dependent and independent pathways, respectively.

Vacuolar invertase (VIN) has long been considered as a major player in cell expansion. However, direct evidence for this view is lacking due, in part, to the complexity of multicellular plant tissues. Here, we used cotton (Gossypium spp.

A novel method for constructing pathogen-regulated small RNA cDNA library.

Pathogen-responsive endogenous small non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression in relation to plant immune responses by serving as RNA silencing machinery. Decay caused by the bacterium, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc), often leads to soft rot disease in the plant Brassica campestris L.

[Analysis of shoot apical anatomic changes during the development of Brassica plants].

In this study, we analyzed shoot apical anatomic changes during the development of Brassica plants including cauliflower (Brasscia oleracea L.var. botrytis), broccoli (B.

[Uptake, transformation and degradation of organic pollutants in transgenic plants].

Organic pollutants are major contaminants of soil, water and air whereas phytoremediation is an efficient way to clean up the polluted environment. In recent years, a number of exogenous genes encoding the proteins with remediation activities have been introduced into plants, and transgenic plants with enhanced ability of bioremediation obtained. In this paper, recent achievements in the research on phytoremediation of environments polluted by organic pollutants, especially the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), is briefly described, and recent achievements and potential uses of transgenic plants in pollution remediation are discussed.

[Organic mercury tolerance, absorption and transformation in Spartina plants].

Critical concentration of methylmercuric chloride (MeHgCl) in the nutrient solution to which Spartina plants are tolerant is 15 micromol/L, three times higher than that of tobacco plants. After being treated with methylmercuric chloride, total quantity of organic mercury within plants increased and that of nutrient solution decreased greatly so that total quantity of inorganic mercury rose. It is inferred that Spartina plants absorb organic mercury and partially transform organic into inorganic mercury, and then more inorganic mercury is accumulated in underground parts of plants.

[Regulation to curd morphogenesis and genetics of exogenous BoCAL gene in cauliflower].

Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) and cabbage (B.