Comparative analysis and application of soft sensor models in domestic wastewater treatment for advancing sustainability.

This study focuses on the development and evaluation of soft sensor models for predicting NH-N values in a wastewater treatment process. The study compares the performance of linear regression (LR), neural networks (NN) and random forest regression (RFR) models. The proposed methodology involves optimizing the sequencing batch reactor process using artificial intelligence and an automatic control system.

Charting facial growth and development for Bantu Africans: Central tendencies, variational properties and sexual dimorphisms.

Current studies on facial growth and development have been largely based on European populations. Less studied are African populations, who because of their distinct genetic makeup and environmental conditions, provide deeper insights into patterns of facial development. Patterns of facial shape development in African populations remain largely uncharacterised.

Facial growth and development trajectories based on three-dimensional images: geometric morphometrics with a deformation perspective.

Developmental changes of facial shape are commonly investigated through geometric morphometrics. A limitation with this approach is the inability to investigate patterns of morphological changes at local scale. This could be addressed through quantifying the deformation required to deform one shape to another.

Hepatitis B virus core protein stabilizes RANGAP1 to upregulate KDM2A and facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis.

Purpose: As a vital component of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleocapsid, HBV core protein (HBC) contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we aimed to assess the effects of RANGAP1 and KDM2A on tumorigenesis induced by HBC.

Methods: Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) combined with mass spectrometry were utilized to identify the proteins with the capacity to interact with HBC.

Fasudil alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammation and improving neurotrophic factor expression in rats.

The Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil exerts neuroprotective effects. We previously showed that fasudil can regulate M1/M2 microglia polarization and inhibit neuroinflammation. Here, the therapeutic effect of fasudil on cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R) injury was investigated using the middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) model in Sprague‑Dawley rats.

Burden, Trends, and Inequality of Dental Caries in the U.S., 1990-2019.

Introduction: Over the past 2 decades in the U.S., the reduced burden and narrowed inequality in oral health among children are in stark contrast with the high burden and widening inequality in adult oral health.

Grape Seed Extract Attenuates Demyelination in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response of Immune Cells.

Objective: To examine the anti-inflammatory effect of grape seed extract (GSE) in animal and cellular models and explore its mechanism of action.

Methods: This study determined the inhibitory effect of GSE on macrophage inflammation and Th1 and Th17 polarization in vitro. Based on the in vitro results, the effects and mechanisms of GSE on multiple sclerosis (MS)-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice model were further explored.

Correction: Magnetoconductance modulations due to interlayer tunneling in radial superlattices.

Correction for 'Magnetoconductance modulations due to interlayer tunneling in radial superlattices' by Yu-Jie Zhong , , 2022, , 168-173, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NH00449B.

Neuroprotective effect of hyperoside in MPP/MPTP -induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the pathological loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, which causes an insufficient release of dopamine (DA) and then induces motor and nonmotor symptoms. Hyperoside (HYP) is a lignan component with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. In this study, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its active neurotoxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP) were used to induce dopaminergic neurodegeneration.

Bifunctional tetrazole-carboxylate ligand based Zn(ii) complexes: synthesis and their excellent potential anticancer properties.

Transition metal coordination complexes have provided cancer treatment with new insights to overcome the limitations of current chemotherapeutic agents. Utilization of bifunctional tetrazole-carboxylate ligands with Zn(ii) obtained two self-assembled complexes [Zn(HL)(bipy)(HO)]·CHOH·4(HO) (1) (HL = 1,3,5-tri(2-carboxymethyltetrazol-5-yl) benzene) and [Zn(L)(HO)]·2HO (2) (HL = (5-pyridin-3-yl-tetrazol-2-yl)-acetic acid). The X-ray diffraction results showed that the two complexes displayed a two-dimensional (2D) layer structure and a one-dimensional (1D) layer structure.

[Acupuncture ameliorates neurological function by suppressing microglia polarization and inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia in rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on microglia polarization and inflammatory reaction in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of CIRI.

Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, and acupuncture groups, with 10 rats in each group. The CIRI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) for 1 h, followed by reperfusion.

The effects and potential of microglial polarization and crosstalk with other cells of the central nervous system in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system. During the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, stimulatory factors continuously act on the microglia causing abnormal activation and unbalanced phenotypic changes; these events have become a significant and promising area of research. In this review, we summarize the effects of microglial polarization and crosstalk with other cells in the central nervous system in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Targeting the differentiation of astrocytes by Bilobalide in the treatment of Parkinson's disease model.

: The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease, is multifactorial but not fully unknown. Until now, no drug has been proven to have neuroprotective or neuroregenerative effects in patients with PD. : To observe the therapeutic potential of Bilobalide (BB), a constituent of ginkgo biloba, in MPTP-induced PD model, and explore its possible mechanisms of action.

Advantages of Rho-associated kinases and their inhibitor fasudil for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Ras homolog (Rho)-associated kinases (ROCKs) belong to the serine-threonine kinase family, which plays a pivotal role in regulating the damage, survival, axon guidance, and regeneration of neurons. ROCKs are also involved in the biological effects of immune cells and glial cells, as well as the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Previous studies by us and others confirmed that ROCKs inhibitors attenuated the symptoms and progression of experimental models of the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting neuroinflammation, regulating immune imbalance, repairing the blood-brain barrier, and promoting nerve repair and myelin regeneration.

Wuzi Yanzong pill attenuates MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Wuzi Yanzong Pill (WYP) was found to play a protective role on nerve cells and neurological diseases, however the molecular mechanism is unclear. To understand the molecular mechanisms that underly the neuroprotective effect of WYP on dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). PD mouse model was induced by the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).

The neuroprotective effects and transdifferentiation of astrocytes into dopaminergic neurons of Ginkgolide K on Parkinson' disease mice.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive movement disorder caused by the selective loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons of unknown etiology. Up to now, although there is a great development on treatments of PD, cures with neuroprotective or nerve regenerative effects are underway for PD patients. Here we reported neuroprotective effects of Ginkgolide K (GK) when mice were upon acute MPTP exposure, in which GK ameliorated the gait dysfunction and dopaminergic neuron loss.

Magnetoconductance modulations due to interlayer tunneling in radial superlattices.

Radial superlattices are nanostructured materials obtained by rolling up thin solid films into spiral-like tubular structures. The formation of these "high-order" superlattices from two-dimensional crystals or ultrathin films is expected to result in a transition of transport characteristics from two-dimensional to one-dimensional. Here, we show that a transport hallmark of radial superlattices is the appearance of magnetoconductance modulations in the presence of externally applied axial magnetic fields.

Temporal and spatial evolution of various functional neurons during demyelination induced by cuprizone.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report the temporal and spatial evolution of various functional neurons during demyelination in a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced mouse model. CPZ did not significantly induce the damage of axons and neurons after 2 wk of feeding.

A New Synthetic Methodology in the Preparation of Bimetallic Chalcogenide Clusters via Cluster-to-Cluster Transformations.

A decanuclear silver chalcogenide cluster, [Ag(Se){SeP(OPr)}] () was isolated from a hydride-encapsulated silver diisopropyl diselenophosphates, [Ag(H){SeP(OPr)}], under thermal condition. The time-dependent NMR spectroscopy showed that was generated at the first three hours and the hydrido silver cluster was completely consumed after thirty-six hours. This method illustrated as cluster-to-cluster transformations can be applied to prepare selenide-centered decanuclear bimetallic clusters, [CuAg(Se){SeP(OPr)}] (x = 0-7, ), via heating [CuAg(H){SeP(OPr)}] (x = 1-6) at 60 °C.

Doping effect on the structure and properties of eight-electron silver nanoclusters.

The bimetallic M and M compounds, {[CuAg{SP(OPr)}] [CuAg{SP(OPr)}]} ({[1a][1b]}) and [CuAg{SP(OPr)}](PF) (2), have been structurally characterized, in which the Cu(I) ions are randomly distributed on the eight outer positions capping the eight-electron [Ag] core. DFT calculations show that the statistical disorder results from the nearly neutral preference of copper to occupy any of the eight outer positions. Surprisingly, the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the M and M bimetallic nanoclusters display an almost identical absorption profile as that of their homometallic [Ag{SP(OPr)}] and [Ag{SP(OPr)}] relatives.

Effect of plastic film mulching and film residues on phthalate esters concentrations in soil and plants, and its risk assessment.

The application of plastic film mulching can greatly improve dryland productivity, while the release of toxic phthalate esters (PAEs) from the plastic film has generated concern. This study investigated the effects of mulched plastic film and residual plastic film on the PAE concentrations in the soil-crop system and assessed the risks to people eating crop products. The PAEs concentration in the 0-25 cm soil layer of plastic mulched farmland was 0.

The global, regional, and national burden of cancer among adolescents and young adults in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a population-based study.

Background: Accurate appraisal of burden of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) cancers is crucial to informing resource allocation and policy making. We report on the latest estimates of burden of AYA cancers in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019 in association with socio-demographic index (SDI).

Patients And Methods: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 were used to analyse incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to AYA cancers at global, regional, and national levels by sex.

Global, regional, and national burden of severe periodontitis, 1990-2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Aim: Up-to-date epidemiological studies on the global burden of severe periodontitis is scarce. This study aimed to present the latest estimates for prevalence of severe periodontitis from 1990 to 2019, by region, age, and level of socio-demographic development.

Materials And Methods: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 were used to investigate burden and trends of prevalence of severe periodontitis and its association with socio-demographic development at global, regional, and national level.

Fasudil enhances the phagocytosis of myelin debris and the expression of neurotrophic factors in cuprizone-induced demyelinating mice.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is mainly associated with the neuroinflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS), in which the failure of remyelination results in persistent neurological dysfunction. Fasudil, a typical Rho kinase inhibitor, has been exhibited beneficial effects on several models of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we showed that Fasudil promoted the uptake of myelin debris by microglia via cell experiments and through a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelinating model.