Publicly Available Imaging Datasets for Age-related Macular Degeneration: Evaluation according to the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) Principles.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss among older adults, affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. With no cure currently available and a rapidly increasing prevalence, emerging approaches such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) hold promise for advancing the study of AMD. The effective utilization of AI and ML in AMD research is highly dependent on access to high-quality and reusable clinical data.

Associations of protein intake with the risk of fractures: A prospective cohort study of UK biobank participants.

Purpose: To evaluate the associations between protein intake and fractures risk in a large population-based cohort.

Methods: We conducted a prospective population-based study of UK Biobank. Participants aged 40-69 who completed the Oxford WebQ dietary questionnaire at least once were included.

Tumor-derived exosomes induce neutrophil infiltration and reprogramming to promote T-cell exhaustion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

High neutrophil infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) have been proven to be important in the reprogramming of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), but the roles and mechanisms have not been fully clarified. The roles of HCC-exosome-reprogrammed neutrophils on tumor progression were evaluated in the DEN/CCl-induced HCC mouse model by blocking neutrophil infiltration, depleting neutrophil, and neutrophil adoptive transfer.

N6-methyladenosine RNA modified BAIAP2L2 facilitates extracellular vesicles-mediated chemoresistance transmission in gastric cancer.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced in the tumor microenvironment in response to chemotherapy promote chemotherapy-resistant phenotypes. However, the role of EVs proteins induced by gastric cancer (GC) cell chemotherapy in regulating chemotherapy resistance remains unclear.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the relationship between brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein-2-like protein 2 (BAIAP2L2) expression and chemotherapy resistance in advanced GC.

AMP1-1 derived from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz prevents bone aging triggered by lead and cadmium.

As the major pollutants of industrial wastewater, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contaminate the environment and lead to bone aging when combined. To elucidate the potential mechanism by which Pb and Cd accelerate bone aging and to screen effective protective agents, we determined the optimum concentrations of Pb and Cd to establish the aging models in vitro and in vivo. The successful establishment of aging models was confirmed through β-galactosidase (β-gal) staining, the detection of aging markers, and the evaluation of biomechanical parameters.

Age-related abnormalities in brain functional and molecular neuroimaging signatures in first-episode depression.

Abnormalities in resting-state brain activity have been demonstrated in depression patients with different ages, yet the age-related changes in dynamics of brain activity in depression are still limited. Here, we investigated the impacts of age on dynamics of brain activity and the molecular architecture. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance images were obtained from 138 first-episode depression patients and 120 healthy volunteers.

Synthesis and Imaging of Novel CDK19-Targeted Tracers Incorporating an Albumin-Binding Moiety.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 19 (CDK19) is a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. We have previously studied a series of CDK19-targeted PET tracers, but in-depth drug optimization is needed to improve the physiochemical properties of such large and polar tracers. The albumin strategy has received widespread attention in recent years, and we synthesized Ga-IRM-14a and Ga-IRM-14b based on the strategy.

Identification and Expression Analysis of the Soybean Serine Acetyltransferase () Gene Family Under Salt Stress.

Serine acetyltransferase (SAT) is a critical enzyme in the sulfur-assimilation pathway of cysteine, playing an essential role in numerous physiological functions in plants, particularly in their response to environmental stresses. However, the structural characteristics of the soybean gene family remain poorly understood. Members of the soybean gene family were identified using the Hidden Markov Model approach.

Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Benzoic Acids in Fruit Juices Using Hydrophilic Metal-Organic Framework MIL-101(Cr) Coated with Magnetic Nanoparticles.

In this study, magnetic FeO-coated metal-organic framework composites, CONH-MIL-101(Cr)/FeO, were synthesized by depositing FeO particles on the surface of amidated MIL-101(Cr). The scanning electron microscope images show that the MIL-101(Cr) crystals were uniformly coated by FeO particles. The magnetic hysteresis curve of CONH-MIL-101(Cr)/FeO reveals a saturated magnetization value of 23.

SVLearn: a dual-reference machine learning approach enables accurate cross-species genotyping of structural variants.

Structural variations (SVs) are diverse forms of genetic alterations and drive a wide range of human diseases. Accurately genotyping SVs, particularly occurring at repetitive genomic regions, from short-read sequencing data remains challenging. Here, we introduce SVLearn, a machine-learning approach for genotyping bi-allelic SVs.

Unraveling the mechanism of fouling mitigation in AGS-MBR system: From AGS properties to foulant interactions.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has demonstrated a lower fouling propensity than floc sludge in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) due to various hypotheses, including differences in particle size and the efficacy of physical scouring. However, controversy exists regarding the dominant cause of this lower fouling. Therefore, in this work, we systematically investigated the contribution of four potential mechanisms of AGS on membrane fouling alleviation in MBRs: 1) loosening cake layer; 2) scouring of the membrane surface; 3) regulating soluble microbial product (SMP) secretion; and 4) changing the rheology of the bulk solution.

The association between childhood maltreatment and school bullying behaviors among Chinese adolescents: A latent class analysis.

Background: Existing studies primarily examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and bullying behaviors from an accumulative perspective. However, there is limited understanding of this relationship when adolescents experience combined forms of childhood maltreatment, particularly in the context of varying residential environments.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify latent patterns of childhood maltreatment and examine their association with bullying behaviors among Chinese adolescents.

Hierarchical Synergetic Strategy for Iontronic Pressure Sensors with High Sensitivity and Broad Linearity Range.

Flexible iontronic pressure sensors have attracted extensive attention in intelligent robots and wearable healthcare devices for their flexible properties and sensing functions. Introducing surface microstructures in iontronic pressure sensors has remarkably enhanced sensitivity, whereas achieving flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity over a broad linear range remains challenging. Here, we propose a hierarchical synergetic strategy for flexible iontronic pressure sensors by combining hemisphere and porous microstructure, realizing high sensitivity (9.

Efficacy and safety analysis of atezolizumab continuation beyond progression in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients. However, many patients eventually develop resistance to immunotherapy. While continued ICI therapy beyond disease progression has shown survival benefits in various cancers, research specific to ES-SCLC remains limited.

Linoleic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by promoting TLR4 regulated autophagy in murine RAW264.7 macrophages.

Linoleic acid (LA), an essential fatty acid, has emerged as a pivotal regulator in disorders associated with inflammation in recent years; however, the underlying mechanisms are still not completely understood. We utilized network pharmacology and experimental methodologies to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of LA. Our network pharmacology analysis revealed that LA shares common targets with sepsis.

Vertical distributions of dimethyl sulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate and impacts of DMSP lyase and bacteria in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.

Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a degradation product of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), is a significant trace gas influencing global temperature. This study examined the distribution of DMSP lyase activity (DLA) and the degradation of DMSP and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by bacteria to elucidate the influences of DMSP lyase and bacteria on the distributions of DMS and DMSP in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during the summer. We observed that DMS and DMSP concentrations in transect B, located near the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass, declined with deepening water depth, coinciding with the changing trend of the temperatures.

The role of wheezing subtypes in the development of early childhood asthma.

Background: Early childhood wheezing is associated with asthma risk at later ages, emphasizing the need for understanding wheezing patterns and their implications for asthma development.

Methods: Children in the F2-generation (n = 603) of the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (IOWBC) were followed-up at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 72 months. Prevalence of wheeze and wheeze type (general, infectious, and non-infectious) were recorded.

Spatiotemporal optical vortex harmonics in an epsilon-near-zero ITO film.

When an intense few-cycle spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) laser propagates through an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film, the vortex harmonic generations are theoretically investigated by numerically solving the full-wave Maxwell-paradigmatic-Kerr equations. It is shown that the fork-shaped dislocation in the spatiotemporal domain becomes center-asymmetric, and the accompanying harmonic radiation is significantly enhanced when the incident laser frequency is within the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) frequency region of the ITO film. Specially, the accompanying harmonic radiation presents an obvious bright stripe of spatiospectral tilt as the consequence of a spatial chirp, and the corresponding phase spatiotemporal profile of harmonic radiation displays multiple spiral phase periods of 2π.

Isolation of Bacillus cereus and its probiotic effect on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal barrier protection of broilers.

Probiotics are effective for improving poultry health. Probiotic Bacillus cereus strains are widely used to improve animal health by stimulating the immune system. In this study, we obtained a B.

Effects of dietary Inonotus obliquus fermentation products supplementation on meat quality and antioxidant capacity of finishing pigs.

This study aimed to investigate the supplementation of finishing pigs with Inonotus obliquus fermentation products (IOFP) on the meat quality, amino acid and fatty acid composition, muscle fiber characteristics, and antioxidant capacity. Eighteen healthy castrated piglets were randomly divided into three groups and fed a basal diet or supplemented with IOFP (obliquus (Chaga fungus) products fermented for 3 or 7 days (IOFP-3 and IOFP-7) at 8 g per kg feed). The results demonstrated that, compared to the control group, IOFP significantly increased the pH from 5.

A modified approach for treating zygomatic arch fracture with plate fixation: a retrospective study.

Background: Zygomatic complex fractures are prevalent among maxillofacial bone injuries due to the prominence of the zygomatic arch, which can significantly impact facial aesthetics and the ability to open the mouth. Although non-surgical interventions are available for mild cases, severe fractures necessitate surgical intervention. The surgical repair of zygomatic arch fractures poses a risk of injuring the temporal branch of the facial nerve (TBFN).

Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab Treatment for Anti-NMDA Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis (OFF-AE): A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objective: Ofatumumab presents a potentially promising alternative to current second-line immunotherapy for refractory anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR-AE). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab as a novel second-line immunotherapy for NMDAR-AE.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter, nested cohort study compared patients with NMDAR-AE from the CHina Autoimmune encephalitiS outcomE study registry (CHASE) recruited between October 2011 and February 2024, treated with and without ofatumumab.

Chaihuang Qingfu Pills Protect Against Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury Through MMP9-NLRP3-Pyroptosis Pathway.

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis associated with acute lung injury (SAP-ALI) is a critical condition with a high mortality rate. Investigating the pathogenesis of SAP-ALI and developing effective treatments are urgently needed. Chaihuang Qingfu Pills (CHQF), a traditional Chinese medicine modified from Qingyi Decoction, has been approved for treating acute pancreatitis (AP).

Effects of comprehensive intervention models on cognitive frailty in community-dwelling older adults: A 12-month follow-up study.

Background: Cognitive frailty (CF) is of concern because of its high prevalence in older population and its close association with adverse health outcomes. However, interventions against CF in China are relatively simple. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of comprehensive interventions on CF in community-dwelling older adults.