[IgG4-related ophthalmopathy].

IgG4-related disease is a chronic inflammatory fibrosing disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of volumetric lesions that can clinically simulate malignant tumors, a pronounced IgG4-positive lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, and an increase in the level of IgG4 in the blood serum. A special form of the disease is IgG4-related ophthalmopathy, which requires differential diagnosis with inflammatory pseudotumor, lymphoma and granulomatous polyangiitis. 7 clinical cases of IgG4-related ophthalmopathy are presented.

[The morphological characteristics and immunophenotype of renal cell carcinomas with eosinophilic cytoplasm].

Unlabelled: Eosinophilic cellular renal cell carcinomas embrace a wide range of histological types described in the 2016 WHO International Classification of Kidney Tumors. A variety of histological manifestations associated with the features of tumor morphogenesis in this group poses difficulties in differential diagnosis.

Aim: to investigate the morphological and immunophenotypic features of rare types of renal cell carcinomas with eosinophilic cytoplasm.

[Morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the molecular subtypes of urothelial carcinomas].

Unlabelled: The molecular subtypes of urothelial carcinoma in each classification scheme have characteristic immunohistochemical features. At the same time, the results of conducted studies often demonstrate a discrepancy between the genomic profile of urothelial carcinoma and its immunophenotype, which complicates the immunohistochemical verification of the molecular subtypes of these tumors.

Objective: To compare the morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of the molecular subtypes of urothelial carcinoma.

[Markers of stem cells and their prognostic values for urothelial carcinomas of the urinary tract].

Unlabelled: The fundamental question about the origin of cancer stem cells of urothelial carcinomas with luminal remains open. So far, no convincing evidence has been found to determine whether these events occur in a single cell, presumably basal, or are realized in different precursor cells of the urothelium. The potential of a number of potential stem markers as cancer stem cells in urothelial carcinomas and their prognostic significance are currently being investigated.

[Comparative morphological characteristics and immunophenotype of urothelial carcinomas of the renal pelvis and bladder].

Unlabelled: Urothelial carcinoma is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumors of the bladder and upper urinary tract, which ranks seventh in the pattern of cancer. Urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis is less common; but has a more aggressive clinical course and a worse prognosis than that of the bladder. This is due to the clinical and morphological features of this form of cancer, which, unlike bladder cancer, have not been studied enough.