Immunoglobulin G4-related spinal pachymeningitis: A case report.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a complex immune-mediated condition that causes fibrotic inflammation in several organs. A significant clinical feature of IgG4-RD is hypertrophic pachymeningitis, which manifests as inflammation of the dura mater in intracranial or spinal regions. Although IgG4-RD can affect multiple areas, the spine is a relatively rare site compared to the more frequent involvement of intracranial structures.

Effects of robot exoskeletal-assisted gait training on gait ability in a pediatric patient with peripheral polyneuropathy: a case report.

[Purpose] This study aims to investigate the effects of robotic exoskeleton-assisted gait training on a pediatric patient with peripheral polyneuropathy. [Participant and Methods] A 10-year-old boy with lower extremity weakness attributed to peripheral polyneuropathy underwent a two-week program comprising 10 rehabilitation sessions of powered robotic exoskeleton-assisted gait training (REGT). He was evaluated before and after treatment using the 10-meter walk test, 6-minute walk test, Berg Balance Scale, the Timed Up and Go Test, the Functional Reach Test, the Modified Functional Reach Test, hip and knee flexion/extension angles, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Effect of Pre- and Post-Dialysis Exercise on Functional Capacity Using Portable Ergometer in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Objective: To assess whether performing exercises during hemodialysis reduces the risk of developing intradialytic hypotension and enhances exercise capacity in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Methods: This study included patients aged ≥18 years undergoing hemodialysis. Participants performed exercises using a portable lower extremity ergometer during hemodialysis sessions for 3 weeks.

Therapeutic efficacy and safety of home-based portable laser irradiation on patients with wrist pain: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study is to confirm the effect of small, portable low-level laser therapy (light sources in square configuration: 830 nm GaAs diode 3.2 mW at the center, 4 × 650 nm InGaAIP diodes over the corners) treatment in reducing and enhancing hand function in patients with wrist pain. This study was a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled, and home-based self-therapy trial.

Early Mobilization and Rehabilitation of Critically-Ill Patients.

Post-intensive care unit (ICU) syndrome may occur after ICU treatment and includes ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW), cognitive decline, and mental problems. ICU-AW is muscle weakness in patients treated in the ICU and is affected by the period of mechanical ventilation. Diaphragmatic weakness may also occur because of respiratory muscle unloading using mechanical ventilators.

Ipsilateral Motor Evoked Potentials in a Preschool-age Child With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report.

To the best of our knowledge, the upper age limit at which post-neonatal cerebral palsy (CP) can manifest remains uncertain. This uncertainty is attributed to the lack of objective parameters for assessing the developing brain. In a previous study, we reported that an ipsilateral corticospinal projection associated with brain injury, as manifested in the paretic hand of a CP patient, had never been observed in individuals aged > 2 years.

Neuromuscular complications of the lower extremity after thrombectomy in a patient with superficial femoral artery occlusion: Case series.

Background: Ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury may result in rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome when blood supply returns after thrombectomy for patients with acute limb ischemia.

Objective: We highlight the value of early diagnosis and treatment in post-thrombectomy patients with IR injuries in their lower legs.

Case Description: Two patients received thrombectomy due to left superficial femoral artery occlusion.

Importance of proper ventilator support and pulmonary rehabilitation in obese patients with heart failure: Two case reports.

Background: The optimal treatment for heart failure (HF) is a combination of appropriate medications. Controlling the disease using only medical therapy is difficult in patients with HF, severe hypercapnia, and desaturation. These patients should first receive ventilator support followed by pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).

Effects of Home Based Serious Game Training (Brain Talk™) in the Elderly With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Randomized, a Single-Blind, Controlled Trial.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) increases with aging society. Serious games may be effective in improving cognitive function in patients with MCI; however, research on their effects remains insufficient. This study aimed to confirm the efficacy and safety of cognitive rehabilitation training using a serious game (Brain Talk™) for the elderly with MCI.

Comparison of intermittent pneumatic compression device and compression stockings for workers with leg edema and pain after prolonged standing: a prospective crossover clinical trial.

Background: During prolonged standing, insufficient calf muscle pumping accompanies venous stasis and hypertension in the lower legs, resulting in valve dysfunction, venous wall problems, and sub-sequent inflammation. Compression therapy, which includes medical compression stockings (MCS) and mechanical intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for treating chronic venous diseases. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effect among resting, IPC and MCS alone, and IPC with MCS in long-standing workers (> 8 h daily).

Recovery of brachial plexus injury after bronchopleural fistula closure surgery based on electrodiagnostic study: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Axillary thoracotomy and muscle flap are muscle- and nerve-sparing methods among the surgical approaches to bronchopleural fistula (BPF). However, in patients who are vulnerable to a nerve compression injury, nerve injury may occur. In this report, we present a unique case in which the brachial plexus (division level), suprascapular, and long thoracic nerve injury occurred after BPF closure surgery in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis and concomitant multiple joint contractures.

Aggravation of dysphagia after surgical removal of anterior cervical osteophytes: a case report.

Dysphagia induced by anterior cervical osteophytes (ACOs) is frequently reported in older individuals. Surgical resection of ACOs is considered when conservative treatment fails, but its effectiveness is controversial owing to side effects after surgery. We present the case of a 78-year-old man who complained of progressive dysphagia that started 10 months previously.

Motor organization of unilateral polymicrogyria associated with ipsilateral brainstem atrophy - a case report.

Background: Polymicrogyria refers to the disruption of normal cerebral cortical development late in neuronal migration or in early cortical organization. Although patients with polymicrogyria feature relatively favorable motor outcomes, polymicrogyric lesions accompanied by extensive unilateral hemispheric atrophy and ipsilateral brainstem atrophy may induce poorer motor outcomes. This study is the first to employ transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to characterize changes to motor organization and white matter tracts induced by polymicrogyria.

Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Enhance Cognition in Stroke: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising tool for improving poststroke cognitive function. Home-based rehabilitation is increasingly required for patients with stroke, and additional benefits are expected if supplemented with remotely supervised tDCS (RS-tDCS). We evaluated the cognitive improvement effect and feasibility of RS-tDCS in patients with chronic stroke.

The efficacy of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on articular cartilage and clinical evaluations in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: While a number of preclinical studies have examined the effectiveness of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as a potential treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA), there have been few clinical studies which have indirectly confirmed cartilage regeneration by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Objective: The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate whether LIPUS effectively increased knee cartilage thickness and improved pain and function in knee OA patients.

Methods: This study was a prospective, single-group, home-based self-therapy trial.

Association of bladder trabeculation and neurogenic bladder with spinal cord injury.

Objective: To compare clinical findings and urodynamic parameters according to trabeculation grade and analyze their correlations with trabeculation severity in neurogenic bladder caused by suprasacral spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of neurogenic bladder caused by SCI. Bladder trabeculation grade was compared with SCI-related clinical parameters and bladder-related urodynamic parameters.

Effects of Low-Frequency Whole-Body Vibration on Muscle Activation, Fatigue, and Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Young Adults: A Single-Group Repeated-Measures Controlled Trial.

Context: Whole-body vibration (WBV) training improves muscle strength and balance. Few studies have focused on the effects of WBV frequencies below 30 Hz. We aimed to investigate the effect of low-frequency WBV training on muscle activity, fatigue recovery, and oxygen consumption (VO2).

Respiratory failure after scoliosis correction surgery in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome: Two case reports.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing, including hypoventilation and obstructive sleep apnea, is often observed in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Particularly in adolescence, scoliosis causes a progressive restrictive pulmonary pattern, leading to hypoventilation, so timely corrective surgery is required. However, the effect is controversial.

Disruption of sensation-dependent bladder emptying due to bladder overdistension in a complete spinal cord injury: A case report.

Background: Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) can be a life-threatening condition in patients with spinal cord injury. It is important to prevent bladder overdistension in these patients as it may trigger AD. Sensation-dependent bladder emptying (SDBE), as a method of bladder management, improves the quality of life and allows physiologic voiding.

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Functional Status Score for the ICU after translation and cross-cultural adaptation.

Purpose: The Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) evaluates the physical function of ICU patients. The objective of the study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the FSS-ICU into Korean and assess its reliability and validity.

Methods: An expert committee supervised the forward and backward translation process and the final translated version.

Timing-Dependent Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Hand Motor Function in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Study.

The timing of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is essential for enhancing motor skill learning. Previously, tDCS, before or concurrently, with motor training was evaluated in healthy volunteers or elderly patients, but the optimal timing of stimulation has not been determined. In this study, we aimed to optimize the existing tDCS protocols by exploring the timing-dependent stimulation effects on finger movements in healthy individuals.

Motor Organization in Schizencephaly: Outcomes of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Motor Tract Projections Correlate with the Different Domains of Hand Function.

Objective: Schizencephaly is a rare congenital malformation that causes motor impairment. To determine the treatment strategy, each domain of the motor functions should be appropriately evaluated. We correlated a color map of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with the hand function test (HFT) to identify the type of hand function that each test (DTI and TMS) reflects.

Efficacy of an Integrated Training Device in Improving Muscle Strength, Balance, and Cognitive Ability in Older Adults.

Objective: To determine the effects of an integrated training device for strength and balance on extremity muscle strength, postural balance, and cognition in older adults using a combination with various rehabilitation training games, in which balance, strength, and cognitive training were configured in a single device.

Methods: This prospective study included 20 healthy participants aged 65-85 years. Participants trained for 30 minutes daily, 3 days weekly, for 6 weeks with an integrated training device for strength and balance (SBT-120; Man&Tel Inc.

Intermittent pneumatic compression for prolonged standing workers with leg edema and pain.

Even healthy individuals often encounter leg venous symptoms such as heaviness, pain, and swelling especially after prolonged standing work. Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is a widely used simple therapy for preventing deep vein thrombosis and for treating lymphedema and chronic venous insufficiency. However, IPC has not been evaluated for its effect in relieving venous symptoms of healthy people.