Clinical application of reserved gastric tube in neuroendoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary tumor.

Background: The neuroendoscopic approach has the advantages of a clear operative field, convenient tumor removal, and less damage, and is the development direction of modern neurosurgery. At present, transnasal surgery for sphenoidal pituitary tumor is widely used. But it has been found in clinical practice that some patients with this type of surgery may experience post-operative nausea and vomiting and other discomforts.

Case Report: Endoscopic trans-cerebellar medullary fissure approach for the management of brainstem hemorrhage.

Objective: Brainstem hematoma (BSH) is a high-risk condition that can lead to deadly and disabling consequences if not properly managed. However, recent advances in endoscopic techniques, employed for removing supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage have shown significant improvements in operative morbidity and mortality rates compared to other approaches. In this study, we demonstrate the utility and feasibility of the endoscopic trans-cerebellar medullary fissure approach for the management of brain stem hemorrhage in carefully selected patients.

Positioning and design by computed tomography imaging in neuroendoscopic surgery of patients with chronic subdural hematoma.

Background: Neuroendoscopy is a very useful technique to Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSH). But how to achieve the goal of treatment more minimally invasive?

Aim: To develop a simple, fast and accurate preoperative planning method in our way for endoscopic surgery of patients with CSH.

Methods: From June 2018 to May 2020, forty-two patients with CSH, admitted to our hospital, were performed endoscopic minimally invasive surgery; computed tomography (CT) imaging was employed to locate the intracerebral hematoma and select the appropriate endoscopic approach before the endoscopic surgery.

Identification of a multidimensional transcriptome signature for survival prediction of postoperative glioblastoma multiforme patients.

Background: Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is a devastating brain tumor with maximum surgical resection, radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) as the standard treatment. Diverse clinicopathological and molecular features are major obstacles to accurate predict survival and evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Reliable prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed for postoperative GBM patients.

MMP-9 inhibitor SB-3CT attenuates behavioral impairments and hippocampal loss after traumatic brain injury in rat.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of SB-3CT, a matrix metallopeptidase 9 inhibitor, on behavioral and histological outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15/group): TBI with SB-3CT treatment, TBI with saline, and sham injury. The TBI model was induced by a fluid percussion TBI device.

Usefulness of dual-energy computed tomography imaging in the differential diagnosis of sellar meningiomas and pituitary adenomas: preliminary report.

Objective: To quantitatively assess the imaging characteristics of sellar lesion in dual-energy computed tomography (CT) imaging for differentiation of sellar meningiomas and pituitary adenomas during the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP).

Materials And Methods: 51 patients with sellar/parasellar tumors (33 macroadenomas and 18 meningiomas) were examined with CT spectral imaging during the AP and the VP. Iodine concentrations were derived from iodine-based material-decomposition CT images and normalized to the iodine concentration in the aorta.

Endovascular treatment of the extracranial carotid pseudoaneurysms resulting from stab penetrating injury using overlapping bare stents.

Injury pertaining to the common carotid artery may result in complete or partial arterial transection, pseudoaneurysms, or arteriovenous connections. Endovascular treatment option of the pseudoaneurysm has already been established with favorable success rate and minimal morbidity. Our purpose is to report one 18-year-old male patient having 2 traumatic pseudoaneurysms as a result of penetrating stab injury in the extracranial common carotid.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy after aborted retropubic radical prostatectomy.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) has surged in popularity since US Food and Drug Administration approval in 2000. Advantages include improved visualization and increased instrument dexterity within the pelvis. Obesity and narrow pelves have been associated with increased difficulty during open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), but the robotic platform theoretically allows one to perform a radical prostatectomy despite these challenges.

Migration of neural stem cells to ischemic brain regions in ischemic stroke in rats.

An established rat model of ischemic stroke, produced by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R), was used in the evaluation of organ migration of intra-arterial (IA) transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Immediately after transplantation, ischemic rats (n=8) transplanted with either NSCs (MCAO/R+NSC group) or NSC growth medium (MCAO/R+medium group) exhibited neurological dysfunction but rats in a sham+NSCs group (n=5) did not. During the post-operative period, neurological function improved to a similar extent in both MCAO/R groups.

The current status of robotic oncologic surgery.

The use of robotic assistance facilitates minimally invasive surgery and has been widely adopted across multiple specialties. This article reviews the published literature on use of this technology for treatment of oncologic conditions. PubMed searches were performed for articles published between 2000 and 2012 using the keywords "robotic" or "robotic surgery" in conjunction with "oncology" or "cancer.

Effect of minimizing tension during robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy on urinary function recovery.

Objectives: Although most prostatectomy studies emphasize optimal nerve-sparing dissection planes, subtle technical variation also affects functional outcomes. The impact of minimizing assistant/surgeon tension on urinary function has not been quantified. We assess urinary function after attenuating neurovascular bundle (NVB) and rhabdosphincter tension during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Activations of GABAergic signaling, HSP70 and MAPK cascades are involved in baicalin's neuroprotection against gerbil global ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Baicalin, a flavonoid compound isolated from the plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is known as a protective agent against delayed neuronal cell death after ischemia/reperfusion. To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of baicalin, the present study was conducted to explore whether the alterations of GABAergic signaling, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were involved in its neuroprotection on gerbils global ischemia. The bilateral carotid arteries were occluded by 5 min and baicalin at the dose of 200 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected into the gerbils immediately after cerebral ischemia.

Hospital surgical volume, utilization, costs and outcomes of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testis cancer.

Objectives. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) outcomes for testis cancer originate mostly from single-center series. We characterized population-based utilization, costs, and outcomes and assessed whether higher volume affects outcomes.

Comparative analysis of outcomes and costs following open radical cystectomy versus robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy: results from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

Background: Although robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy (RARC) was first reported in 2003 and has gained popularity, comparisons with open radical cystectomy (ORC) are limited to reports from high-volume referral centers.

Objective: To compare population-based perioperative outcomes and costs of ORC and RARC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective observational cohort study using the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample to characterize 2009 RARC compared with ORC use and outcomes.

Technical refinement and learning curve for attenuating neurapraxia during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy to improve sexual function.

Background: While radical prostatectomy surgeon learning curves have characterized less blood loss, shorter operative times, and fewer positive margins, there is a dearth of studies characterizing learning curves for improving sexual function. Additionally, while learning curve studies often define volume thresholds for improvement, few of these studies demonstrate specific technical modifications that allow reproducibility of improved outcomes.

Objective: Demonstrate and quantify the learning curve for improving sexual function outcomes based on technical refinements that reduce neurovascular bundle displacement during nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Hospital volume, utilization, costs and outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: Although robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has been aggressively marketed and rapidly adopted, there is a paucity of population based utilization, outcome and cost data. High vs low volume hospitals have better outcomes for open and minimally invasive radical prostatectomy (robotic or laparoscopic) but to our knowledge volume outcomes effects for robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy alone have not been studied.

Materials And Methods: We characterized robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy outcome by hospital volume using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample during the last quarter of 2008.

Use, costs and comparative effectiveness of robotic assisted, laparoscopic and open urological surgery.

Purpose: Although robotic assisted laparoscopic surgery has been aggressively marketed and rapidly adopted, there are few comparative effectiveness studies that support its purported advantages compared to open and laparoscopic surgery. We used a population based approach to assess use, costs and outcomes of robotic assisted laparoscopic surgery vs laparoscopic surgery and open surgery for common robotic assisted urological procedures.

Materials And Methods: From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample we identified the most common urological robotic assisted laparoscopic surgery procedures during the last quarter of 2008 as radical prostatectomy, nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy and pyeloplasty.

Temporal national trends of minimally invasive and retropubic radical prostatectomy outcomes from 2003 to 2007: results from the 100% Medicare sample.

Background: Although the use of minimally invasive radical prostatectomy (MIRP) has increased, there are few comprehensive population-based studies assessing temporal trends and outcomes relative to retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP).

Objective: Assess temporal trends in the utilization and outcomes of MIRP and RRP among US Medicare beneficiaries from 2003 to 2007.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A population-based retrospective study of 19 594 MIRP and 58 638 RRP procedures was performed from 2003 to 2007 from the 100% Medicare sample, composed of almost all US men ≥ 65 yr of age.

Comparative effectiveness of cryotherapy vs brachytherapy for localised prostate cancer.

Unlabelled: Despite the increased popularity of emerging therapies for localised prostate cancer, such as cryotherapy and brachytherapy, outcomes data remains sparse beyond single-centre comparative studies. The present study identified that although less costly, cryotherapy was associated with more urinary and ED complications and a greater need for salvage ADT. Conversely, cryotherapy was associated with fewer bowel complications.

Partial clamping of the renal artery during robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: technique and initial outcomes.

Purpose: We describe the feasibility of partial arterial clamping (PAC) during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).

Patients And Methods: We undertook a retrospective study of five patients who underwent PAC vs 17 who underwent complete hilar clamping (CHC). Estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion rate, operative/console time, warm ischemia time (WIT), pathology, and postoperative glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were compared.

Comparison of outpatient narcotic prescribing patterns after minimally invasive versus retropubic and perineal radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: Studies comparing pain after minimally invasive vs retropubic and perineal radical prostatectomy are conflicting. We characterized population based outpatient narcotic prescribing patterns after minimally invasive, retropubic and perineal radical prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated outpatient prescription data after minimally invasive, retropubic and perineal radical prostatectomy from 2003 to 2006 using MarketScan®.

Stepwise approach for nerve sparing without countertraction during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: technique and outcomes.

Background: Although subtle technical variation affects potency preservation during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP), most prostatectomy studies focus on achieving the optimal anatomic nerve-sparing dissection plane. However, the impact of active assistant/surgeon neurovascular bundle (NVB) countertraction on sexual function outcomes has not been studied or quantified.

Objective: To illustrate technique and compare sexual function outcomes for nerve sparing without (NS-0C) versus with (NS-C) assistant and/or surgeon NVB countertraction.