Dexamethasone plus oseltamivir versus dexamethasone in treatment-naive primary immune thrombocytopenia: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune bleeding disorder. Preclinical reports suggest that the sialidase inhibitor oseltamivir induces a platelet response in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia. This study investigated the activity and safety of dexamethasone plus oseltamivir versus dexamethasone alone as initial treatment in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Nuclear DEK preserves hematopoietic stem cells potential via NCoR1/HDAC3-Akt1/2-mTOR axis.

The oncogene DEK is found fused with the NUP214 gene creating oncoprotein DEK-NUP214 that induces acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients, and secreted DEK protein functions as a hematopoietic cytokine to regulate hematopoiesis; however, the intrinsic role of nuclear DEK in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) remains largely unknown. Here, we show that HSCs lacking DEK display defects in long-term self-renew capacity, eventually resulting in impaired hematopoiesis. DEK deficiency reduces quiescence and accelerates mitochondrial metabolism in HSCs, in part, dependent upon activating mTOR signaling.

Antihuman CD44 antibody BJ18 inhibits platelet phagocytosis by correcting aberrant FcɣR expression and M1 polarization in immune thrombocytopenia.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune hemorrhagic disease with a low platelet count. CD44 is a pivotal component involved in phagocytosis and inflammation, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against CD44 have been shown to be beneficial in several autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we investigated the correlation between CD44 levels and disease severity in patients with ITP and explored the immunomodulatory mechanisms of the antihuman CD44 mAb BJ18 on platelet phagocytosis mediated by monocytes/macrophages.

Low-Dose Decitabine Inhibits Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes-Mediated Platelet Destruction Modulating PD-1 Methylation in Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)-mediated platelet destruction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) signaling can turn off autoreactive T cells and induce peripheral tolerance. Herein, we found that the expression of PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 on CD8 T cells from ITP patients was decreased.

Co-Inhibition of the Immunoproteasome Subunits LMP2 and LMP7 Ameliorates Immune Thrombocytopenia.

The immunoproteasome, a special isoform of the 20S proteasome, is expressed when the cells receive an inflammatory signal. Immunoproteasome inhibition proved efficacy in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the role of the immunoproteasome in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) remains unknown.

Efficacy and safety of new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies versus rituximab for induction therapy of CD20 B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rituximab combined with chemotherapy is the first-line induction therapy of CD20 positive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (CD20 B-NHL). Recently new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed, but their efficacy and safety compared with rituximab are still controversial. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared new anti-CD20 mAbs with rituximab in induction therapy of B-NHL.

is essential for the quiescence and maintenance of adult hematopoietic stem cells under stress.

Zinc finger protein 521 (), a quiescent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-enriched transcription factor, is involved in the self-renewal and differentiation of fetal liver HSC. However, its role in adult hematopoiesis remains elusive. Here, we found that deletion did not inhibit adult hematopoiesis under homeostatic conditions.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Blockade Corrects Monocyte/Macrophage Imbalance in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune bleeding disorder. Monocytes and macrophages are the major cells involved in autoantibody-mediated platelet clearance in ITP. In the present study, we found increased percentages of peripheral blood proinflammatory CD16 monocytes and elevated frequencies of splenic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-expressing macrophages in ITP patients compared with healthy controls.

Identification of a pathogenic variant in a Chinese family with congenital macrothrombocytopenia through whole genome sequencing.

Congenital macrothrombocytopenia is a genetically heterogeneous group of rare disorders. We herein report a large Chinese family presented with phenotypic variability involving thrombocytopenia and/or giant platelets. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the proband and one of his affected brothers identified a potentially pathogenic c.

Film levitation and central jet of droplet impact on nanotube surface at superheated conditions.

Influences of surface nanotubes at high temperatures are investigated on droplet impact dynamics and Leidenfrost effect. Five distinct regimes of impact droplets are found on the nanotube surface, including contact boiling, film levitation, central jet levitation, central jet, and Leidenfrost phenomenon. The regimes of film levitation, central jet levitation, and central jet are characterized by either film levitation and/or liquid central jet.

Illuminating single genomic loci in live cells by reducing nuclear background fluorescence.

The tagging of genomic loci in living cells provides visual evidence for the study of genomic spatial organization and gene interaction. CRISPR/dCas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/deactivated Cas9) labeling system labels genes through binding of the dCas9/sgRNA/fluorescent protein complex to repeat sequences in the target genomic loci. However, the existence of numerous fluorescent proteins in the nucleus usually causes a high background fluorescent readout.

RedEx: a method for seamless DNA insertion and deletion in large multimodular polyketide synthase gene clusters.

Biosynthesis reprograming is an important way to diversify chemical structures. The large repetitive DNA sequences existing in polyketide synthase genes make seamless DNA manipulation of the polyketide biosynthetic gene clusters extremely challenging. In this study, to replace the ethyl group attached to the C-21 of the macrolide insecticide spinosad with a butenyl group by refactoring the 79-kb gene cluster, we developed a RedEx method by combining Redαβ mediated linear-circular homologous recombination, ccdB counterselection and exonuclease mediated in vitro annealing to insert an exogenous extension module in the polyketide synthase gene without any extra sequence.

Ultra-broadband metamaterial absorber from ultraviolet to long-wave infrared based on CMOS-compatible materials.

Broadband absorption of electromagnetic waves in different wavelength regions is desired for applications ranging from highly efficient solar cells, waste heat harvesting, multi-color infrared (IR) detection to sub-ambient radiative cooling. Taper-shaped structures made up of alternating metal/dielectric multilayers offer the broadest absorption bandwidth so far, but face a trade-off between optical performance and material choice, i.e.

Sodium Tanshinone IIA Silate Exerts Microcirculation Protective Effects against Spinal Cord Injury In Vitro and In Vivo.

Spinal cord microcirculation involves functioning endothelial cells at the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and maintains normal functioning of spinal cord neurons, axons, and glial cells. Protection of both the function and integrity of endothelial cells as well as the prevention of BSCB disruption may be a strong strategy for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) cases. Sodium Tanshinone IIA silate (STS) is used for the treatment of coronary heart disease and improves microcirculation.

Radiotherapy Dose and Induction Chemotherapy Cycles Are Associated With Prognosis and Toxicity Risk: A Retrospective Study of 227 Patients With Unresectable Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: Concurrent chemoradiation (cCHRT) has been confirmed as the standard treatment for local advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study is to assess the appropriate timing of radiotherapy and cycles of induction chemotherapy for those patients.

Methods: 227 inoperable stage III NSCLC patients were selected, we analyzed the potential prognostic factors and the influence of induction chemotherapy was evaluated.

Size Effect on Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of Pure Copper Wires Considering Free Surface Grains.

The size (grain size and specimen size) effect makes traditional macroscopic forming technology unsuitable for a microscopic forming process. In order to investigate the size effect on mechanical properties and deformation behavior, pure copper wires (diameters range from 50 μm to 500 μm) were annealed at different temperatures to obtain different grain sizes. The results show that a decrease in wire diameter leads to a reduction in tensile strength, and this change is pronounced for large grains.

Frailty, delirium and hospital mortality of older adults admitted to intensive care: the Delirium (Deli) in ICU study.

Background: Clinical frailty among older adults admitted to intensive care has been proposed as an important determinant of patient outcomes. Among this group of patients, an acute episode of delirium is also common, but its relationship to frailty and increased risk of mortality has not been extensively explored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between clinical frailty, delirium and hospital mortality of older adults admitted to intensive care.

A Dendrite-Structured RbX (X=Br, I) Interlayer for CsPbI Br Perovskite Solar Cells with Over 15 % Stabilized Efficiency.

Invited for this month's cover is the group of Shuang Yang at the East China University of Science and Technology. The image shows a dendrite-structured interlayer for CsPbI Br perovskite solar cells. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.

Rac1 conditional deletion attenuates retinal ganglion cell apoptosis by accelerating autophagic flux in a mouse model of chronic ocular hypertension.

Autophagy has a fundamental role in maintaining cell homeostasis. Although autophagy has been implicated in glaucomatous pathology, how it regulates retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury is largely unknown. In the present work, we found that biphasic autophagy in RGCs occurred in a mouse model of chronic ocular hypertension (COH), accompanied by activation of Rac1, a member of the Rho family.

Wear analysis of finger locks with different design parameters for landing gear.

The finger lock in the retractable actuator of the landing gear will wear during repeated unlocking and locking. Therefore, the effects of six parameters including the material of the finger lock, the length of the finger lock, the diameter of the finger lock, the number of petals, and the angle of the fingertip on the unlocking force after 500 unlocking cycles are researched. Archard wear theory was performed to obtain the unlocking force after wear and the influence of six key parameters on the unlocking force in this paper.

Surface chelation of cesium halide perovskite by dithiocarbamate for efficient and stable solar cells.

Surface engineering has been shown critical for the success of perovskite solar cells by passivating the surface enriched defects and mobile species. The discovery of surface modulators with superior interaction strength to perovskite is of paramount importance since they can retain reliable passivation under various environments. Here, we report a chelation strategy for surface engineering of CsPbIBr perovskite, in which dithiocarbamate molecules can be coordinate to surface Pb sites via strong bidentate chelating bonding.

The Evaluation of Ga-Citrate PET/CT Imaging for Dihydroartemisinin in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Purpose: We aimed to use Ga-citrate, a labeled product of gallium (iron analog), combined with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to non-invasively evaluate the potential of the iron-responsive product dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Procedures: From the establishment of chicken II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model over 40 days, 20 rats with one-to-one corresponding arthritis index (AI) scores were randomly divided into two groups. One group received oral DHA (at a dose of 1.

A single copy of large tumor suppressor 1 or large tumor suppressor 2 is sufficient for normal hematopoiesis.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to differentiate into all subsets of blood cells and self-renew. Large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) and large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) kinases are essential for cell cycle regulation, organism fitness, genome integrity, and cancer prevention. Here, we investigated whether Lats1 and Lats2 are critical for the maintenance of the self-renewal and quiescence capacities of HSCs in mice.