Comparison of Mandibular Volume and Linear Measurements in Patients with Mandibular Asymmetry.

In patients with mandibular asymmetry, the volume of the mandible divided by the mandibular median plane is significantly larger on the non-deviated (N-Dev) side than on the deviated (Dev) side. However, it has been reported that there is no significant difference between the volumes of the N-Dev and Dev sides when the mandibular ramus and body are divided. The purpose of this study was to investigate which region is responsible for the volume difference between the N-Dev and Dev sides.

Methods in Genetic Analysis for Evaluation Mandibular Shape and Size Variations in Human Mandible.

The human mandible has been investigated from both clinical and evolutionary perspectives. Recent advances in genome science have identified the genetic regulation of human mandibular shape and size. Identification of genes that regulate mandibular shape and size would not only enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of mandibular growth and development but also help define a strategy to prevent mandibular dysplasia.

Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular volume in patients with cleft lip and palate during the deciduous dentition period.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between mandibular volume and craniofacial morphology in patients with cleft lip and palate using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare these findings with control (noncleft) patients undergoing CBCT for other purposes during the deciduous dentition period.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-four patients were categorized into the unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA) group (n = 25; mean age, 4.60 ± 0.

Three-dimensional assessment of the pharyngeal airway in Japanese preschoolers with orofacial clefts.

Objectives/hypothesis: Individuals with orofacial clefts often experience respiratory problems because of nasopharyngeal abnormalities. Pharyngeal airway morphology is thought to differ among the various cleft types. We measured three-dimensional (3D) airway volume using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis to evaluate and compare pharyngeal airways in Japanese preschoolers with and without orofacial clefts.

Comparison of condylar size among different anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography.

Objectives: To compare condylar size among different anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: The study included 166 subjects (61 men, mean age: 27.2 ± 7.

Orthognathic surgery induces genomewide changes longitudinally in DNA methylation in saliva.

Objective: Orthognathic surgery dramatically changes morphology of the maxillofacial deformity and improves the malocclusion morphologically and functionally. We investigated the influence of orthognathic surgery on genomewide DNA methylation in saliva.

Methods: Saliva was obtained from nine patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and two healthy reference individuals before and 3 months after orthognathic surgery.

Association between the FGFR1 rs13317 single nucleotide polymorphism and orbitale-nasion depth based on cephalometric images.

The fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene plays an important role in craniofacial morphogenesis. In our previous study, an association between FGFR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and craniofacial morphology was demonstrated in Japanese and Korean subjects. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between a common FGFR1 SNP (rs13317) with craniofacial morphology, increasing the number of measurements and examining Egyptian subjects (n = 191) in addition to the Japanese (n = 211) and Korean (n = 226) subjects.

Growth hormone receptor gene is related to root length and tooth length in human teeth.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between tooth length and growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene variants in a healthy Japanese population.

Materials And Methods: The subjects consisted of 193 Japanese adults (69 men, 124 women), aged 13 to 56 years. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and genotyped GHR rs6184 and rs6180 variants using the Taqman genotyping.

Relationship between tooth length and three-dimensional mandibular morphology.

Objectives: To clarify the relationship between tooth length and three-dimensional mandibular morphology in a healthy Japanese population.

Materials And Methods: This study included 181 Japanese adults: 66 men and 115 women. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were acquired with a dentofacial cone-beam x-ray CT scanner.

Interferon regulatory factor 6 variants affect nasolabial morphology in East Asian populations.

Objective: The interferon regulatory factor 6 gene (IRF6) is one of the most conspicuous genes among a large number of candidate risk genes for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate, which is considered to be a multifactorial defect. Variants of IRF6 are also suggested to affect normal craniofacial variations, especially in the area of the nose and the upper lip. In the present study, we used lateral cephalograms to establish the relationship between IRF6 and sagittal nasolabial morphology in healthy East Asian subjects.

Contribution of FGFR1 Variants to Craniofacial Variations in East Asians.

FGFR1 plays an important role in the development of the nervous system as well as the regulation of the skeletal development and bone homeostasis. Mutations in FGFR1 genes affect skull development, specifically suture and synchondrosis, resulting in craniosynostosis and facial abnormalities. We examined subjects with normal skull morphology for genetic polymorphisms that might be associated with normal craniofacial variations.

Growth hormone receptor gene variant and three-dimensional mandibular morphology.

Objective: To examine the relationship between three-dimensional mandibular morphology and growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene variants in a healthy Japanese population.

Materials And Methods: The subjects, who were unrelated Japanese orthodontic patients, consisted of 64 men and 114 women. Using the Taqman genotyping assay, GHR gene rs6184 and rs6180 variants were detected in genomic DNA extracted from saliva.

Evaluation of mandibular volume classified by vertical skeletal dimensions with cone-beam computed tomography.

Objective:  To investigate the relationship between anteroposterior and vertical differences in maxillofacial morphology and mandibular volume.

Materials And Methods:  Subjects comprised 213 Japanese adults (84 males and 129 females) who were divided into three groups based on mandibular basal arch (ANB) and Wits, measured in a cephalometric analysis: Class I (-1° ≤ ANB < 4°,-1 mm ≤ Wits < 0 mm), Class II (ANB ≥ 4°, Wits ≥ 0), and Class III (ANB <-1°, Wits <-1 mm). Subjects were also divided into three groups based on the mandibular plane angle (Mp), as follows: hypodivergent (Mp < 23°), normodivergent (Mp  =  23-30°), and hyperdivergent (Mp > 30°) groups.