DIABETES MELLITUS AND COVID-19: TODAY'S CHALLENGES.

Рatients with diabetes have more complications and higher mortality from COVID-19. This is due to the fact that diabetes impairs the immune response. Hyperglycemia causes a violation of the immune response, which in turn cannot control the spread of pathogenic microorganisms and therefore patients with diabetes are more susceptible to infections.

HISTORY OF BIOCHEMISTRY IN LVIV.

Objective: The aim: The purpose of this literature review is to shed light on the development of biochemical knowledge in the Lviv region and on prominent figures in the development of biochemistry during the Second World War.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Review of literature published before 2020. We searched the literature using the search terms 'biochemists', ' Lviv National Medical University', 'second World War'.

Changes in the antioxidant system and level of proinflammatory cytokin IL-1beta in the blood patients of sufferi.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 provokes the development of the oxidative stress, accompanied by the increased level of TBA-active products, activation of NO-synthases and increased production of nitric oxide. Activation of glutathione reductase, decrease of the glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutases activity was observed. This shows a specific disturbance in the functioning of the antioxidant defense system and the augmentation in the concentration of one of the major first line reacting cytokin (IL-1beta).