Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Nanosheets with Rich Free Oxygen Atoms for NO Sensing.

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are under fast development in broad applications but have not been well explored for chemiresistive gas sensing yet primarily due to insufficient active sites. Herein, a new porphyrin-based HOF-199 is constructed by OH···O hydrogen bonds featuring layered networks and rich free oxygen (O) atoms, which is further exfoliated into few-layer nonosheets with more dangling O sites through an ultrasound-assisted liquid exfoliation method (namely L-HOF-199). Benefiting from rich electron-donor sites, L-HOF-199 demonstrates exceptional NO sensing properties under ambient conditions, achieving a remarkable 3.

Stereoselective chemical N-glycoconjugation of amines via CO incorporation.

Chemical N-glycoconjugation can provide a unique way to tailor the properties of the ubiquitous amines for further expending their diverse functions and applications. Nevertheless, effective methodology for glycoconjugation of amines remains largely underdeveloped. Inspired by a biotransformation pathway of amine-containing drugs in vivo, we have developed an effective protocol that enables one-step chemical N-glycoconjugation of amines in high stereoselectivity under mild conditions.

The impact of rhG-CSF on risk of recurrence after postoperative chemotherapy in NSCLC Patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is widespread in the prevention and treatment of blood-related toxic effects associated with chemotherapy. This study aimed to explore the correlation between rhG-CSF and the recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have undergone postoperative chemotherapy.

Methods: Our study encompassed 517 NSCLC patients at pathological stage I-III, who underwent surgical removal and subsequent chemotherapy from January 2012 to December 2019 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.

In vivo imaging of alkaline phosphatase in lipid metabolic diseases with a photoacoustic probe.

Lipid metabolic diseases have become an important challenge to global public health. Along with lifestyle changes, the incidence of obesity, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes is on the rise, and the number of patients with fatty liver disease is also increasing. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop effective lipid imaging strategies to monitor and manage fatty liver disease.

Integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal microenvironment disruptions by androgen in mouse ovary.

Elevated levels of androgen are risk factors for disrupted follicular maturation in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a reproductive disease in women. As essential cell types for follicular maturation, granulosa and thecal cells respond to androgen, but their responses are unclear at the subpopulation level. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, we examined the subpopulation and function alterations in an androgen-induced PCOS-like mouse model.

Synthesis of Acovenosides: Cardiac Glycosides with Potent Antitumor Activities.

Acovenoside A (), a cardiac glycoside featuring a unique l-acovenose at C-3 and a 1β,3β,14β-trihydroxy aglycone (namely, acovenosigenin A), shows promising antiproliferative activities. Herein, we report the synthesis of acovenoside A () together with a panel of its congeners. The synthesis features the stereoselective introduction of the 1β,14β-OH and C17-butenolide moieties starting from androstenedione () and gold(I)-catalyzed glycosylation with superarmed glycosyl -alkynylbenzoates as donors.

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Hydrogels: Recent Progress in Fabrication, Properties, and Multifunctional Applications.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels have attracted significant attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and ability to form stable three-dimensional networks. This comprehensive review explores the recent advancements in PVA-based hydrogels, focusing on their unique properties, fabrication strategies, and multifunctional applications. Firstly, it discusses various facile synthesis techniques, including freeze/thaw cycles, chemical cross-linking, and enhancement strategies, which have led to enhanced mechanical strength, elasticity, and responsiveness to external stimuli.

Expeditious chemical synthesis of xylomannans disproves the proposed antifreeze activities.

Cold-adapted species are able to generate cryoprotective proteins and glycoproteins to prevent freezing damage. The [→4)--D-Man-(1→4)--D-Xyl-(1→] xylomannan from the Alaska beetle was disclosed by Walters and co-workers in 2009 as the first glycan-based antifreeze agent, which was later reported to be found in diverse taxa. Here, we report the rapid synthesis of four types of xylomannans, including the proposed antifreeze xylomannan up to a 64-mer (Type I), the regioisomeric [→3)--D-Man-(1→4)--D-Xyl-(1→] 16-mer (Type II), the diastereomeric [→4)--L-Man-(1→4)--D-Xyl-(1→] 16-mer (Type III) and the block-wise [→4)--D-Man-(1→] [→4)--D-Xyl-(1→] 32-mer (Type IV), by employing a strategic iterative exponential glycan growth (IEGG) process.

A Ligand-Controlled Approach Enabling Gold(I)-Catalyzed Stereoinvertive Glycosylation with Primal Glycosyl -Alkynylbenzoate Donors.

A diarylurea-containing phosphine ligand-modulated stereoinvertive -glycosylation with primal furanosyl and pyranosyl -alkynylbenzoate () donors under gold(I) catalysis is disclosed. Both α- and β-configured glycosides could be obtained from the corresponding stereochemically pure β- and α-glycosyl donors with high yields and good to excellent stereoselectivities, respectively. This method accommodates a variety of glycosyl donors and alcoholic acceptors, leading to both 1,2- and 1,2- glycosidic linkages, and has been applied to the convenient preparation of a series of linear arabinan glycans.

Investigation and Confirmation of PYCARD as a Potential Biomarker for the Management of Psoriasis Disease.

Purpose: Psoriasis is not yet completely curable, and its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. Necroptosis, also known as programmed necrosis, is a regulated mode of necrotic cell death. The interaction between inflammatory diseases and necrotic apoptosis has recently attracted significant attention.

Enhanced Effects of Intermittent Fasting by Magnetic Fields in Severe Diabetes.

Intermittent fasting (IF) is a convenient dietary intervention for multiple diseases, including type 2 diabetes. However, whether it can be used as a long-term antidiabetic approach is still unknown. Here, we confirm that IF alone is beneficial for both moderate and severe diabetic mice, but its antidiabetic effects clearly diminish at later stages, especially for severe diabetic db/db mice, which have obviously impaired autophagy.

Regiodivergent Functionalization of Protected and Unprotected Carbohydrates using Photoactive 4-Tetrafluoropyridinylthio Fragment as an Adaptive Activating Group.

The selective functionalization of carbohydrates holds a central position in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry, driving the ongoing quest for ideal approaches to manipulate these compounds. In this study, we introduce a general strategy that enables the regiodivergent functionalization of saccharides. The use of electron-deficient photoactive 4-tetrafluoropyridinylthio (SPyf) fragment as an adaptable activating group, facilitated efficient functionalization across all saccharide sites.

Nickel atom-clusters nanozyme for boosting ferroptosis tumor therapy.

The translation of Fe-based agents for ferroptosis tumor therapy is restricted by the unstable iron valence state, the harsh catalytic environment, and the complex tumor self-protection mechanism. Herein, we developed a stable nickel-based single-atom-metal-clusters (NSAMCs) biocatalyst for efficient tumor ferroptosis therapy. NSAMCs with a nanowire-like nanostructure and hydrophilic functional groups exhibit good water-solubility, colloidal stability, negligible systemic toxicity, and target specificity.

Rotating magnetic field inhibits Aβ protein aggregation and alleviates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mice.

Amyloid beta (Aβ) monomers aggregate to form fibrils and amyloid plaques, which are critical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the important role of Aβ1-42 aggregation in plaque formation, leading to brain lesions and cognitive impairment, numerous studies have aimed to reduce Aβ aggregation and slow AD progression. The diphenylalanine (FF) sequence is critical for amyloid aggregation, and magnetic fields can affect peptide alignment due to the diamagnetic anisotropy of aromatic rings.

Axial O Atom-Modulated Fe(III)-N Sites for Enhanced Cascade Catalytic O-Induced Tumor Therapy.

The rational construction of efficient hypoxia-tolerant nanocatalysts capable of generating singlet oxygen (O) without external stimuli is of great importance for tumor therapy. Herein, uniformly dispersed and favorable biosafety profile graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots immobilized with Fe-N moieties modulated by axial O atom (denoted as O-Fe-N) are developed for converting HO into O via Russell reaction, without introducing external energy. Notably, O-Fe-N performs two interconnected catalytic properties: glutathione oxidase-mimic activity to provide substrate for subsequent O generation, avoiding the blunting anticancer efficacy by glutathione.

Chemical synthesis and functional evaluation of glycopeptides and glycoproteins containing rare glycosyl amino acid linkages.

Covering: 1987 to 2023Naturally existing glycoproteins through post-translational protein glycosylation are highly heterogeneous, which not only impedes the structure-function studies, but also hinders the development of their potential medical usage. Chemical synthesis represents one of the most powerful tools to provide the structurally well-defined glycoforms. Being the key step of glycoprotein synthesis, glycosylation usually takes place at serine, threonine, and asparagine residues, leading to the predominant formation of the - and -glycans, respectively.

Effects of 16.8-22.0 T high static magnetic fields on the development of zebrafish in early fertilization.

Objectives: Despite some existing studies on the safety of high static magnetic fields (SMFs), the effects of ultra-high SMFs above 20.0 T for embryonic development in early pregnancy are absent. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of 16.

Exploring potential polysaccharide utilization loci involved in the degradation of typical marine seaweed polysaccharides by .

Introduction: Research on the mechanism of marine polysaccharide utilization by has drawn substantial attention in recent years. Derived from marine algae, the marine algae polysaccharides could serve as prebiotics to facilitate intestinal microecological balance and alleviate colonic diseases. , considered the most efficient degrader of polysaccharides, relates to its capacity to degrade an extensive spectrum of complex polysaccharides.

Oral tranexamic acid treats papulopustular rosacea by improving the skin barrier.

Background: Papulopustular rosacea (PPR) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a significant impact on facial aesthetics. An impaired skin barrier is an important factor in the development and exacerbation of PPR. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has immune regulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, inhibits angiogenesis and endothelial hyperplasia, and promotes skin barrier repair.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of highly sulfated mannuronate glycans as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2.

Algae-based marine carbohydrate drugs are typically decorated with negative ion groups such as carboxylate and sulfate groups. However, the precise synthesis of highly sulfated alginates is challenging, thus impeding their structure-activity relationship studies. Herein we achieve a microwave-assisted synthesis of a range of highly sulfated mannuronate glycans with up to 17 sulfation sites by overcoming the incomplete sulfation due to the electrostatic repulsion of crowded polyanionic groups.

Acetaminophen overdose-induced acute liver injury can be alleviated by static magnetic field.

Acetaminophen (APAP), the most frequently used mild analgesic and antipyretic drug worldwide, is implicated in causing 46% of all acute liver failures in the USA and between 40% and 70% in Europe. The predominant pharmacological intervention approved for mitigating such overdose is the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC); however, its efficacy is limited in cases of advanced liver injury or when administered at a late stage. In the current study, we discovered that treatment with a moderate intensity static magnetic field (SMF) notably reduced the mortality rate in mice subjected to high-dose APAP from 40% to 0%, proving effective at both the initial liver injury stage and the subsequent recovery stage.