X-ray irradiation reduces ATP-dependent activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting TWIK2 activity in macrophages.

Background: The spleen, as the body's largest peripheral immune organ and a crucial source of circulating monocytes, plays a significant role in the acute inflammatory response of spleen-derived macrophages to diseases. Therefore, studying the impact and mechanism of X-ray irradiation on spleen-derived macrophages' inflammatory responses is of great importance.

Method: Extracted and identified mice splenic macrophages were divided into four groups: control group, LPS and ATP co-stimulated non-irradiated group, LPS and ATP co-stimulated group irradiated after 6 h, and LPS and ATP co-stimulated group irradiated after 12 h In the LPS and ATP co-stimulated groups, LPS (1μg/ml) and ATP (5mmol/L) were added to establish an inflammatory model in mice splenic macrophages.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Protects Acute Lung Injury Secondary to Venom Poisoning by Regulating Th17/Treg Balance.

Background: To explore the mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) intervention on acute lung injury secondary to snake venom poisoning and provide more toxicological and clinical evidence for venom poisoning.

Methods: Male Kunming mice (n = 96) were randomly divided into four groups: the control group which was not given any interventional treatments, venom group in which each mouse was injected with venom (1 mg/kg) through the tail vein, antivenom group in which each mouse was injected with anti- venom immediately after the model was successfully established, and HBO+antivenom group in which each mouse was given HBO treatment at 1 h, 5 h, 11 h and 23 h following the injection of antivenom. Lung tissues of mice were obtained and processed for the detection of the lung coefficient, the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and IL-17, and the protein expression of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt) and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3).

Sequential bowel necrosis and large gastric ulcer in a patient with a ruptured femoral artery: A case report.

Background: Severe bleeding as a result of a major vascular injury is a potentially fatal event commonly observed in the emergency department. Bowel necrosis and gastric ulcers secondary to ischemia are rare due to their rich blood supply. In this case, we present the case of a patient who was treated successfully following rupture of his femoral artery resulting in bowel necrosis and an unusually large gastric ulcer.

Insights into optimizing exosome therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair.

Exosome therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound healing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of exosome biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and beyond. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells, have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue repair.

Road traffic mortality in Zunyi city, China: A 10 - year data analysis (2013-2022).

Purpose: The study aimed to examine the pattern of motorization and the mortality rate related to road traffic crashes in Zunyi (a city in northern Guizhou province of China) from 2013 to 2022, and to identify the epidemiological characteristics of these crashes with to provide insights that could help improve road safety.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Zunyi traffic management data platform, and the mortality rates were calculated. We deployed various analytical methods, including descriptive analysis, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test of categorical variable, circular distribution map analysis, and Rayleigh test to characterize the traits of road traffic crashes in the region.

Mannitol inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cell by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathway.

Purpose: Mannitol is one of the first-line drugs for reducing cerebral edema through increasing the extracellular osmotic pressure. However, long-term administration of mannitol in the treatment of cerebral edema triggers damage to neurons and astrocytes. Given that neural stem cell (NSC) is a subpopulation of main regenerative cells in the central nervous system after injury, the effect of mannitol on NSC is still elusive.

E3 ligase Nedd4L promotes macrophage M1 polarization and exacerbates brain damage by TRAF3/TBK1 signaling pathway after ICH in mice.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a serious medical problem, and promising strategy is limited. Macrophage initiated brain inflammatory injury following ICH, but the molecular mechanism had not been well identified. E3 ligase Nedd4L is implicated in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory immune response.

Targeting Ferroptosis Promotes Functional Recovery by Mitigating White Matter Injury Following Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

Survivors experiencing acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACMP) tend to develop white matter injury (WMI). The mechanism of ACMP-induced WMI remains unclear. Considering the role of ferroptosis in initiating oligodendrocyte damage to deteriorate WMI, exploring therapeutic options to attenuate ferroptosis is a feasible approach to alleviating WMI.

TIPE2 attenuates neuroinflammation and brain injury through Bcl-2/Bax/cleaved caspase-3 apoptotic pathways after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a serious disease with high mortality and morbidity, and effective treatment is limited. A large amount of evidence suggests that the inflammatory response contributes to secondary brain damage following ICH. TIPE2 is an essential negative regulator of both innate and adaptive immunity, and depletion of TIPE2 causes inflammatory disease.

Mild Hypothermia Protects Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice Via Enhancing the Nrdp1/MyD88 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Mild hypothermia has been identified to reduce brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by protecting neuron cells through several pathways. However, the role of hypothermia in brain function following ICH and the related mechanisms have not been well identified. Ubiquitination-mediated inflammation plays important roles in the pathogenesis of immune diseases.

The Effect of Hemoglobin Concentration on Hyperbaric Oxygen and Non-hyperbaric Oxygen in the Treatment of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage After Operation at the High Altitude.

Background: The prognosis of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is poor at high altitudes. The objective of this study was to explore whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) can improve the results of computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging and the neurological function of patients with HICH, and influence the hemoglobin concentration.

Method: The patients with HICH were treated with puncture and drainage.

Aconitine induces brain tissue damage by increasing the permeability of the cerebral blood-brain barrier and over-activating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the neurotoxicity of aconitine and its underlying mechanism.

Methods: The rats were administered with the aconitine solution intragastrically at different dosages (0.5 mg/kg, 1.

Secondary esophageal perforation rupture of ascending aorta 16 day accidently-swallowing button battery in a young child: A case report of esophagial foreign body and mini review.

Introduction And Importance: Foreign body ingestions often occur in children between the ages of six months and three years. Swallowing button battery can cause serious complications such as gastrointestinal mucosa tissue necrosis and esophageal perforation. Fatal secondary lesions after foreign body removal are rarely reported.

Actin Alpha 2 Downregulation Inhibits Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation into Neurons through Canonical Wnt/-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Our previous study has shown that actin alpha 2 (ACTA2) is expressed in NSC and ACTA2 downregulation inhibits NSC migration by increasing RhoA expression and decreasing the expression of Rac1 to curb actin filament polymerization. Given that proliferation and differentiation are the two main characteristics of NSC, the role of ACTA2 downregulation in the proliferation and differentiation of NSC remains elusive. Here, the results demonstrated that ACTA2 downregulation using ACTA2 siRNA held the potential of inhibiting NSC proliferation using cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and immunostaining.

VSIG4 Attenuates NLRP3 and Ameliorates Neuroinflammation via JAK2-STAT3-A20 Pathway after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a fatal cerebrovascular disease. Neuroinflammation plays an important pathological role in brain injury after ICH. NLRP3 contributes to the pathogenesis of ICH, but the underlying mechanisms regulating of NLRP3 remain elusive.

[Effect of dendritic cells on immune function regulated by programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 in sepsis].

Objective: To study the effect of programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) regulating dendritic cells (DC) on the immune status of sepsis, and analyze the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 on prognosis.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from October 2018 to September 2019 were collected and followed up for 28 days. According to the 28-day survival of patients, patients were divided into survival group and death group.

VSIG4 alleviates intracerebral hemorrhage induced brain injury by suppressing TLR4-regulated inflammatory response.

Aims: Numerous evidence demonstrated that macrophage mediated inflammation contributed to brain injury following ICH, but the molecular mechanism had not been well studied. V-set immunoglobulin-domain-containing 4 (VSIG4), specifically expresses in resting tissue-resident macrophages, can deliver anti-inflammatory signals into various inflammatory diseases. However, the role of VSIG4 on ICH has not been reported.

Long Non-coding RNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury Accelerated Fracture Healing.

It is commonly observed that patients with bone fracture concomitant with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had significantly increased fracture healing, but the underlying mechanisms were not fully revealed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to play complicated roles in bone homeostasis, but their role in TBI accelerated fracture was rarely reported. The present study was designed to determine the role of lncRNAs in TBI accelerated fracture via transcriptome sequencing and further bioinformatics analyses.

Protective effect of acute splenic irradiation in rats with traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To explore the protective effect of acute splenic irradiation against traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats.

Methods: A rat model of TBI was established according to Feeney's method. Splenic irradiation was performed by the reverse intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) source-axis distance (SAD) irradiation technique.

The role of cell-free DNA in fibrinolysis for intraventricular hemorrhage.

Objective: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) fibrinolysis did not improve functional outcomes of patients with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), largely because of the unsatisfactory clot clearance. The presence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) within the clot has been confirmed to impair tPA fibrinolysis, but the mechanism has been unclear. The authors hypothesized that cell-free DNA (cfDNA), the main framework of NETs, might be the important reason for the fibrinolysis resistance, and they validated the hypothesis, hoping to provide a new target to promote intraventricular fibrinolysis.

Corrigendum to "Ambroxol Improves Neuronal Survival and Reduces White Matter Damage through Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Microglia after Intracerebral Hemorrhage".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/8131286.].