Differential effects of high-fat diet on salivary and gut microbiota.

Objectives: Microorganisms contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity, while more studies focus on gut microbiome. However, the relationship between oral microbiota and obesity has yet to be elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the similarities and differences in the effects of a high-fat diet on salivary and gut microbiota through mouse experiments, exploring the hypothesis that oral microbial mechanisms may contribute to obesity.

A Nomogram Based on S100A7 and Clinicopathological Characteristics to Predict the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Background: We have previously found that S100 calcium-binding protein A7 (S100A7) is strongly associated with chemoresistance in breast cancer (BC). In this study, we investigated whether S100A7 can be used to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and assessed its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics in BC.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of patients with BC who underwent NAC at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2021 and December 2021.

A novel single-domain antibody obtained from immune Bactrian camels against botulinum toxin type A using SPR-based screening method.

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a highly lethal toxin produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which leads to nerve paralysis following poisoning. At present, there is no specific drug officially approved. Antibodies, particularly single-domain antibodies, represent safe and effective candidates for specific drugs against BoNT.

Novel idebenone derivatives attenuated oxidative stress injury and myocardial damage.

Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was the primary causative factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the existing therapy drugs for oxidative stress were much less investigated, which underlined the necessity for new drug discovery and development. Herein, we aimed to synthesize several novel idebenone (IDE) derivatives and investigate the protective effect and mechanism of these derivatives against HO-induced oxidative stress injury in H9C2 cells by determining cell proliferation rate, detecting the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and the expression of related proteins.

Integrating water depth to predict the threshold of collapse and recovery of submerged macrophytes for lakes with large depth gradients.

Introduction: The nutrient threshold of collapse and recovery of submerged macrophytes have been widely reported for shallow lakes. However, understanding the threshold variation for lakes with water depth (Z) gradients remains limited.

Methods: In this study, based on a field investigation of 9 lakes with varying water depths and nutrient levels in the Yunnan Plateau, southwest of China, we integrated water depth to predict the nutrient threshold of collapse and recovery of submerged macrophytes in lakes.

Applying machine learning to predict bowel preparation adequacy in elderly patients for colonoscopy: development and validation of a web-based prediction tool.

Background: Adequate bowel preparation is crucial for effective colonoscopy, especially in elderly patients who face a high risk of inadequate preparation. This study develops and validates a machine learning model to predict bowel preparation adequacy in elderly patients before colonoscopy.

Methods: The study adhered to the TRIPOD AI guidelines.

Design of Multimodal Supramolecular Protein Assemblies via Enzyme-Substrate Interactions for Intracellular Antioxidant Regulation.

Allosteric modulation of protein function, which involves effector binding triggering distant conformational changes, is crucial for cellular and metabolic control. However, achieving tunable control, structural diversity, and precise intracellular regulation remains challenging. Here, we designed dynamic supramolecular protein assemblies driven by enzyme-substrate interactions for antioxidant regulation in cells.

Investigation of the Blood Microbiome in Horses With Fever of Unknown Origin.

Background: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) without a respiratory component is a frequent clinical presentation in horses. Multiple pathogens, both tick-borne and enteric, can be involved as etiologic agents. An additional potential mechanism is intestinal barrier dysfunction.

Identifying Factors Associated With Breastfeeding Length Among Filipino Migrant Women in South Korea.

Background: Migrant women becoming mothers often face social, economic, and family challenges that can affect their dietary and breastfeeding practices. This study identified factors associated with breastfeeding length in migrant women.

Methods: The study sample involved 504 migrant women from the Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL) in 2014-2016.

Low expression of CD39 on monocytes predicts poor survival in sepsis patients.

Background: Sepsis is a critical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need for reliable biomarkers for its diagnosis and prognosis. This study uses advanced immunological techniques to evaluate monocytic CD39 (mCD39) expression as a potential marker in sepsis.

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included 206 participants from the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between April 2022 and September 2023.

How to prevent preoperative adjacent segment degeneration L5/S1 segment occuring postoperative adjacent segment disease? A retrospective study of risk factor analysis.

Objective: L5/S1 segment is one of the most common lumbar degenerative segments with high clinical failure rate. When the clinically responsible segment consists of one or more segments including L4/L5 segment, whether to merge the severely degraded L5/S1 segment together is a common problem plaguing clinicians. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors for preoperative adjacent segment degeneration L5/S1 segment occuring Postoperative adjacent segment disease(ASDis), analyze the correlation between the high risk factors and the occurrence of adjacent segment disease, clarify the preventive measures and direction, and provide references for clinical selection of personalized treatment.

Theoretical study on the alkyl chain length impact of azobenzene-based photoresponsive ionic liquids.

The light-modulated isomerization and aggregation behavior of ionic liquids (ILs) in aqueous solutions holds fundamental and technological significance. Although several azobenzene-based photoresponsive ILs have been synthesized, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the aggregation mechanism, regularity of the alkyl chain length, and the position of the azobenzene (cis- and trans-) in these photoresponsive ILs. To elucidate the structure-property relationship of photoresponsive ILs, four types of azobenzene groups photosensitive ILs ([AzoCDMEA]Br, n = 2,4,6,10) in both trans- and cis- configurations were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Analysis of the efficacy of a prophylactic increasing blood pressure before the end of surgery to reduce postoperative bleeding after gastrectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of reducing post-gastrectomy hemorrhage by increasing blood pressure at the end of gastric surgery and to evaluate whether this clinical intervention affects the stability of patients' postoperative circulatory system.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 499 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy under general anesthesia at our center between January 2023 and January 2024. After 1:1 propensity score matching, the experimental group comprised 157 patients whose operation cavities were examined after increasing blood pressure before the end of gastrectomy, while the control group included 157 patients whose operation cavities were examined using routine procedures without increasing blood pressure.

Vaccination and rheumatoid arthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of data from 25,949,597 participants.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between vaccinations and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), specifically addressing concerns about a potential increased risk among vaccinated individuals.

Methods: A systematic search for cohort studies and case-control studies examining the association between vaccinations and RA was conducted using Medical Subject Headings and relevant keywords across PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to September 2024. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

SLC25A35 enhances fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis to promote the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating PGC-1α.

Mitochondria dysfunction has been closely linked to a wide spectrum of human cancers, whereas the molecular basis has yet to be fully understood. SLC25A35 belongs to the SLC25 family of mitochondrial carrier proteins. However, the role of SLC25A35 in mitochondrial metabolism reprogramming, development and progression in human cancers remains unclear.

Distribution characteristics of mental disorders in community health service center: based on outpatient data from 2014-2022 in Shanghai, China.

Background: The prevalence of mental disorders is gradually increasing in China. As the Chinese government fully implements the tiered diagnosis and treatment system, community health service centers will take on an increased role in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. However, Chinese general practitioners currently have limited expertise in mental health.

Tumor Prognostic Risk Model Related to Monocytes/Macrophages in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning and Multi-Omics.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and invasion. This study explores monocyte/ macrophage-associated gene expression profiles in HCC, constructs a prognostic model based on these genes, and examines its relationship with drug resistance and immune therapy responses. Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) data from 10 HCC tissue biopsy samples, totaling 24,597 cells, were obtained from the GEO database to identify monocyte/macrophage-associated genes.

UK Biobank data demonstrate long-term exposure to floods is a risk factor for incident dementia.

Background: Flooding has emerged as the most prevalent natural disaster, impacting billions of individuals worldwide. However, the long-term effects of flooding exposure on dementia remain unclear.

Methods: With a nested case-control design, a risk-set sampling method was used to match cases and controls.

The effects of the generative adversarial network and personalized virtual reality platform in improving frailty among the elderly.

As society ages, improving the health of the elderly through effective training programs has become a pressing issue. Virtual reality (VR) technology, with its immersive experience, is increasingly being utilized as a vital tool in rehabilitation training for the elderly. To further enhance training outcomes and improve health conditions among the elderly, this work proposes an integrated model that combines the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Variational Autoencoder (VAE), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network.

The effects of China-recommended gestational weight gain guidelines and the Institute of Medicine guidelines on adverse birth outcomes: A population- based cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess and compare the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines and the recently published China guidelines regarding their applicability for gestational weight gain (GWG) management among Chinese pregnant women.

Method: Data were extracted from the Electronic Medical Record System of Zhoushan, China. Adverse outcomes include small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), low birth weight and macrosomia.

A functional single-cell metabolic survey identifies Elovl1 as a target to enhance CD8 T cell fitness in solid tumours.

Reprogramming T cell metabolism can improve intratumoural fitness. By performing a CRISPR/Cas9 metabolic survey in CD8 T cells, we identified 83 targets and we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to disclose transcriptome changes associated with each metabolic perturbation in the context of pancreatic cancer. This revealed elongation of very long-chain fatty acids protein 1 (Elovl1) as a metabolic target to sustain effector functions and memory phenotypes in CD8 T cells.