Gestational weight trajectory and early offspring growth differed by gestational diabetes: a population-based cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the association of gestational weight gain (GWG) trajectory with early children growth, and explore whether this association varies by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) status.

Methods: Maternal weight and offspring anthropometric outcomes before 36 months were extracted from Electronic Medical Record of Zhoushan, China. GWG trajectory was modeled using latent-class trajectory analysis.

Role of Protein Lysine Acetylation in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: This review aimed to highlight the known role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) in individuals with obesity, better understand the role of HDACs and KATs enzymes in obesity and related metabolic disorders.

Recent Findings: Numerous cellular activities, including DNA replication, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, RNA splicing, signal transmission, metabolic function, protein stability, transportation, and transcriptional regulation, are influenced by lysine acetylation. Protein lysine acetylation serves several purposes, which not only contribute to the development of metabolic disorders linked to obesity but also hold promise for therapeutic approaches.

Neutrophil-modulated Dicer expression in macrophages influences inflammation resolution.

The precise molecular mechanisms through which neutrophils regulate macrophages in the progression and resolution of acute inflammation remain poorly understood. Here, we present new findings on the role of Dicer in regulating macrophage phenotypic transitions essential for proper inflammatory progression and resolution, influenced by neutrophils. Using a zymosan A (Zym A)-induced self-limited mouse peritonitis model, we observed that Dicer expression in macrophages was significantly reduced by neutrophil-derived IFN-γ during the progression phase, but gradually returned to normal levels during the resolution phase following the engulfment of apoptotic neutrophils.

Spotiphy enables single-cell spatial whole transcriptomics across an entire section.

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has advanced our understanding of tissue regionalization by enabling the visualization of gene expression within whole-tissue sections, but current approaches remain plagued by the challenge of achieving single-cell resolution without sacrificing whole-genome coverage. Here we present Spotiphy (spot imager with pseudo-single-cell-resolution histology), a computational toolkit that transforms sequencing-based ST data into single-cell-resolved whole-transcriptome images. Spotiphy delivers the most precise cellular proportions in extensive benchmarking evaluations.

Unconventional magnons in collinear magnets dictated by spin space groups.

Magnonic systems provide a fertile playground for bosonic topology, for example, Dirac and Weyl magnons, leading to a variety of exotic phenomena such as charge-free topologically protected boundary modes, the magnon thermal Hall effect and the magnon spin Nernst effect. However, their understanding has been hindered by the absence of fundamental symmetry descriptions of magnetic geometries and spin Hamiltonians primarily governed by isotropic Heisenberg interactions. The ensuing magnon dispersions enable gapless magnon band nodes that go beyond the scenario of representation theory of the magnetic space groups, thus referred to as unconventional magnons.

Large recoverable elastic energy in chiral metamaterials via twist buckling.

Mechanical metamaterials with high recoverable elastic energy density, which we refer to as high-enthalpy elastic metamaterials, can offer many enhanced properties, including efficient mechanical energy storage, load-bearing capability, impact resistance and motion agility. These qualities make them ideal for lightweight, miniaturized and multi-functional structures. However, achieving high enthalpy is challenging, as it requires combining conflicting properties: high stiffness, high strength and large recoverable strain.

Identification of candidate genes associated with resistance to aflatoxin production in peanut through genetic mapping and transcriptome analysis.

Two major QTLs qAftA07and qAftB06.2 for peanut aflatoxin production resistance were identified and candidate genes for them were predicted. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.

Potential prognostic biomarker of OSBPL10 in pan-cancer associated with immune infiltration.

Oxysterol binding protein-related protein 10 (OSBPL10) is a crucial sterol transporter that plays a significant role in regulating metabolic homeostasis. Previous studies have indicated that OSBPL10 promotes the development of several tumors. However, an integrative bioinformatics and immune infiltration analysis of OSBPL10 across various cancers has yet to be conducted.

Dynamic evaluation of winter wheat's freezing resistance under different low-temperature periods and durations.

Winter extreme low temperature events have been occurring frequently both before and after the winter season. The freezing resistance temperature of wheat is far lower than the intensity of low temperatures during the mid-winter period. Therefore, it is necessary to further quantify and evaluate the impact of low-temperature periods and durations during the early winter and the green-up period on the freezing resistance of wheat, based on different evaluation indicators.

Aging-dependent evolving electrochemical potentials of biomolecular condensates regulate their physicochemical activities.

A passive consequence of macromolecular condensation is the establishment of an ion concentration gradient between the dilute and dense phases, which in turn governs distinct electrochemical properties of condensates. However, the mechanisms that regulate the electrochemical equilibrium of condensates and their impacts on emergent physicochemical functions remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that the electrochemical environments and the physical and chemical activities of biomolecular condensates, dependent on the electrochemical potential of condensates, are regulated by aging-associated intermolecular interactions and interfacial effects.

Cyano-functionalized polyethylenes from ethylene/acrylamide copolymerization.

Synthesizing functionalized polyethylenes via ethylene coordination copolymerization with fundamental low-cost vinyl polar monomers provides a very attractive approach. However, it is also very challenging as the functional group (FG) to be introduced onto the polyolefin chain is directly derived from the corresponding vinyl polar monomers (CH = CH-FG), which often cause catalyst poisoning due to the FG coordination to active metal center and β-X elimination during catalysis, etc. It is especially true for the synthesis of cyano-functionalized polyethylenes (PEs) via ethylene/acrylonitrile copolymerization, which can only rely on Pd catalysis with low activity.

Dietary habits and risk of diabetic kidney disease: a two-sample and multivariate Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: We explored the causal relationship between certain dietary habits and the risk of developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD) using two-sample Mendelian randomization and multivariate Mendelian randomization.

Research Design And Methods: This study is based on pooled data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 83 dietary habits in a European population. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using GAWS data on diabetic nephropathy in a European population.

In Situ Raman Spectra and Machine Learning Assistant Thermal Annealing Optimization for Effective Phototransistors.

The relationship between the structure and function of condensed matter is complex and changeable, which is especially suitable for combination with machine learning to quickly obtain optimized experimental conditions. However, little research has been done on the effect of temperature on condensed matter and how it affects device performance because the difference between the in situ physical property parameters (which are lowered by the surface tension and mixing entropy) and the basic parameters of the bulk makes accurate AI predictions difficult. In this work, P3HT/ITIC was chosen as the donor/acceptor material for the active layer of organic phototransistors (OPTs).

Ligand-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Induced Red-Shifted Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Research on room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been rapidly developed in recent years. However, it is still challenging to realize long-wavelength RTP (>580 nm). In this article, a new strategy is proposed to achieve the red-shifted RTP through constructing dual-ligand MOFs.

Exploration of crucial stromal risk genes associated with prognostic significance and chemotherapeutic opportunities in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.

Background: Few studies revealed that stromal genes regulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, identification of key-risk genes in the invasive ductal breast carcinoma-associated stroma (IDBCS) and their associations with the prediction of risk group remains lacking.

Methods: This study used the GSE9014, GSE10797, GSE8977, GSE33692, and TGGA BRCA datasets.

Association of Life's Essential 8 Scores with Carotid Artery Plaque in Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aim: The American Heart Association (AHA) proposed Life's Essential 8 score (LE8) in 2022 as a new metric for cardiovascular health (CVH). This study investigated the association between the LE8 score and the development of carotid artery plaque.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community (APAC) cohort study.

Association Between Cardiovascular Biological Age and Cardiovascular Disease - A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Biological age serves as a common starting point for various age-related diseases and can be associated with a wide range of cardiovascular outcomes. However, associations between cardiovascular biological age (CBA) and various types of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain unclear.

Methods And Results: Analyzing 262,343 UK Biobank participants, we constructed CBA based on composite biomarkers using the Klemera-Doubal method (denoted as KDM-CBA).

A crosssectional study on healthcare workers sleep and psychological resilience.

Objectives: Healthcare workers, as a high-stress professional group, face long-term high-intensity workloads and complex medical environments, resulting in increasingly prominent mental health issues. In particular, the widespread presence of anxiety symptoms and somatic pain has become a major factor affecting both the quality of care and the career development of healthcare workers. This study aims to investigate the mediating and moderating roles of psychological resilience and sleep in the relationship between somatic pain and anxiety among healthcare workers.

CXCL1-CXCR1 pathway mediates hyperthermia-induced microglial processes retraction.

In infants, high fever is associated with robust microglial morphological changes, including process retraction and soma enlargement, which contribute to fever-induced seizures. The molecular mechanisms underlying dynamic process retraction during hyperthermia remain poorly understood. Using a hyperthermia-induced microglial activation model in postnatal day 8 mice, we identified the CXCL1-CXCR1 interaction as a key regulator of process retraction.

Rapidly separable bubble microneedle-patch system present superior transdermal mRNA delivery efficiency.

Traditional mRNA vaccine formulation loaded by lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) has several shortcomings in clinical application, including the need for cryopreservation, discomfort associated with intramuscular injections, and the risk of liver aggregation. Dissolvable microneedles (DMNs), as a novel transdermal drug delivery platform, can overcome the skin barrier to deliver drugs directly into the skin in a minimally invasive manner. However, mRNA-LNP is unstable and easily degraded during the solidification of DMN.

Research progress in the extraction, purification, structural features, biological activities, and structure-activity relationships from Prunella vulgaris polysaccharides.

Prunella vulgaris L., a globally recognized medicinal and edible plant, has been extensively used in China for over 2000 years, possessing the efficacy of clearing liver-fire, brightening the eyes, dispersing the knot, and reducing swelling. Phytochemical studies have shown that Prunella vulgaris contains various biologically active compounds, including flavonoids, triterpenes, polysaccharides, and phenolic acids.

Synthesis of hollow hierarchical porous carbon spheres from lignin by soft template and hydrothermal method for supercapacitors.

Among the various carbon-based electrode materials, porous carbon spheres stand out for their exceptional properties, such as high specific surface area (SSA), high percussion density, and distinctive surface chemistry, which are conducive to uniform surface modification and acceleration of electrolyte diffusion, thereby enhancing the energy density of battery. Hollow carbon spheres, with their unique structure, are drawing increasing attention for their potential applications in energy storage devices. In this work, hollow hierarchical porous carbon spheres (HPCS) were synthesized by one-pot method using alkali lignin extracted from corn straw as carbon precursor, CTAB as template agent, Zn as crosslinking agent and KHCO as activator.

Discovery of novel seven-membered ring derivatives of ONC212 as caseinolytic protease P protein activators using the ring expansion strategy: Rational design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation.

Caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) protein is essential for prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein homeostasis, and has emerged as a promising bactericidal target for controlling bacterial infection and evading the emergent of drug-resistance risk. As the unique bactericidal mechanism, ClpP loses its substrate specificity and undergoes uncontrolled protein hydrolysis in the presence of an activator, leading to causing bacterial death. To further expand the chemotype of ClpP activator, a series of ONC212 derivatives were synthesized using a ring expansion strategy.