The regulation pathways of biochar and microorganism in soil-plant system by multiple statistical methods: The forms of carbon participation in coastal wetlands.

Coastal wetlands possess significant carbon storage capabilities. However, in coastal soil-plant systems augmented with biochar and microorganisms, the mechanisms of these amendments and carbon participation remain unclear. This study utilized pot experiments to explore how Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affect soil organic carbon (SOC), carbon-related microbes, photosynthetic and osmotic system of Suaeda salsa.

Musashi orchestrates melanism in Laodelphax striatellus.

In insects, melanism, a fundamental pigmentation process, is of significant importance in evolutionary biology due to its complex genetic foundation. We investigated the role of the RNA-binding gene Musashi (msi) in melanism in Laodelphax striatellus, a Hemiptera species. We identified a single L.

Identification and Functional Analysis of the Gene in a Hemimetabolous Insect, .

The () gene functions as a crucial "tuner" in male insect courtship behavior through distinct expression patterns. In , our previous research showed () influencing male courtship songs, causing mating failures with virgin females. However, the impact of on mating remains unexplored.

The Roles of () in the Sex Determination and Fertility of , a Hemimetabolous Agricultural Pest.

In most holometabolous insects, () is an auxiliary gene required for sex determination, exerting a crucial role in regulating sexual differentiation; however, the study of in hemimetabolous insects remains very sparse and limited to just a few species. In this study, we investigated the sequence and expression profile of the gene in the bean bug, , an agricultural pest belonging to the Heteroptera order. Three non-sex-specific splicing isoforms of were found, , , and , which shared most exons and exhibited similar expression throughout all stages of development, with particularly elevated levels in the embryo, ovary, and testis.

Identification and functional analysis of the female determiner gene in the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris.

Background: Homing-based gene drives targeting sex-specific lethal genes have been used for genetic control. Additionally, understanding insect sex determination provides new targets for managing insect pests. While sex determination mechanisms in holometabolous insects have been thoroughly studied and employed in pest control, the study of the sex determination pathway in hemimetabolous insects is limited to only a few species.

Distinct chromium removal mechanisms by iron-modified biochar under varying pH: Role of iron and chromium speciation.

Iron-modified biochar (Fe-biochar) has been widely developed to attenuate Cr(VI) pollution in both acid and alkaline environments. However, there are few comprehensive studies on how the iron speciation in Fe-biochar and chromium speciation in solution influencing the removal of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) under varying pH. Here, multiple Fe-biochar containing FeO or Fe(0) were prepared and applied to remove aqueous Cr(VI).

Detoxification mechanisms of biochar on plants in chromium contaminated soil: Chromium chemical forms and subcellular distribution.

The complete pathway of chromium (Cr) transfer from soil to plant tissues and subcellular components under biochar amendment remains to be quantified, as well as the involved diverse detoxification processes in roots and stems respectively. Pot experiments and quantitative analysis were conducted to investigate Cr fixation in soil amended with Enteromorpha prolifera-derived biochar and subsequent phytoprocesses (Cr uptake, transfer, and phytotoxicity) in cultivated Secale cereale L. (rye).

Construction of classification models for pathogenic bacteria based on LIBS combined with different machine learning algorithms.

Bacteria, especially foodborne pathogens, seriously threaten human life and health. Rapid discrimination techniques for foodborne pathogens are still urgently needed. At present, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), combined with machine learning algorithms, is seen as fast recognition technology for pathogenic bacteria.

The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for detection of pathogens from dialysis effluent in peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis .

Background: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) can improve pathogen identification in infectious diseases.

Methods: A prospective parallel control study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical significance of mNGS in identifying pathogens in dialysis effluent of patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (peritonitis). Dialysis effluent specimens were detected both by peritoneal dialysis effluent culture and mNGS.

The influence of alkali-modified biochar on the removal and release of Zn in bioretention systems: Adsorption and immobilization mechanism.

Generally, Zn in stormwater runoff is considered as low toxicity, but in the senarios of roads and zinc-based materials roof runoff, the concentration of Zn becomes extremely high and cannot be ignored. Bioretention systems are used to remove heavy metals from stormwater runoff, while Zn adsorption is insufficient by conventional filler and is prone to secondary release when exposed to acid rain or high salinity runoff. This study integrated batch experiments and density functional theory calculation to investigate the mechanisms of how KOH-modified biochar (KBC) influences the removal and release of Zn in bioretention systems.

Quantitative evaluation of the synergistic effect of biochar and plants on immobilization of Pb.

Biochar and plant cooperation in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil is effective and important, but there still have knowledge gaps of synergistic effect between the two and the synergistic pathway has not been clarified. We prepared the Enteromorpha prolifera biochar at 400 °C and 600 °C (denoted as BC400 and BC600). The Pb fractions changes in soil and Pb toxicity in Brassica juncea were investigated by adding 30 g kg biochar to soil containing 1200 mg kg Pb in a pot experiment.

Dispersion Engineering of Silicon Nitride Microresonators via Reconstructable SU-8 Polymer Cladding.

In this work, we propose a novel way to flexibly engineer the waveguide dispersion by patterning the cladding of waveguide microresonators. Experimentally, we demonstrate silicon nitride waveguides with air-, oxide-, and SU-8 polymer-cladding layers and compare the corresponding waveguide dispersion. By integrating SU-8 polymer as the outer cladding layer, the waveguide dispersion can be tuned from -143 to -257 ps/nm/km.

Effect of biochar on the uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity of chromium in a soil-barley pot system.

Remediation of Cr-contaminated soils with biochar is an effective method, but its effect on plant detoxification has not been clarified, and the translocation pathways of different chemical forms of Cr in the soil-plant system have not been quantitatively evaluated. This study investigated the effects of magnetically modified Enteromorpha prolifera biochar (FBC) on Cr uptake, translocation and phytotoxicity in the soil and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

High-Throughput Recognition of Tumor Cells Using Label-Free Elemental Characteristics Based on Interpretable Deep Learning.

With cancer seriously hampering the increasing life expectancy of people, developing an instant diagnostic method has become an urgent objective. In this work, we developed a label-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) method for high-throughput recognition of tumor cells. LIBS spectra were straightly collected from cells dropped on a silicon substrate and built into a deep learning model for simultaneous classification of various cancers.

Nomogram predicting the risk of three-year chronic kidney disease adverse outcomes among East Asian patients with CKD.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common health challenge. There are some risk models predicting CKD adverse outcomes, but seldom focus on the Mongoloid population in East Asian. So, we developed a simple but intuitive nomogram model to predict 3-year CKD adverse outcomes for East Asian patients with CKD.

Roles of endophytic bacteria in Suaeda salsa grown in coastal wetlands: Plant growth characteristics and salt tolerance mechanisms.

Salinity is a limiting factor in the growth of plants in coastal wetlands. The interaction of halophytes with salt-tolerant endophytes has been one of the major concerns in this area. However, the mechanism by which endophytes promote halophyte growth remains unclear.

Multiplexing steganography based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy coupled with machine learning.

This study proposes steganography based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the first time. LIBS inks containing different elements in varying concentrations were fabricated to write steganographic text. LIBS was combined with machine learning as an ideal tool to efficiently extract hidden information.

Citrate ligand-enhanced microscale zero-valent aluminum corrosion for carbon tetrachloride degradation with high electron utilization efficiency.

Carbon tetrachloride (CT) is highly toxic and recalcitrant in groundwater. In recent years, zero-valent aluminum (ZVAl) is highly reductive but limited by its surface passivation film. One of the effective ways to overcome this bottleneck is to add ligands.

Remediation of Chromium-Contaminated Soil Based on WHX-1 Immobilized on Biochar: Cr(VI) Transformation and Functional Microbial Enrichment.

Microorganisms are applied to remediate chromium (Cr)-contaminated soil extensively. Nevertheless, the microbial loss and growth inhibition in the soil environment restrain the application of this technology. In this study, a Cr(VI)-reducing strain named WHX-1 was screened, and the microbial aggregates system was established via immobilizing the strain on biochar to enhance the Cr(VI)-reducing activity of this strain.

Development of KASP Markers and Identification of a QTL Underlying Powdery Mildew Resistance in Melon ( L.) by Bulked Segregant Analysis and RNA-Seq.

Powdery mildew (PM), caused by (), is one of the most devastating fungal diseases of melon worldwide. The use of resistant cultivars is considered to be the best and most effective approach to control this disease. In this study, an F segregating population derived from a cross between a resistant (wm-6) and a susceptible cultivar (12D-1) of melon was used to map major powdery mildew resistance genes using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), in combination with next-generation sequencing (NGS).

[Effect of Biochar on the Adsorption Characteristics and Adsorption Mechanisms of Ammonia Nitrogen in Rainfall Runoff].

In order to study the performance and mechanisms of bioretention pond media ( biochar) for NH-N removal in rainfall runoff, three kinds of alkali modified biochars (marked as BC1, BC2, and BC3) were prepared with various concentrations of NaOH solution (1, 2, and 3 mol·L) to explore their adsorption performance for NH-N. The results showed that:① Appropriate modifications of the NaOH concentration increased the specific surface area and surface microstructure of biochar, with the content of O and the surface functional groups being enriched. In addition, BC2 possessed the best adsorption performance.

[Effect and Approach of Biochar to Improve Coastal Saline Soil].

The use of biochar to improve adversity of soil has received increasing attention. biochar is used to repair coastal saline-alkali soil, which can not only utilize but can also increase the scale of the coastal land reserve. In this study, the method of soil culture experiments was used to explore the effect and pathway of 0%-3% addition of on the improvement of saline-alkali soil.

[Water Purification Effect and Saline-alkali Tolerance Improvement Mechanism of in the Estuary Area].

The pollution load of nitrogen and phosphorus in pollutants entering the sea is high, which seriously affects the water quality of coastal water. It is necessary to strengthen land-sea coordination. However, affected by the seawater encroachment, the salt and alkali content of the water in the estuary area is high and the variation range is large, which leads to difficulty in plant growth.

Association between inflammatory-response gene polymorphisms and risk of acute kidney injury in children.

In the present study, we investigated the association of 12 polymorphisms in six inflammatory-response genes ( and ) with risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children. The polymorphisms were genotyped in 1138 children with AKI and 1382 non-AKI controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio for estimating the risk association.