HBV DNA integration and somatic mutations in HCC patients with HBV-HCV dual infection reveals profiles intermediate between HBV- and HCV-related HCC.

Background: In regions with a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, coinfected patients face a heightened risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), termed HBV/HCV-related HCC (HBCV-HCC). We aimed to investigate the contribution of preexisting chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and subsequent chronic hepatitis C (CHC) to the development of HBCV-HCC.

Methods: We examined HBV's involvement in 93 HBCV-HCC cases by analyzing HBV DNA integration as an indicator of HCC originating from HBV-infected hepatocytes, compared with 164 HBV-HCCs and 56 HCV-HCCs as controls.

One-pot synthesis of supported sub-micron LaNi for hydrogen storage in a carbazole-type liquid organic hydrogen carrier.

Metal hydrides are promising catalysts in hydrogen-involving reactions. However, downsizing and loading metal hydrides is difficult due to their sensitivity towards oxygen and water. Here, a simple one-pot molten salt synthetical method is proposed to synthesize porous La(OH)-supported LaNi.

Unraveling the role of hepatitis B virus DNA integration in B-cell lymphomagenesis.

Background: Studies have shown that hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) constitutes a unique subgroup with distinct clinical features. It still leaves open the question of whether the integration of HBV DNA into the B-cell genome is a causal mechanism in the development of lymphoma.

Methods: Using the hybridisation capture-based next generation sequencing and RNA sequencing, we characterised the HBV integration pattern in 45 HBV-associated B-cell NHL tumour tissues.

Asymmetric silicon phthalocyanine based nanoparticle with spatiotemporally targeting of mitochondria for synergistic apoptosis-ferroptosis antitumor treatment.

A promising therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment merges photodynamic therapy (PDT) induced apoptosis with ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death governed by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Given the pivotal role of mitochondria in ferroptosis, the development of photosensitizers that specifically provoke mitochondrial dysfunction and consequentially trigger ferroptosis via PDT is of significant interest. To this end, we have designed and synthesized a novel nanoparticle, termed FECTPN, tailored to address this requisite.

The value of CT-based radiomics in predicting hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke patients without recanalization therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical value of radiomics based on non-enhanced head CT in the prediction of hemorrhage transformation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Materials And Methods: A total of 140 patients diagnosed with AIS from January 2015 to August 2022 were enrolled. Radiomic features from infarcted areas on non-enhanced CT images were extracted using ITK-SNAP.

HBV DNA Integration into Telomerase or MLL4 Genes and TERT Promoter Point Mutation as Three Independent Signatures in Subgrouping HBV-Related HCC with Distinct Features.

Introduction: A set of genetic mutations to classify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) useful to clinical studies is an unmet need. Hepatitis B virus-related HCC (HBV-HCC) harbors a unique genetic mutation, namely, the HBV integration, among other somatic endogenous gene mutations. We explored a combination of HBV DNA integrations and common somatic mutations to classify HBV-HCC by using a capture-sequencing platform.

ALDOA coordinates PDE3A through the β-catenin/ID3 axis to stimulate cancer metastasis and M2 polarization in lung cancer with EGFR mutations.

Lung cancer has a high incidence rate and requires more effective treatment strategies and drug options for clinical patients. EGFR is a common genetic alteration event in lung cancer that affects patient survival and drug strategy. Our study discovered aberrant aldolase A (ALDOA) expression and dysfunction in lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations.

CAN008 prolongs overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed GBM characterized by high tumor mutational burden.

Background: A previous phase 1 dose-escalation study in Taiwan indicated CAN008 (asunercept) with standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) improved progression-free survival (PFS) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients. This study evaluates the efficacy of CAN008 in promoting overall survival (OS) and identifies genetic alterations associated with treatment responses.

Methods: We compared OS of 5-year follow-ups from 9 evaluable CAN008 cohort patients (6 received high-dose and 3 received low-dose) to a historical Taiwanese GBM cohort with 164 newly diagnosed patients.

SFPQ promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and is associated with poor prognosis.

Liver cancer is a prevalent type of tumor worldwide. CRISPR-Cas9 technology can be utilized to identify therapeutic targets for novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, our goal was to identify key genes related to the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by analyzing the DepMap database based on CRISPR-Cas9.

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Glucose Transporter Inhibitor-SN38 Conjugates for Targeting Colorectal Cancer.

Irinotecan (), a prodrug of SN38 () approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating colorectal cancer, lacks specificity and causes many side effects. To increase the selectivity and therapeutic efficacy of this drug, we designed and synthesized conjugates of SN38 and glucose transporter inhibitors (phlorizin () or phloretin ()), which could be hydrolyzed by glutathione or cathepsin to release SN38 in the tumor microenvironment, as a proof of concept. These conjugates (, , and ) displayed better antitumor efficacy with lower systemic exposure to SN38 in an orthotopic colorectal cancer mouse model compared with irinotecan at the same dosage.

Toward an Improved Triterpene 3--Glucuronidation: The Systematic Determination of the Relative Reactivities of Glucuronyl Donors and Acceptors.

3--β-Glucuronide triterpenes are plant-derived compounds. Some of them have been used as herbal medicine and in pharmaceuticals, such as chikusetsu saponins and saponins. However, the demand for these materials has remained largely a challenge owing to their natural scarcity and low-yielding purification process.

Quantitation of α-Dicarbonyls, Lysine- and Arginine-Derived Advanced Glycation End Products, in Commercial Canned Meat and Seafood Products.

Commercial sterilization is a thermal processing method commonly used in low-acid canned food products. Meanwhile, heat treatment can significantly promote advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in foodstuffs. In this research, the validated analytical methods have been developed to quantitate both lysine- and arginine-derived AGEs and their precursors, α-dicarbonyls, in various types of commercial canned meat and seafood products.

Piezovoltaics from PdH.

Metal hydrides have wide applications in energy science. A large pressure gradient propels the hydrogen atoms out. A piezovoltaic device, a pressure gradient-driven battery, can therefore be realized when the migrations of protons and electrons are separated by different conductors.

Stroke risk study based on deep learning-based magnetic resonance imaging carotid plaque automatic segmentation algorithm.

Introduction: The primary factor for cardiovascular disease and upcoming cardiovascular events is atherosclerosis. Recently, carotid plaque texture, as observed on ultrasonography, is varied and difficult to classify with the human eye due to substantial inter-observer variability. High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) plaque imaging offers naturally superior soft tissue contrasts to computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography, and combining different contrast weightings may provide more useful information.

Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration Drives Carcinogenesis and Provides a New Biomarker for HBV-related HCC.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration is an incidental event in the virus replication cycle and occurs in less than 1% of infected hepatocytes during viral infection. However, HBV DNA is present in the genome of approximately 90% of HBV-related HCCs and is the most common somatic mutation. Whole genome sequencing of liver tissues from chronic hepatitis B patients showed integration occurring at random positions in human chromosomes; however, in the genomes of HBV-related HCC patients, there are integration hotspots.

Inhibitory effects of rooibos () against reactive carbonyl species and advanced glycation end product formation in a glucose-bovine serum albumin model and cookies.

In thermally processed foods, several heat-induced toxicants are potentially formed due to the Maillard reaction, such as α-dicarbonyls and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In the present work, we found that the methylglyoxal (MGO)-trapping and antiglycative activities of the herbal tea samples correlated strongly with their total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Among the tested herbal tea samples, rooibos exhibited the strongest MGO-trapping and antiglycative activities against AGEs formation.

Low FNDC5/Irisin expression is associated with aggressive phenotypes in gastric cancer.

FNDC5 belongs to the family of proteins called fibronectin type III domain-containing which carry out a variety of functions. The expression of FNDC5 is associated with the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the role of FNDC5 in gastric cancer remains relatively unknown.

High DAPK1 Expression Promotes Tumor Metastasis of Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common upper gastrointestinal tumor. Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK1) was found to participate in the development of various malignant tumors. However, there are few reports on DAPK1 in gastric cancer.

Elevated expression of LIF predicts a poor prognosis and promotes cell migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the seventh most common cancer in humans, of which clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for the majority. Recently, although there have been significant breakthroughs in the treatment of ccRCC, the prognosis of targeted therapy is still poor. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a pleiotropic protein, which is overexpressed in many cancers and plays a carcinogenic role.

Identification of UBE2I as a Novel Biomarker in ccRCC Based on a Large-Scale CRISPR-Cas9 Screening Database and Immunohistochemistry.

The genome-wide CRISPR-cas9 dropout screening has emerged as an outstanding approach for characterization of driver genes of tumor growth. The present study aims to investigate core genes related to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell viability by analyzing the CRISPR-cas9 screening database DepMap, which may provide a novel target in ccRCC therapy. Candidate genes related to ccRCC cell viability by CRISPR-cas9 screening from DepMap and genes differentially expressed between ccRCC tissues and normal tissues from TCGA were overlapped.

Drug Resistance Profile and Clinical Features for Hepatitis C Patients Experiencing DAA Failure in Taiwan.

About 4% of the population in Taiwan are seropositive for anti-HCV Ab and 70% with HCV RNA. To address this high chronic hepatitis C disease load, Taiwan National Health Insurance started reimbursing genotype-specific DAAs in 2017 and pangenotype DAAs in mid-2018. With a 97% SVR12 rate, there were still 2-3% of patients that failed to clear HCV.

The Expression and Prognostic Value of SUMO1-Activating Enzyme Subunit 1 and Its Potential Mechanism in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most invasive and metastatic subtype of breast cancer. SUMO1-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1), an E1-activating enzyme, is indispensable for protein SUMOylation. SAE1 has been found to be a relevant biomarker for progression and prognosis in several tumor types.