Insecticide chlorfenapyr confers induced toxicity in human cells through mitochondria-dependent pathways of apoptosis.

Pesticides are always used in the environment, the unexpected effects of pesticides on the environment and non-target organisms need to be continuously studied. Insecticide chlorfenapyr (Chl) is widely used in agriculture and also recommended for public health use (e.g.

Evolutionary analysis and biological characterization of a novel alphabaculovirus isolated from .

Baculoviruses are insect-specific pathogens. Novel baculovirus isolates provide new options for the biological control of pests. Therefore, research into the biological characteristics of newly isolated baculoviruses, including accurate classification and nomenclature, is important.

Design, synthesis and bioactivity of a new class of antifungal amino acid-directed phthalide compounds.

Background: Peanut southern blight disease, caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, is a destructive soil-borne fungal disease. The current control measures, which mainly employ succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, are prone to resistance and toxicity to non-target organisms. As a result, it is necessary to explore the potential of eco-friendly fungicides for this disease.

Improved effects of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus integrated with Campoletis chlorideae against H. armigera and impact of the virus on the parasitoid.

Background: Combined use can be an effective measure to improve pest control by viruses and parasitic wasps. However, not all combinations of natural enemies show improved effects. Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) and Campoletis chlorideae Uchida are two important natural enemies of Helicoverpa armigera.

Adjuvant contributes Roundup's unexpected effects on A549 cells.

Roundup® (RDP) is one of the most representative glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), which extensive use increases pressure on environmental safety and potential human health risk. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the adjuvant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) or the herbicidal active ingredient glyphosate isopropylamine salt (GP) in formulation confers RDP cytotoxicity. We demonstrated that RDP and POEA could inhibit the proliferation of human lung A549 cells.

Synergistic effects of adjuvant A-134 on the herbicidal effects of glyphosate.

Undesirable side effects on ecosystems and strong selection for weed resistance demand an increase in the efficacy and a reduction in the dosage of glyphosate herbicide used. The synergistic effect of tank-mixed adjuvant KAO® A-134 (A-134) on the post-emergence activity of the commercial glyphosate formulation Roundup® (RDP) against crabgrass () was detected. Field study also showed that A-134 can increase the herbicidal effect of RDP.

Roundup-Induced AMPK/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy in Human A549 Cells.

The extensive use of pesticide caused an amount of pressure on the environment and increased the potential human health risk. Glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) is one of the most widely used pesticides based on a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase target, which does not exist in vertebrates. Here, we study autophagic effects of the most famous commercial GBH Roundup (RDP) on human A549 cells in vitro.

A natural adjuvant shows the ability to improve the effectiveness of glyphosate application.

Glyphosate is a common herbicide used worldwide, but its adjuvant has not been studied much. A new adjuvant A-178®, based on the coconut shell extracts, has been developed for glyphosate (glyphosate isopropylamine salt: GP). The potency of the new adjuvant was compared with traditional adjuvant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA).

Evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of glyphosate herbicides in human liver, lung, and nerve.

Glyphosate-based herbicides are broad-spectrum pesticides widely used in the world, which is considered a highly safe pesticide due to their target specificity, but recently, there has been an ongoing controversy regarding their carcinogenicity and possible side effects of glyphosate on human health. Commercial glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) consist of declared active ingredient (glyphosate salts) and a number of formulants such as ethoxylated formulants (4130®, 3780, and A-178). The aim of our study is to investigate whether the toxicity of GBHs is related to formulants.

Roundup confers cytotoxicity through DNA damage and Mitochondria-Associated apoptosis induction.

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the most widely used pesticides in the world. The extensive use of them increases the potential human health risk, including the human inhalation toxicity risk. We studied the effect of the most famous GBH Roundup (RDP) in the concentration range from 50 to 125 μg/mL on Mitochondria-Associated apoptosis and DNA damage in Human alveolar carcinoma cells (A549 cells).

A natural product enhances apoptosis via mitochondria/caspase-mediated pathway in HeLa cells.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most lethal human malignancy and the leading cause of death among females around the world. Many antitumor agents have microbial origins. 5'-epi-SPA-6952A is a new 24-membered macrolide isolated from the cultured broth of Streptomyces diastatochromogenes.

Natural pyrethrins induce autophagy of HepG2 cells through the activation of AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Natural pyrethrins, one kind of insects' neural toxin, have been used worldwide for the control of pests of crops, livestock, and human beings. However, their specific mechanisms of action are incompletely understood and hence further investigation is required. Here we used a series of experiments including colony formation, fluorescent staining, western blotting, enzyme activity detection, immunofluorescence analysis, and real-time quantitative PCR (QPCR) to investigate whether natural pyrethrins (0-40 μg/mL) are able to modulate autophagy process through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, in order to reveal their cytotoxic mechanisms.

Spinosad induces autophagy of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells and the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Spinosad, a high-selectivity neural toxin, has been widely used in agricultural production. However, the mode of action of spinosad on insect non-neural cells is not yet clear and hence requires further investigation. Therefore, to reveal the cytotoxic mechanisms of spinosad, we investigated whether and how it can induce autophagic cell death.

Cytotoxic effects of Avermectin on human HepG2 cells in vitro bioassays.

Avermectin (AVM) has been widely used in agriculture and animal husbandry based on its broad spectrum of effective anthelmintic activity and specificity targets. However, AVM induction of cytotoxicity in human liver is largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the cytotoxic effects of AVM on HepG2 cells in vitro.