Avelumab plus axitinib therapy for renal cell carcinoma in a patient with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: A case report.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by the abnormal accumulation of surfactant-derived substances in the lungs. To the best of our knowledge, the successful treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in patients with PAP has not been reported. Here, we describe such treatment of a patient via avelumab plus axitinib therapy.