An Unusual Case of Extensively Drug Resistant Typhoid Fever.

Enteric fever is a potentially fatal multisystemic illness caused primarily by and, to a lesser extent, by Paratyphi A, B, and C. Emergence of resistance has depleted the antimicrobial arsenal overtime, making treatment challenging and costly. In 2016, a new extensively drug resistant (XDR) strain of emerged in Sindh, which only responds to two antibiotics--carbapenems and azithromycin.

Histopathological and microbiological findings and diagnostic performance of GeneXpert in clinically suspected tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the association between histopathological and microbiological findings in patients clinically suspected to have tuberculous lymphadenitis. A secondary objective was to assess the diagnostic utility of GeneXpert in lymph node specimens.

Method: This was a single-centre prospective cohort study, performed in the Infectious Disease Clinic at The Indus Hospital.

Is there any association of extra hepatic biliary atresia with cytomegalovirus or other infections?

The objective of this study was to find any association of extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) with a possible infectious etiology. Infants diagnosed to have EHBA were tested by blood PCR for cytomegalovirus (CMV), Ebstein-Barr virus, HBsAg, anti-HCV and IgM antibodies for CMV, toxoplasma, rubella, and herpes infections. Thirty-three infants of EHBA were included in the study, male 22, median age when diagnosed 2.

Medical education and training: responding to community needs.

At its inception in 1987, the Aga Khan University introduced the idea of community-based medical education in Pakistan, at a time when this model was being introduced and adapted internationally. Human resource development has been a major objective in the Department of Community Health Sciences (CHS). CHS has contributed to developing a medical curriculum that addresses the health needs of the community at large.