Hydrogeochemical processes regulating groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking purposes in the recent alluvial plain, Blue Nile Region, Sudan.

Groundwater is becoming a critical freshwater source in the Blue Nile Region, Sudan. However, overexploitation and contamination increasingly threaten its sustainability. This study evaluates the hydrogeochemical processes influencing groundwater and its suitability for drinking purposes in the recent alluvial plain.

Unusual Presentation of Confusion: Hyperammonaemic Hepatic Encephalopathy Due to Intrahepatic Portosystemic Venous Shunt.

Presentation: A 75-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 5-week history of confusion, daytime somnolence, and fatigue. His physical examination was unremarkable.

Diagnosis: Investigations initially showed deranged Liver function tests.

Wastewater surveillance overcomes socio-economic limitations of laboratory-based surveillance when monitoring disease transmission: The South African experience during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Wastewater and environmental surveillance has been promoted as a communicable disease surveillance tool because it overcomes inherent biases in laboratory-based communicable disease surveillance. Yet, little empirical evidence exists to support this notion, and it remains largely an intuitive, though highly plausible hypothesis. Our interdisciplinary study uses WES data to show evidence for underreporting of SARS-CoV-2 in the context of measurable and statistically significant associations between economic conditions and SARS-CoV-2 incidence and testing rates.

Repurposing the composite assessment of index lesion severity scoring system in cutaneous lichen planus.

Current validated lichen planus (LP) scoring systems are complicated and optimized for generalized, multi-site disease. There is a need for a validated, simple lesional assessment in LP. Herein, we repurpose and optimize the modified Composite Assessment of Index Lesion Severity (mCAILS) for LP and to validate the optimized lichen planus CAILS (lpCAILS).

Assessing the quality of life among African medical and health science students using the WHOQOL-BREF tool.

Background: The quality of life (QoL) among health professional students is available in the literature, yet there is a paucity of information concerning QoL among African students. The study aimed to measure the QoL with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) tool among African medical and health science students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 349 African medical and health science students from various disciplines at the International African University in May 2024.

Multiomic Sequencing of Intermediate- to High-Risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies Critical Genes and Expression Patterns Associated with Disease and Poor Outcomes.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in humans and kills as many people annually as melanoma. The understanding of the transcriptional changes with respect to high-risk clinical/histopathologic features and outcome is poor. In this study, we examine stage-matched, outcome-differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma using whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing.

Awareness and Attitudes of the Saudi Population Towards Bariatric Surgery in Saudi Arabia.

: Obesity is a growing public health concern worldwide, and Saudi Arabia faces rising rates of obesity-related conditions, including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Bariatric surgery is a recognized treatment for severe obesity, offering significant health benefits. This study evaluates the Saudi population's awareness and attitudes towards bariatric surgery, examining knowledge levels, perceptions, and potential barriers.

Prevalence of physical and mental health problems among internally displaced persons in White Nile state, Sudan 2023: a cross sectional study.

Background: Following the latest war in 2023, over nine million people have been internally displaced, of which White Nile State received over 50,000. They lived in different camps and moved to big cities. This study assessed the scope of mental and physical concerns among the IDPs to identify important healthcare needs.

A nested case-control study of adverse outcomes in children with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Background: Adverse Outcomes (death or ICU stays longer than 48h) in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) can be predicted by a composite risk score based on severity of hyperglycemia and acidosis, and presence of type 2 diabetes. Because most high-risk patients nevertheless do not experience an Adverse Outcome, we tried to identify differences in management or other clinical characteristics that influenced outcomes.

Methods: In a previously defined group of 4565 admissions for DKA-HHS in 2010-2023, 109 had Adverse Outcomes.

Empowering cancer prevention with AI: unlocking new frontiers in prediction, diagnosis, and intervention.

Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing our world at an exponential rate and its transformative power has extensively reached important sectors like healthcare. In the fight against cancer, AI proved to be a novel and powerful tool, offering new hope for prevention and early detection. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the medical applications of AI, including early cancer detection through pathological and imaging analysis, risk stratification, patient triage, and the development of personalized prevention approaches.

Annotation Practices in Computational Pathology: A European Society of Digital and Integrative Pathology (ESDIP) Survey Study.

Integrating digital pathology and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can potentially improve diagnostic practice and precision medicine. Developing reliable, generalizable, and comparable AI algorithms depends on access to meticulously annotated data. However, achieving this requires robust collaboration among pathologists, computer scientists, and other researchers to ensure data quality and consistency.

Bessel statistical convergence: New concepts and applications in sequence theory.

This research introduces novel concepts in sequence theory, including Bessel convergence, Bessel boundedness, Bessel statistical convergence, and Bessel statistical Cauchy sequences. These concepts establish new inclusion relations and related results within mathematical analysis. Additionally, we extend the first and second Korovkin-type approximation theorems by incorporating Bessel statistical convergence, providing a more robust and comprehensive framework than existing results.

Rapid response of lichen planus to baricitinib associated with suppression of cytotoxic CXCL13+CD8+ T cells.

BACKGROUNDCutaneous lichen planus (LP) is a recalcitrant, difficult-to-treat, inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritic, flat-topped, violaceous papules on the skin. Baricitinib is an oral Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor that interrupts the signaling pathway of IFN-γ, a cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of LP.METHODSIn this phase II trial, 12 patients with cutaneous LP received 2 mg daily baricitinib for 16 weeks, accompanied by in-depth spatial, single-cell, and bulk transcriptomic profiling of pre- and posttreatment samples.

Evaluation of techno-economic design andimplementation of solar-wind hybrid microgridsystem for a small community.

Pakistan is faces significant challenges in meeting its energy demand and consumption needs for consumers. This country's energy production from primary sources such as petroleum and natural gasses is incompetent in fuel-use and hence unable to meet feasibility cost. With an increasing population, Pakistan's energy consumption per capita has been steadily rising.

Comparing the Postoperative Outcomes of Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments in Three Different Topographic Patterns of Eccentric Keratoconus.

Purpose: To compare the postoperative outcomes following implantation of KERATACx ring segments (Imperial Medical Technologies Europe GmbH) in patients having eccentric keratoconus with three different topographic patterns.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Maadi Eye Subspeciality Center, Cairo, Egypt. The study included patients with keratoconus who had implantation of KERATACx ring segments.

Intestinal Malrotation With Colon Cancer: A Rare Cause of Obstruction in Adults.

Intestinal malrotation is an infrequent congenital anomaly. Its presentation in adults is rare, and it is usually discovered incidentally. This article presents an extremely rare case of an adult patient presenting with obstructing colon cancer associated with intestinal malrotation.

Effectiveness of Clinical Pharmacists-Led Medication Reconciliation to Prevent Medication Discrepancies in Hospitalized Patients: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim: Medication discrepancies are a major safety concern for hospitalized patients and healthcare professionals. Medication Reconciliation (MR) is a widely used tool in different practice settings to ensure the proper use of medications.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the clinical pharmacists-led MR process in identifying, preventing, and resolving medication discrepancies among hospitalized patients.

Vasoconstrictor Effects of Trace Amine-Associated Receptor Agonists in the Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney.

Introduction: Endogenous trace amines such as tryptamine and 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) are present in mammalian tissues at very low concentrations. They produce their actions by activating surface G protein-coupled receptors known as trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs).

Objective: The study was designed to investigate the possible vasoconstrictor effects of tryptamine, T1AM, and the selective TAAR1 agonist RO5263397 in isolated perfused rat kidney.

From bimodal to unimodal: The transformed incidence of osteosarcoma in the United States.

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. It has classically been described as having a bimodal incidence by age. We sought to identify whether the bimodal incidence distribution still exists for osteosarcoma using the SEER and NIS databases.