The effects of synbiotic supplementation along with non-surgical periodontal therapy in improving the metabolic status and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with periodontal disease: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: Diabetes mellitus and periodontitis are two common chronic diseases with bidirectional relationship. Considering the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of these two diseases, the use of nutritional supplements with antioxidant properties can be useful. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of daily synbiotic supplement in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontal disease (PD) under non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).

Cilostazol pretreatment prevents PTSD-related anxiety behavior through reduction of hippocampal neuroinflammation.

Current pharmacological treatments against post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) lack adequate efficacy. As a result, intense research has focused on identifying other molecular pathways mediating the pathogenesis of this condition. One such pathway is neuroinflammation, which has demonstrated a role in PTSD pathogenesis by causing synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death, and functional impairment in the hippocampus.

Spermidine reduced neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats.

Neuropathic pain is one of the most critical types of chronic pain despite the increasing advances in medical science. Spermidine (SPD) is a natural polyamine that has wide roles in several cellular processes inducing autophagy and reducing oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SPD on oxidative stress markers and pain threshold in the neuropathic rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) model.

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition accelerated the removal of fluoxetine's anxiogenic activity in an animal model of PTSD.

While SSRIs are the current first-line pharmacotherapies against post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), they suffer from delayed onset of efficacy and low remission rates. One solution is to combine SSRIs with other treatments. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been shown to play a role in serotonergic signaling, and there is evidence of synergism between nNOS modulation and SSRIs in models of other psychiatric conditions.

Effects of melatonin supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis under nonsurgical periodontal therapy: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin supplementation along with nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic periodontitis (CP).

Materials And Methods: The present study was a double-blind clinical trial. Fifty diabetic patients with periodontitis were randomly allocated to control ( = 25) and intervention groups ( = 25).

Buspirone Ameliorates Colon Inflammation in TNBS-Induced Rat Acute Colitis: The Involvement of TLR4/NF-kB Pathway.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory situation involving the whole digestive system. This illness includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. According to scientific research, the immune system plays an essential part in developing this disease.

The role of saffron in improvement of ocular surface disease in a mouse model of Lacrimal Gland Excision-induced dry eye disease.

One of the most prevalent eye disorders is dry eye disease (DED), described by ocular dryness due to the tear insufficiency. Prolonged dry eye causes damage and ulcer to the surface of the cornea. The core of the DED mechanism is inflammation which is a biological response of the body to pathogens.

Effect of low-level diode laser on and growth: An invitro study.

Introduction: Caries lesions are high prevalent dental infectious. Gram-positive bacteria are the most common pathogenic microorganisms causing caries lesions. Low-Level laser therapy has been shown to have a significant bactericidal effect without causing damage to the oral tissues.

Protective effect of dapsone against bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rat.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial disease of the lung tissue that causes symptoms such as coughing and asthma. It is caused by inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. In vivo model of IPF is induced by bleomycin (BLM,) a chemotherapeutic agent.

Assessment of Sumatriptan on Sepsis-Induced Kidney injury in the Cecal Ligation and Puncture Mice Model.

Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory response with high mortality rate resulting from different microorganisms. Cytokines activation is essential for the immune response, but in painful conditions like sepsis, cytokines act as a double-edged sword and dysregulate immune response which is life-threatening owing to multiple organ dysfunction. The abnormality in 5-HT function is involved in pathological conditions like irritable bowel syndrome, inflammation, myocardial ischemia, itch and renal injury.

Therapeutic Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extracts from the Ancient Apple Mela Rosa dei Monti Sibillini in Transient Global Ischemia in Rats.

The Mela Rosa dei Monti Sibillini is an ancient apple variety cultivated by Romans in the foothills of the Sibillini Mountains, central Italy, showing potential as a source of nutraceuticals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the peel (APE) and pulp (APP) of this fruit in an animal model of transient global ischemia. Chemical constituents were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-MS) indicating several polyphenols such as B-type procyanidins, quercetin derivatives and hydroxycinnamic acids as the main bioactive components.

Anti-inflammatory efficacy of Berberine Nanomicelle for improvement of cerebral ischemia: formulation, characterization and evaluation in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion rat model.

Background: Berberine (BBR) is a plant alkaloid that possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with low oral bioavailability. In this study, micelle formulation of BBR was investigated to improve therapeutic efficacy and examined its effect on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in cerebral ischemia in the animal model.

Material And Methods: Nano formulation was prepared by thin-film hydration method, and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) and Simulated Intestine Fluid (SIF).

Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Sumatriptan on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.

The liver detoxifies and metabolizes many drugs and xenobiotics which may cause hepatotoxicity due to some toxic agents. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl) is metabolized in cytochrome P450 and its reactive radical metabolites cause lipid peroxidation, cellular injury, and apoptosis. Sumatriptan (SUM), 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist, had anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.

Trifluoperazine reduces cuprizone-induced demyelination via targeting Nrf2 and IKB in mice.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. In this disease, the immune system attacks oligodendrocyte cells and the myelin sheath of myelinated neurons in the central nervous system, causing their destruction. These conditions lead to impaired conduction of nerve impulses and are manifested by symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, visual and motor disorders.

Comparing success of immediate versus delay loading of implants in fresh sockets: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: The replacement of teeth with osseointegrated implants is one of the significant advances in the field of restorative dentistry. The time interval between tooth extraction and the implant can be very short or long. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collect and evaluate articles related to determining the effect of instant loading of dental implants are placed in the fresh socket initial stability on the clinical success of the implant compared to delay loading dental implants.

Isofuranodiene, a Natural Sesquiterpene Isolated from Wild Celery ( L.), Protects Rats against Acute Ischemic Stroke.

The myrrh-like furanosesquiterpene isofuranodiene (IFD) is the main constituent of wild celery ( L., Apiaceae), an overlooked vegetable that was cultivated during the Roman Empire. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of IFD pre-treatment against oxidative stress and inflammatory response in an animal model of ischemic stroke.

Dapsone Ameliorates Colitis through TLR4/NF-kB Pathway in TNBS Induced Colitis Model in Rat.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD), a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), emerges with severe gastrointestinal (GI) tract inflammation, sometimes known as hostile abdomen. Conventional treatment of CD has several limitations such as insufficient response to treatment, and intolerable side effects of drugs. In addition, the high cost of biologic drugs prevents patients from continuing their treatment.

Chronically altered NMDAR signaling in epilepsy mediates comorbid depression.

Depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity of epilepsy. However, the molecular pathways underlying this association remain unclear. The NMDA receptor (NMDAR) may play a role in this association, as its downstream signaling has been shown to undergo long-term changes following excitotoxic neuronal damage.

Protective Effects of Spermidine Against Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy in Bile Duct-Ligated Rats.

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a critical factor that causes morbidity and mortality in crucial conditions such as liver transplantation. In animal model, the common pathophysiologic mechanisms of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy are similar to those associated with bile duct ligation (BDL). Overproduction of inflammatory and oxidant markers plays a crucial role in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.

Protective Effects of Leukadherin1 in a Rat Model of Targeted Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE): Possible Role of P47phox and MDA Downregulation.

Background: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are involved in pathologic mechanisms underlying demyelination and exacerbation in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. P47phox is the most important subunit of an ROS-producing enzyme (NADPH oxidase) which is reportedly upregulated in MS plaques due to the intense activity of infiltrated immune cells and resident microglia. Leukadherin1 is a specific CD11b/CD18 agonist that inhibits signaling and transmigration of inflammatory cells to sites of injury.

Risperidone attenuates acetic acid-induced colitis in rats through inhibition of TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway.

Aim: The purpose of the present study is to explore the anti-inflammatory potential of risperidone in acetic acid-induced rat colitis through inhibition of TLR4/NF-kB pathway.

Methods: Acute colitis induction was done by intra-rectal administration of 2 mL of 4% diluted acetic acid solution. Two h after colitis induction, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) as standard drugorrisperidone (2, 4 and 6 mg/kg) were administered orally to wistar rats for five consecutive days.

The protective effect of modafinil on vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats: A possible role for TRPA1 receptors.

Vincristine (VCR) induces peripheral neuropathy. We aimed to assess the efficacy of modafinil on VCR-induced neuropathy in rats. Neuropathy was induced by intraperitoneal (i.

Arthrocen, an avocado-soy unsaponifiable agent, improves acetic acid-induced colitis in rat by inhibition of NF-kB signaling pathway.

The goal of the current study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Arthrocen against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Acute inflammation was produced through intrarectal administration of 2 ml diluted acetic acid (4%) solution. All interventions were carried out for 5 days after colitis induction.

The Protective Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Troxerutin (Vitamin P4) for the Treatment of Chronic Diseases: A Mechanistic Review.

Troxerutin (TRX), a semi-synthetic bioflavonoid derived from rutin, has been reported to exert several pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and nephroprotective. However, the related molecular details and its mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present review, we presented evidences from the diversity in vitro and in vivo studies on the therapeutic potential of TRX against neurodegenerative, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases with the purpose to find molecular pathways related to the treatment efficacy.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Standardized Extracts from an Ancient Italian Apple Variety (Mela Rosa dei Monti Sibillini) against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl)-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the peel (APE) and pulp (APP) of a traditional apple cultivar from central Italy (Mela Rosa dei Monti Sibillini) on CCl-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Phytoconstituents were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis showing an abundance of proanthocyanidins and flavonol derivatives together with the presence of annurcoic acid in APE. Wistar rats received APE/APP (30 mg/kg oral administration) for three days before CCl injection (2 mL/kg intraperitoneal once on the third day).