Geographical Disparities in Colorectal Cancer in Canada: A Review.

Purpose Of Review: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prominent contributor to cancer-related mortality in Canada. This review paper sheds light on the research conducted in Canada to scrutinize the influence of economicfactors. The review seeks to uncover notable disparities in Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rate across diverse Canadian populations, including Indigenous communities, rural dwellers, and individuals with lower socioeconomic status (SES).

Our Experience in Subadventitial Dissection vs. Intracapsular Dissection Technique of Carotid Body Tumors Surgery.

This study provides a single-center experience involving intracapsular dissection for Shamblin II carotid body tumors (CBTs) and compares the outcomes with the classic technique of subadventitial resection. Based on the preliminary results, it seems that the enucleation technique facilitates the dissection of carotid body tumors, offering protection to cranial nerves and the internal/external/common carotid artery by utilizing the capsule as a barrier. The classic subadventitial resection approach and the enucleation technique have comparable postoperative complications.

Geographical Disparities in Lung Cancer in Canada: A Review.

Purpose Of Review: The eastern provinces of Canada exhibit a heightened prevalence and mortality rate of lung cancer compared to their western counterparts. While established risk factors for lung cancer exist in Canada, there remains ambiguity regarding the underlying provincial and territorial trends. This review aims to identify and analyze potential contributors to healthcare inequality, guiding policymakers towards a strategic and sustainable approach at the provincial level.

Carotid Sheath Dissection and Histopathology During Neck Dissection in Head and Neck Carcinomas.

To investigate the carotid sheath in neck dissection (ND) specimens histopathologically in patients with head and neck carcinomas who had no evidence of previous neck surgery or direct involvement of the carotid sheath in their pre- or intra-operative evaluations. In this study, carotid sheath (CS) specimens of 40 patients with head and neck carcinomas (HNCA) who, depending on the condition of the primary tumor, required unilateral or bilateral elective or therapeutic selective neck dissection were histopathologically investigated by an expert head and neck pathologist to find any lymphoid or thyroid like tissue or tumor cells infiltration. A total of 50 carotid sheath (CS) specimens were investigated.

Predicting metastasis in gastric cancer patients: machine learning-based approaches.

Gastric cancer (GC), with a 5-year survival rate of less than 40%, is known as the fourth principal reason of cancer-related mortality over the world. This study aims to develop predictive models using different machine learning (ML) classifiers based on both demographic and clinical variables to predict metastasis status of patients with GC. The data applied in this study including 733 of GC patients, divided into a train and test groups at a ratio of 8:2, diagnosed at Taleghani tertiary hospital.

The effect of ventilation tube insertion in central auditory processing disorders in children with otitis media with effusion.

Introduction: Otitis media with effusion is one of the most common diseases among children. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether the resolvement of conductive hearing loss from the insertion of a ventilation tube also improves central auditory processing disorders in children with otitis media with effusion.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, 20 children between 6 and 12 years old were diagnosed with otitis media with effusion and 20 normal children were included in the study.

Comparison of swallowing disorder in patients with tongue cancer undergoing reconstruction with either a radial forearm free flap or a submental island flap.

Purpose: In this study, the swallowing status of patients with tongue cancer undergone tongue reconstruction using radial forearm free flaps (RFFF) and submental flaps were compared.

Methods: A total of 26 patients with tongue cancer undergone tongue resection were randomly treated by tongue reconstruction with either submental flap or RFFF approach. Swallowing status of the patients was investigated using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) by measurement of pharyngeal residue and penetration scales.

Effects of emulsifier, betaine, and L-carnitine on growth performance, immune response, gut morphology, and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens exposed to cyclic heat stress.

1. This experiment investigated the efficacy of varying doses of an emulsifier blend (EB; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet), betaine (BT; 0 and 1 g/kg of diet) and L-carnitine (CT; 0 and 0.5 g/kg of diet) in broilers subjected to circular heat stress (HS) conditions.

Therapeutic effects of Rosa canina, Urtica dioica and Tanacetum vulgare herbal combination in treatment of tinnitus symptoms: A double-blind randomised clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Neurotec® herbal capsule (100 mg twice a day for 3 months) on the tinnitus symptoms in comparison with the placebo.

Design: A double-blind randomised clinical trial.

Setting: Otolaryngology clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital.

Molecular Evaluation of Infection and Its Association with Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Polymorphism in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions.

Background: The rate of infections in the intensive care units (ICUs) is rising, mainly because of the increasing use of invasive procedures. Several bacterial infections and host genetic backgrounds, including TNFα SNP polymorphisms, play important roles in recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). So, this study aimed to evaluate C.

Is Serum TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 levels Correlated to Children with Autism Intensity?

Objective: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), a group of multifunctional growth factors, plays an important role in the neuron survival and neurodevelopmental functions. Some studies have evaluated the correlation between TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 abnormalities and autism spectrum disorders. In this study, we compared the TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 levels between autistic and intellectually normal individuals.

Effects of a Novel Barley-Based Formulation on Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Current treatment options for Allergic Rhinitis (AR) may have their own limitations and side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ma-al-Shaeer (MS), a novel natural formulation based on Hordeum vulgare, in the treatment of AR compared with Fexofenadine (FX).

Methods: A total of 77 patients with AR were divided into two groups: MS group (n=38) and FX group (n=39).

Amplification of glyceryl trinitrate-induced headache features by noxious craniofacial stimuli in pain-free healthy humans.

Aim: Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) provokes an immediate migraine-like headache, followed by a delayed migraine attack in migraineurs. In healthy volunteers, only an immediate, less severe and shorter headache occurs. The presence of an already sensitized nervous system in migraineurs may underlie the more intense and prolonged GTN-evoked headaches.

Effect of ESS on Olfactory Threshold of Patients with CRS without Nasal Polyps.

Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by a long-time inflammatory disease of nasal and sinus mucosa. Olfactory dysfunction is common among CRS patients with a prevalence ranging from 48% to 83%. We aimed to assess the effect of ESS on olfactory function of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps.

Determinations of Melamine Residue in Infant Formula Brands Available in Iran Market Using by HPLC Method.

The contamination of melamine was evaluated in 69 infants along with follow up formula samples collected from the market for the first time in Iran using HPLC method. Since there are no previous data concerning the contamination level of melamine in all brands of infant formula samples consumed using the HPLC method in Iran, this study is the first investigation in this regard. Our results showed that melamine contamination was found in 65% of samples, where mean and maximum levels of melamine were 0.

The Effect of PRP-enriched Gelfoam on Chronic Tympanic Membrane Perforation: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of PRP-enriched gelfoam on the healing of chronic TM perforation in comparison with gelfoam alone.

Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial Patients with chronic tympanic membrane were randomly allocated to two groups; intervention group underwent tympanoplasty with platelet rich plasma (PRP)- enriched gel foams and control group underwent operation with conventional gel foams alone. Patients information was recorded 4 and 12 months after surgery.

The Relationship between Serum Selenium and Zinc with Gastroesophageal Cancers in the Southeast of Iran.

Background: Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) have antioxidant and anticancer properties.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of Se and Zn and the correlation between the levels of these two elements with risk of incidence of esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC).

Materials And Methods: In a case-control study, we selected sixty patients with GC or EC as the intervention group and 120 age-matched individuals as the control group.

Consanguinity Among Parents of Iranian Deaf Children.

Background: It seems that there is a relationship between consanguinity and profound hearing loss but there is little data about the association of consanguinity and hearing loss in Iran.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the causes of profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss among Iranian samples who are candidates for cochlear implantation.

Methods: This study was retrospective, analytical, and designed to collect information about profound hearing impaired cases referred to the Baqiyatallah Cochlear implantation center using enumeration.

Penetrating nose and maxillary sinus injury with a metal part of a military gun.

Foreign bodies (FBs) in the paranasal sinuses are rare, whether iatrogenic or traumatic. One of the most common causes of such traumatic injuries is gunshot wounds from the bullets. Removing FBs from the paranasal sinuses usually needs endoscopic or open surgery.

Association between Programmed Cell Death 6 Interacting Protein Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and the Risk of Breast Cancer in a Sample of Iranian Population.

It has been suggested that genetic factors contribute to patients' vulnerability to breast cancer (BC). The programmed cell death 6 interacting protein (PDCD6IP) encodes for a protein that is known to bind to the products of the PDCD6 gene, which is involved in the apoptosis pathway. The aim of this case-control study is to investigate the relationship between the PDCD6IP 15 bp insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs28381975) and BC risk in an Iranian population.

Tongue-tie Repair: Z-Plasty Vs Simple Release.

Introduction: Ankyloglossia is a congenital anomaly in which the lingual frenulum is unusually short and thick, thus decreasing tongue mobility. In the context of the newborn or young infant it is a subject of ongoing controversy within and between medical specialties. The controversy involves not only the definition but also the management of this anomaly.

Association between LAPTM4B gene polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility in an Iranian population.

Lysosome associated protein transmembrane 4beta (LAPTM4B) contribute to the risk of numerous cancers. The present study focused on the possible association between LAPTM4B polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer (BC) in an Iranian population in southeast Iran. This case control study includes 311 BC patients and 225 healthy women.

Prevalence of epileptiform discharges in children with sensori-neural hearing loss and behavioral problems compared to their normal hearing peers.

Objective: Overactivity and behavioral problems are common problems in children with prelingually profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Data on epileptiform electroencephalography (EEG) discharges in deaf children with psychological disorders are so limited. The primary focus of this study was to determine the prevalence of epileptiform discharges (EDs) in children with SNHL and overactivity or behavioral problems.