The effect of dopaminergic neuron transplantation and melatonin co-administration on oxidative stress-induced cell death in Parkinson's disease.

A gradual degeneration of the striatum and loss of nigral dopamine cells are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Nowadays, combination therapy for neurodegenerative disease is considered. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin and dopaminergic neurons derived from adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Condition Medium Loaded on PCL Nanofibrous Scaffold Promoted Nerve Regeneration After Sciatic Nerve Transection in Male Rats.

Nowadays, researchers pay a vast deal of attention to neural tissue regeneration due to its tremendous effect on the patient's life. There are many strategies, from using conventional autologous nerve grafts to the newly developed methods for reconstructing damaged nerves. Among the various therapeutic methods, incorporating highly potent biomolecules and growth factors, the damaged nerve site would promote nerve regeneration.

The impact of congenital uterine abnormalities on pregnancy and fertility: a literature review.

Congenital abnormalities of the uterus result primarily from embryological maldevelopment of the paramesonephric ducts and have been associated with pregnancy complications, reduced fertility, and other adverse fetal outcomes. While such abnormalities are rare, affected patients should be correctly managed to improve psychological, sexual, and reproductive outcomes. This review intends to elucidate the impact of congenital uterine abnormalities on fertility and pregnancy outcomes.

Disorders of sex development and female reproductive capacity: A literature review.

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are a wide-ranging group of complex conditions that influence chromosomal, gonadal, and phenotypic sex. The prevalence of DSD is very low, but affected patients deserve individualized management to improve psychological, sexual, and reproductive outcomes. This review aims to clarify the fertility potential of DSD patients who can be reared as females and their chance of becoming pregnant, especially using assisted reproductive techniques (ART).

The role of Tetrahydrocannabinol in inducing disrupted signaling cascades, hippocampal atrophy and memory defects.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a major psychoactive constituent of marijuana, can substantially change the function of several brain areas, leading to behavioral impairment including memory and learning dysfunction. Given the importance of hippocampus as one of the chief parts of the brain involved in memory processing, the present study seeks to investigate structural and histological alterations in hippocampus as well as behavioral defects provoked by THC treatment. Besides, using genome-wide sequencing, we adopted a pathway-based approach to discover dysregulated molecular pathways.

Long-Term Effects of Hippocampal Low-Frequency Stimulation on Pro-Inflammatory Factors and Astrocytes Activity in Kindled Rats.

Objective: Epilepsy is accompanied by inflammation, and the anti-inflammatory agents may have anti-seizure effects. In this investigation, the effect of deep brain stimulation, as a potential therapeutic approach in epileptic patients, was investigated on seizure-induced inflammatory factors.

Materials And Methods: In the present experimental study, rats were kindled by chronic administration of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ; 34 mg/Kg).

Transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells compensates for striatal atrophy and modulates neuro-inflammation in 3-nitropropionic acid rat model of Huntington's disease.

Stem cell-based therapy has recently offered a promising alternative for the remedy of neurodegenerative disorders like Huntington's disease (HD). Herein, we investigated the potential ameliorative effects of implantation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) rat models of HD. In this regard, human DPSCs were isolated, culture-expanded and implanted in rats lesioned with 3-NP.

Tissue Plasminogen Activator Loaded PCL Nanofibrous Scaffold Promoted Nerve Regeneration After Sciatic Nerve Transection in Male Rats.

According to the studies, damages to the peripheral nerve as a result of a trauma or acute compression, stretching, or burns accounts for a vast range of discomforts which strongly impressed the patient's life quality. Applying highly potent biomolecules and growth factors in the damaged nerve site would promote the probability of nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is one of the components that can contribute importantly to degenerating and regenerating the peripheral nerves following the injuries occurred and the absence of this biomolecule hinders the recoveries of the nerves.

Neuroanatomical changes of the medial prefrontal cortex of male pups of Wistar rat after prenatal and postnatal noise stress.

Recent evidences showed that, noise stress causes abnormal changes in structure and function of central nervous system (CNS). The Current study was conducted to evaluate some stereological parameters of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male pups of Wistar rat after prenatal and early postnatal noise stress. 18 pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into prenatal noise-exposed (NE) group, postnatal NE group, and controls.

Postmortem Study of Molecular and Histological Changes in the CA1 Hippocampal Region of Chronic Methamphetamine User.

Methamphetamine (Meth) is recognized as one of the most important new distributed abused drug that causes severe damage to the different parts of the brain, especially hippocampus. Previous studies have demonstrated that Meth can induce apoptosis and cell death in the brain. In this study, we evaluated the long-term effects of Meth abuse in the CA1 region of postmortem hippocampus.

Alpha lipoic acid ameliorates THIM-induced prefrontal cell loss and abnormal enzymatically contents in the developing rat.

Thimerosal (THIM) is a common preservative used in many pharmaceutical drugs, vaccines, cosmetics and many other products. Today, it was somewhat clear that Thimerosal (THIM) is a neurotoxicant preservative. We aimed to use of a suitable agent for preventing of THIM side effects on brain.

Functional dopaminergic neurons derived from human chorionic mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate striatal atrophy and improve behavioral deficits in Parkinsonian rat model.

Human chorionic mesenchymal stem cells (HCMSCs) have been recognized as a desirable choice for cell therapy in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Due to invaluable features of HCMSCs including their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties, easily accessible and less differentiated compared to other types of MSCs, HCMSCs provide a great hope for regenerative medicine. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of HCMSCs-derived dopaminergic (DA) neuron-like cells with regard to PD.

Neuroprotective effect of exogenous melatonin on the noradrenergic neurons of adult male rats' locus coeruleus nucleus following REM sleep deprivation.

Melatonin is primarily secreted by the pineal gland in dark. In addition to its role as an internal sleep facilitator, melatonin acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents. melatonin has been introduced as a therapeutic strategy for sleep disorders.

Sciatic nerve injury alters the spatial arrangement of neurons and glial cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord.

The spatial arrangement of the cell is important and considered as underlying mechanism for mathematical modeling of cell to cell interaction. The ability of cells to take on the characteristics of other cells in an organism, it is important to understand the dynamical behavior of the cells. This method implements experimental parameters of the cell-cell interaction into the mathematical simulation of cell arrangement.

Peripheral axotomy-induced changes of motor function and histological structure of spinal anterior horn.

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of both peripheral motor function and histology of spinal anterior horn in adult rats after unilateral sciatectomy. Ten adult healthy rats served as control group, while in the ten rat experimental group the right sciatic nerve was severed. We followed-up nerve motor function using a sciatic function index and electromyography activity of the gastrocnemious muscle.

Neuro-restorative effect of sertoli cell transplants in a rat model of amyloid beta toxicity.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative nerve disease which adversely affects memory and learning skills. Currently, there is no disease-modifying therapeutic approach for AD. However, a growing body of literature suggests cell based therapies as a promising remedy for neurological disorders.

Nigral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine induces changes in spatial arrangement of striatal neuron and glial cells.

In Parkinson's disease, nigral dopamine neurons are lost and the structure of the striatum is progressively degraded. These events lead to a substantial neuronal loss in the striatum, changing spatial pattern of the neurons and glial cells, and associated cellular connections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a new insight into whether the Parkinson's disease causes a change in the spatial arrangement of the neurons and glial cells in the striatum.

Stem cell transplantation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Spinal cord injury is a significant cause of motor dysfunctions. There is no definite cure for it, and most of the therapeutic modalities are only symptomatic treatment. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of stem cell therapy in the treatment of the spinal cord injuries in animal models was studied and evaluated.

Cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel together with or without inducer cocktail improves human adipose tissue-derived stem cells differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

Studies have demonstrated that differentiation of stem cells into cardiomyocytes is a complex phenomenon that requires sufficient inducing factors at various time points. Cardiac extracellular matrix (cECM) could provide tissue specific microenvironment and act as an inductive template for efficient cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cECM on differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) into cardiomyocytes using cECM hydrogel in combination with a cardiac inductive cocktail.

Alterations of neuroimmune cell density and pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to thimerosal in prefrontal lobe of male rats.

Evidence suggests that the effect of heavy metals on neuroimmune cells lead to neurogenic inflammatory responses. In this study, immune cells [mast cells (MCs) and microglia] and pro-neuroinflammation cytokines (interleukin-1b and tumor necrosis factor-α) were assessed in the prefrontal lobe of rat brains exposed to thimerosal in different timeframes. A total of 108 neonatal Wistar rats were divided into three groups having three subgroups.

Resveratrol Protects Purkinje Neurons and Restores Muscle Activity in Rat Model of Cerebellar Ataxia.

Cerebellar ataxia (CA) is regarded as a miscellaneous cluster of brain disorders related to the cerebellum. Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound. Previous reports suggest that resveratrol confers neuroprotection in various animal models of brain damage.

Sertoli Cells Avert Neuroinflammation-Induced Cell Death and Improve Motor Function and Striatal Atrophy in Rat Model of Huntington Disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetically heritable disorder, linked with continuing cell loss and degeneration mostly in the striatum. Currently, cell therapy approaches in HD have essentially been focused on replenishing or shielding cells lost over the period of the disease. Herein, we sought to explore the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of primary rat Sertoli cells (SCs) and their paracrine effect against oxidative stress with emphasis on HD.

Human Umbilical Cord Matrix Stem Cells Reverse Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death and Ameliorate Motor Function and Striatal Atrophy in Rat Model of Huntington Disease.

Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited disorder hallmarked by progressive deterioration of specific neurons, followed by movement and cognitive anomalies. Cell therapy approaches in neurodegenerative conditions have concentrated on the replenishment of lost/dying neurons with functional ones. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been represented as a potential remedy for HD.

The Neuroprotective Effects of Flaxseed Oil Supplementation on Functional Motor Recovery in a Model of Ischemic Brain Stroke: Upregulation of BDNF and GDNF.

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a common leading cause of disability. Flaxseed is a richest plant-based source of antioxidants. In this study, the effects of flaxseed oil (FSO) pretreatment on functional motor recovery and gene expression and protein content of neurotrophic factors in motor cortex area in rat model of brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) were assessed.