Enhancement of Visuospatial Working Memory by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Prefrontal and Parietal Cortices.

Introduction: Previous studies have reported dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) activation during the performance of spatial working memory (SWM), therefore this study aims to compare the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) between these two areas.

Methods: Fifty-four healthy right-handed students (27 women, 27 men; age=24.3±0.

Comparing the Effects of Differential and Visuo-Motor Training on Functional Performance, Biomechanical, and Psychological Factors in Athletes after ACL Reconstruction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Variation during practice is widely accepted to be advantageous for motor learning and is, therefore, a valuable strategy to effectively reduce high-risk landing mechanics and prevent primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Few attempts have examined the specific effects of variable training in athletes who have undergone ACL reconstruction. Thereby, it is still unclear to what extent the variations in different sensor areas lead to different effects.

The relationship between lifestyle and anthropometric factors with the sleep characteristics among university students in Iran: the MEPHASOUS study.

Background: Healthy sleep habits have an important role in normal cognitive function, emotional performance, and well-being. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of sleep among university students in Iran. In addition, we assessed the relationship between lifestyle and anthropometric factors with the sleep characteristics.

Breakfast consumption is inversely associated with primary headaches in university students: The MEPHASOUS study.

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the association between breakfast consumption pattern and primary headaches in a large population of university students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on the MEPHASOUS dataset that contained the information of 83,677 university students, aged ≥18 years, from 28 provinces of Iran. Dietary intakes and breakfast consumption pattern were assessed using a validated self-administered dietary habits questionnaire.

Dairy Consumption in Relation to Hypertension Among a Large Population of University Students: The MEPHASOUS Study.

Background: Hypertension is a chronic condition that its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. Findings on the association between dairy consumption and hypertension are conflicting and few data are available in the Middle East.

Aim: To assess the association between dairy consumption and hypertension among a large population of university students.

Comparison of some intrinsic risk factors of shoulder injury in three phases of menstrual cycle in collegiate female athletes.

Objectives: present study aims to investigate the changes in the shoulder joint stability factors during the menstrual cycle.

Design: cross-sectional study; SETTING: laboratory.

Participants: 15 healthy collegiate female athletes with normal menstrual cycles.

Dairy consumption in relation to primary headaches among a large population of university students: The MEPHASOUS study.

Aim: To investigate the association between dairy consumption and primary headaches among a large population of university students.

Methods: Totally, 83,622 university students aged 18 years or older were included in the current cross-sectional study. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated self-administered dietary habits questionnaire.

Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption in relation to hypertension among Iranian university students: the MEPHASOUS study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the link between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption and hypertension among a large population in the Middle East.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study (a part of Mental and Physical Health Assessment of University Student: MEPHASOUS study), 66,634 university students from all provinces of Iran, aged ≥ 18 years, were included. A self-administered dietary habits questionnaire was used to assess SSBs consumption as well as other dietary intakes.

Transcranial direct current stimulation on prefrontal and parietal areas enhances motor imagery.

Considering the potential effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve motor imagery the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tDCS on prefrontal and postparietal cortex in hand mental rotation (HMR). This investigation was a single-blind, randomized study which 60 healthy right-hand college students (30 males and 30 females, age 24.27±0.

Breakfast consumption pattern and its association with overweight and obesity among university students: a population-based study.

Purpose: To determine the association between breakfast consumption habit and overweight and obesity in a sample of Iranian university students.

Methods: A sample of 78,905 university students, aged 18 years or older, was recruited from 28 provinces in Iran to assess breakfast consumption pattern. Breakfast consumption habit was evaluated using a pre-tested questionnaire.

Iranian university students lifestyle and health status survey: study profile.

Background: The physical health assessment of university students in Iran is a national large scale assessment examining health behaviors among tertiary education students. Understanding risky health behaviors which are the major sources of global mortality and morbidity in adulthood is the key objective of this assessment.

Methods: In academic year of 2012-2013, newly admitted students ( = 151,671) at 74 governmental eligible universities that had health center from 28 provinces were invited to participate in the health assessment program.

Deficiency in Mental Rotation of Upper and Lower-Limbs in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Its Relation With Cognitive Functions.

Mental rotation is a cognitive motor process which was impaired in different neurologic disorders. We investigated whether there were deficits in response pattern, reaction time and response accuracy rate of mental rotation in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to healthy subjects and whether cognitive dysfunctions in MS patients were correlated with mental rotation deficits. Moreover, we showed whether there was a difference between upper and lower-limbs mental rotation in MS patients.

Numerical distance effect in patients with schizophrenia.

There is growing evidence showing that mental representation of numbers is impaired in patients with schizophrenia. Yet, no study has examined the distance effect in the patients. We assessed the distance effect using two number size comparison tasks, with different number references (5 and 7) in 23 patients and 28 healthy individuals.

Neural evidence for compromised mental imagery in individuals with chronic schizophrenia.

Mental imagery impairment has been reported in schizophrenia. The present study aimed to investigate the neural evidence for mental imagery impairment in patients with schizophrenia. The study participants included 20 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 18 healthy control subjects.

Abnormalities of mental rotation of hands associated with speed of information processing and executive function in chronic schizophrenic patients.

Aim: Deficits in mental imagery ability have been reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, there is scarce evidence about the correlation between impairment in mental rotation and other cognitive deficits in the patients. The aim of this study was to assess mental rotation ability, along with other measures of cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.

Abnormalities of motor imagery and relationship with depressive symptoms in mildly disabling relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background And Purpose: The effectiveness of motor imagery (MI) as an adjunct to physical rehabilitation has previously been shown. Motor imagery ability can be affected by neurologic disorders that affect motor and cognitive function. This study was designed to assess MI ability in persons with mildly disabling relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) based on the functional and cognitive dysfunctions.

The reliability and validity study of the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire in individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Objective: Motor imagery (MI) has been recently considered as an adjunct to physical rehabilitation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is necessary to assess MI abilities and benefits in patients with MS by using a reliable tool. The Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ) was recently developed to assess MI ability in patients with stroke and other disabilities.

Compromised motor imagery ability in individuals with multiple sclerosis and mild physical disability: an ERP study.

Background: Motor imagery (MI) impairment has been reported in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study was designed to investigate neural evidence for MI impairment and its relationship to working memory in MS patients.

Methods: The study participants included 24 early stage MS patients (age: 22-40/mean=32.