Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and improve collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis causes excessive bone loss by stimulating osteoclast differentiation. Extracellular vesicles are valuable disease markers, conveyors of distant cell-to-cell communication, and carriers for drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-osteoclastogenic effects of extracellular vesicles derived from dairy Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 (PFEVs) and the improvement effect of PFEVs on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) animal model.

Microbial chaperonin 60 inhibits osteoclast differentiation by interfering with RANK/RANKL binding and overexpression of lipocalin2.

Osteoclasts play a crucial role in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of chaperonin 60 (CPN60), identified in the surface proteins of Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2, on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with CPN60 inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by decreasing the expression of osteoclast differentiation-related genes and proteins.

Protective Effects of Heat-Killed against β-Amyloid-Induced Apoptosis on SH-SY5Y Cells.

A high level of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) generates reactive oxygen species that induce neuronal death and DNA damage. The interaction between the gut microbiota and brain health has attracted attention in recent years. Heat-killed (hkRA) reportedly protects neurons against damage induced by oxidative stress.

Surface-exposed chaperonin 60 derived from Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 inhibits adipogenesis by decreasing the expression of C/EBPα/PPARγ.

Recent studies have shown that the health benefits of probiotics are not limited to those offered by living bacteria. It was reported that both live and killed cells of Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 (MJ2) isolated from raw milk showed antiobesity activity in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet-induced obese mice. This study was aimed at identifying the active component(s) responsible for the antiadipogenic activity of MJ2.

Surface proteins of Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by lipocalin-2 upregulation and lipocalin-2-mediated NFATc1 inhibition.

Osteoclasts degrade bone and osteoclast differentiation has been implicated in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. The dairy bacterium Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 (MJ2) isolated from raw milk inhibits osteoclast differentiation and ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of the surface proteins of MJ2 on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation and explain the underlying mechanism.

Specific activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α by propionate metabolism via a β-oxidation-like pathway stimulates MUC2 production in intestinal goblet cells.

Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are known to stimulate mucin expression in the intestine, which contributes to the gut mucosal immune responses, and the gut mucosal immune system extends to the brain and other organs through several axes. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), especially HIF-1α, are known to act as the master regulator of mucin expression, however, underlying mechanism of mucin expression during hypoxia by SCFAs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of MUC2 expression by propionate, an SCFA, in intestinal goblet cells.

Remofuscin induces xenobiotic detoxification via a lysosome-to-nucleus signaling pathway to extend the Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan.

Lipofuscin is a representative biomarker of aging that is generated naturally over time. Remofuscin (soraprazan) improves age-related eye diseases by removing lipofuscin from retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. In this study, the effect of remofuscin on longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans and the underlying mechanism were investigated.

Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mice.

Osteoclast differentiation is crucial for bone absorption, and osteoclasts are involved in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Dairy is used as a cheese starter and possesses prebiotic and postbiotic properties. It is known to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria and produces valuable metabolites, such as vitamin B12 and propionic acid.

Trauma-informed care for children involved with the child welfare system: A meta-analysis.

Background: There has been a burgeoning development of trauma-informed care (TIC) interventions for children involved with the child welfare system. A quantitative synthesis of these interventions' effects on child wellbeing is warranted for the advancement of evidence-based practices.

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate TIC interventions' pooled effect on the wellbeing of children involved with the child welfare system, while examining factors that may moderate the effect.

Anti-asthma and antitussive effects of a fermented extract of a mixture of , , and .

Unlabelled: Respiratory immunity is getting more important recently due to outbreak of respiratory diseases and increasing the concentration of fine dust. The aim of this study was to investigate respiratory protection effect of a fermented extract of medicinal plants (FEMP) containing , and . The expression levels of and in LPS/poly-L-arginine (PLA) and FEMP-cotreated A549 cells were lower than those in LPS/PLA only-treated cells.

Oxyresveratrol Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Rats by Suppressing Inflammation.

Colitis causes destruction of the intestinal mucus layer and increases intestinal inflammation. The use of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents derived from natural sources has been recently highlighted as a new approach for the treatment of colitis. Oxyresveratrol (OXY) is an antioxidant known to have various beneficial effects on human health, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial activity, and antiviral activity.

Probiotic MJ2 Enhances Osteoblast Differentiation and Mineralization by Increasing the OPG/RANKL Ratio.

Osteoblast differentiation is important for the development of bone and the maintenance of bone density. is a probiotic with an anti-inflammatory property. The aim of this study was to investigate the enhancement effect of MJ2 (MJ2) isolated from raw milk on osteoblast differentiation, mineralization, and its signaling pathway.

Antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of the dairy bacterium Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 in high-fat diet-induced obese mice by modulating lipid metabolism.

Obesity can cause chronic metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of the dairy bacterium P. freudenreichii MJ2 isolated from raw milk using 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.

Efficacy of Ethanolic Extract of var. Stems for Improving Cognitive Function in Elderly Subjects 55-85 Years of Age: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Many natural compounds have been reported to improve cognitive function in cell- and animal-based studies. In this clinical trial, we evaluated the efficacy of ethanolic extract of var. stem for improving cognitive function using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial ( = 81) in aged people.

Enzyme-Treated Ethanol Extract Protects from UVA Irradiation-Induced Wrinkle Formation via Inhibition of Lysosome Exocytosis and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation.

Ultraviolet A (UVA) is a risk factor for photoaging and wrinkle formation. is an herbaceous perennial plant. It contains many bioactive compounds such as tricin that show antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Increases Erythropoietin by Activation of Citrate Cycle and Stimulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Expression in Rats.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is the primary regulator of erythropoiesis in the mammalian fetus and adult. Deficiency of EPO induces anemia. In this study, we investigated the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on serum EPO levels and erythropoiesis in rats.

Exogenous NAD Stimulates MUC2 Expression in LS 174T Goblet Cells via the PLC-Delta/PTGES/PKC-Delta/ERK/CREB Signaling Pathway.

Background: MUC2, a major component of the mucus layer in the intestine, is associated with antimicrobial activity and gut immune system function. Currently, mucin is mainly known for its critical function in defense against toxic molecules and pathogens. In this study, we investigated the stimulatory effects of exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) on the expression of MUC2 in LS 174T goblet cells.

Dairy Propionibacterium freudenreichii ameliorates acute colitis by stimulating MUC2 expression in intestinal goblet cell in a DSS-induced colitis rat model.

An intact mucus layer is important in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dairy Propionibacterium freudenreichii has probiotic potential, produces propionic acid and is known to promote health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of P.

Oxyresveratrol Induces Autophagy via the ER Stress Signaling Pathway, and Oxyresveratrol-Induced Autophagy Stimulates MUC2 Synthesis in Human Goblet Cells.

Background: Autophagy is a cell protection system invoked to eliminate the damaged organelles and misfolded proteins that induce various stresses, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Autophagy can control mucin secretion in goblet cells. Oxyresveratrol (OXY), an antioxidant, stimulates expression of MUC2.

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid Increases Absorption of Glycine-Bound Iron in Mice with Iron Deficiency Anemia.

Iron deficiency is a leading cause of anemia. Amino acids are known to promote the absorption of both soluble and insoluble iron. The bioavailability of organic iron is higher than that of inorganic iron.

Antiobesity effect of ethanolic extract of Ramulus mori in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a plant that mainly grows in East Asian countries such as Korea and China and has been used as a folk remedy for improving inflammation, cancer, and diabetes. Ramulus mori, the twig of Morus alba L.

Resveratrol controls Escherichia coli growth by inhibiting the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump.

Resveratrol (RSV), a phytoalexin found in grapes and other plants, is known to have antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli. In this study, we aimed to identify the target gene(s) for the antibacterial activity of RSV in E. coli.

An oral toxicity test in rats and a genotoxicity study of extracts from the stems of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten.

Background: Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (OFIS) is used widely in Korea to treat constipation due to its diuretic effects and its enhancement of bowel function and appetite. However, its safety has not yet been established.

Oxyresveratrol stimulates mucin production in an NAD-dependent manner in human intestinal goblet cells.

The intestinal mucus layer plays an important role in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oxyresveratrol (OXY), an antioxidant, on the stimulation of mucin production in human LS 174T goblet cells and the underlying mechanism thereof. OXY increased MUC2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels.