Microlens array camera with variable apertures for single-shot high dynamic range (HDR) imaging.

We report a microlens array camera with variable apertures (MACVA) for high dynamic range (HDR) imaging by using microlens arrays with various sizes of apertures. The MACVA comprises variable apertures, microlens arrays, gap spacers, and a CMOS image sensor. The microlenses with variable apertures capture low dynamic range (LDR) images with different f-stops under single-shot exposure.

Development and Characterization of Synthetic Norovirus RNA for Use in Molecular Detection Methods.

Background: Reference materials are essential for the quality assurance of molecular detection methods. We developed and characterized synthetic norovirus GI and GII RNA reference materials.

Methods: Norovirus GI and GII RNA sequences including the ORF1-ORF2 junction region were designed based on 1,495 reported norovirus sequences and synthesized via plasmid preparation and transcription.

Ultrathin arrayed camera for high-contrast near-infrared imaging.

We report an ultrathin arrayed camera (UAC) for high-contrast near infrared (NIR) imaging by using microlens arrays with a multilayered light absorber. The UAC consists of a multilayered composite light absorber, inverted microlenses, gap-alumina spacers and a planar CMOS image sensor. The multilayered light absorber was fabricated through lift-off and repeated photolithography processes.

Manassantin B shows antiviral activity against coxsackievirus B3 infection by activation of the STING/TBK-1/IRF3 signalling pathway.

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is an important human pathogen associated with the development of acute pancreatitis, myocarditis, and type 1 diabetes. Currently, no vaccines or antiviral therapeutics are approved for the prevention and treatment of CVB3 infection. We found that Saururus chinensis Baill extract showed critical antiviral activity against CVB3 infection in vitro.

Antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity of budesonide against human rhinovirus infection mediated via autophagy activation.

Human rhinovirus (HRV) infection causes more than 80% of all common colds and is associated with severe complications in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To identify antiviral drug against HRV infection, we screened 800 FDA-approved drugs and found budesonide as one of the possible drug candidates. Budesonide is a corticosteroid, which is commonly used to prevent exacerbation of asthma and symptoms of common cold.

Therapeutic and prophylactic activity of itraconazole against human rhinovirus infection in a murine model.

Human rhinovirus (HRV) is the most common viral infectious agent in humans and is the predominant cause of the common cold. There is a need for appropriate vaccines or therapeutic agents to treat HRV infection. In this study, we investigated whether itraconazole (ICZ) can protect cells from HRV-induced cytotoxicity.