Analysis of temporary skeletal anchorage devices used for en-masse retraction: a preliminary study.

Introduction: The aim of this preliminary study was to analyze the results of en-masse incisor and canine retraction with temporary skeletal anchorage devices (TSADs) as the exclusive source of anchorage.

Methods: A retrospective clinical investigation supported by preliminary case reports was performed comparing pretreatment cephalometric radiographs with those taken after en-masse retraction of the 6 anterior teeth. The sample consisted of 17 nongrowing patients with an average age of 24.