Preoperative EUS-guided FNA: effects on peritoneal recurrence and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Background And Aims: EUS-guided FNA (EUS-FNA) is an accurate and relatively safe tissue confirmation method for pancreatic cancer. However, there is concern that this procedure may spread tumor cells along the needle track or within the peritoneum. We aimed to estimate the effect of preoperative EUS-FNA on the risk of peritoneal recurrence and long-term outcomes in resected pancreatic cancer.

Predictors of Malignancy in "Pure" Branch-Duct Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas without Enhancing Mural Nodules on CT Imaging: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Background/aims: Presence of enhanced mural nodules, which can be visualized using computed tomography (CT), is one of high-risk stigmata in branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs). Conversely, the absence of enhanced mural nodules on preoperative imaging does not exclude malignant risk. The present study aimed to investigate other morphological features as predictors of malignancy in "pure" BD-IPMNs without enhanced mural nodules on CT.

Efficacy of EUS-guided and ERCP-guided biliary drainage for malignant biliary obstruction: prospective randomized controlled study.

Background And Aims: ERCP-guided biliary drainage (ERCP-BD) is a criterion standard treatment for malignant biliary obstruction when curative surgery is not an option. Alternative methods such as percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage would significantly lower the quality of life. EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has been developed and performed by experienced endoscopists.

[Trend in the Eradication Rates of Infection Over the Last 10 Years in West Gyeonggi-do, Korea: A Single Center Experience].

Background/aims: The eradication rate of () has been decreasing recently in Korea due to antibiotics resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the trend of eradication rate and clinical factors affecting the eradication rate of in the last 10 years in west Gyeonggi-do, Korea.

Methods: The trends of eradication rate of , gender, age, concomitant mediations, and clinical factors were retrospectively evaluated in patients with infection between 2006 and 2015 (n=2,485).

Evidence from a familial case suggests maternal inheritance of primary biliary cholangitis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an idiopathic autoimmune liver disease characterized by chronic cholestasis and destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Similar to other autoimmune diseases, the pathogenesis of PBC is considered to be a complex etiologic phenomenon involving the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Although a number of common variants associated with PBC have been reported from genome-wide association studies, a precise genetic mechanism underlying PBC has yet to be identified.

Comparison of 22-gauge standard fine needle versus core biopsy needle for endoscopic ultrasound-guided sampling of suspected pancreatic cancer: a randomized crossover trial.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is effective for tissue diagnosis of pancreatic mass. To improve diagnostic yield and drawbacks, 22-gauge (G) core biopsy (FNB) needle has been developed. This study aims to compare 22G FNA and FNB needles for EUS-guided sampling of suspected pancreatic cancer.

Postoperative changes of liver enzymes can distinguish between biliary stricture and graft rejection after living donor liver transplantation: A longitudinal study.

There is no known useful clinical parameter that can specifically predict a biliary stricture and differentiate it from other related complications after living donor liver transplantations (LDLT). The aims of this study were to determine whether the changes of liver enzymes can predict postoperative biliary stricture apart from other complications. We reviewed the medical records of 203 patients who underwent LDLT with duct to duct anastomosis from 2008 to 2010.

22G versus 25G biopsy needles for EUS-guided tissue sampling of solid pancreatic masses: a randomized controlled study.

Background/objectives: No comparative study of 22-gauge biopsy needles (PC22) and 25-gauge biopsy needles (PC25) has been conducted. We prospectively compared the diagnostic accuracy of PC22 and PC25 in patients with pancreatic and peripancreatic solid masses.

Methods: We conducted a randomized noninferiority clinical study from January 2013 to May 2014 at Samsung Medical Center.

Clinical Approach to Incidental Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasm in Outpatient Clinics.

Cystic lesions of the pancreas are increasingly observed due to increased use of abdominal images. The malignant rate of pancreas cystic lesion varies widely between various types. Identification of malignant or high-risk lesions is important when determining the appropriate course of management.

Epigastric symptoms of gallbladder dyskinesia mistaken for functional dyspepsia: Retrospective observational study.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a constellation of epigastric symptoms originating in the gastroduodenal region without organic and metabolic cause. However, similar confounding symptoms can also appear in patients with gallbladder (GB) dyskinesia. Therefore, symptoms of GB dyskinesia may be mistaken for FD.

The Combination of Cyst Fluid Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Cytology and Viscosity Increases the Diagnostic Accuracy of Mucinous Pancreatic Cysts.

Background/aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the value of cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in combination with cytology and viscosity for the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cysts.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our data for patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and cyst fluid analysis. We investigated the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the combination of cyst fluid CEA, cytology and viscosity testing.

Development of a scoring system for differentiating IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis from primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Background: Recent research has shown that a substantial number of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) can also have elevated serum/tissue IgG4. The aim of our study was to develop a simple scoring system for the discrimination of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangits (IgG4-SC) from PSC.

Methods: Patients with IgG4-SC (n = 39) and PSC (n = 76) who had intrahepatic/hilar strictures were included.

SpyGlass cholangioscopy-assisted guidewire placement for post-LDLT biliary strictures: a case series.

Background And Aims: Anastomotic biliary strictures are common in patients that undergo living donor liver transplantation. Although endoscopic management has the advantage over percutaneous approaches, the initial success rate for the endoscopic management is unsatisfactory. The SpyGlass system can be a useful device in patients with a severe anastomotic stricture.

Endoscopic Findings of Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma Type II: A Case Series.

Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare extranodal T-cell lymphoma arising from the intestine. Two types of EATL have been reported. In contrast to the classic EATL type I, EATL type II occurs sporadically, is unrelated to celiac disease, and comprises 10% to 20% of all EATL cases.

Behavior of Small, Asymptomatic, Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (NF-PNETs).

Small nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNETs) usually exhibit minimal or no growth over many years. However, there is a controversy regarding the optimal management of incidentally discovered, small NF-PNETs. This study aimed to gain insights into tumor behavior and potential strategies for clinical management.

Novel flower-type covered metal stent to prevent cholecystitis: experimental study in a pig model.

Background: Covered self-expandable metal stent (CSEMS) has the risk of obstruction of the cystic duct, and the main and branch pancreatic ducts due to strong radial force and covering material, which results in cholecystitis and pancreatitis. A flower-type covered self-expandable metal stent (F-CSEMS) having a five-petal-shaped design with side grooves was constructed to prevent the obstruction of the cystic duct orifice. This study investigated the value of the F-CSEMS in protection for cholecystitis in a pig model.

Comparison of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with papillary biopsy and endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic biopsy in the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis.

Background: International consensus diagnostic criteria (ICDC) have been proposed for the diagnostic criteria and algorithm of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Although endoscopy is important in the diagnosis of AIP, practical patterns of its usage vary considerably worldwide. This study aimed to compare endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with papillary biopsy and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided pancreatic biopsy for diagnosing AIP using ICDC.

Is colonoscopy necessary after computed tomography diagnosis of acute diverticulitis?

Background/aims: A diagnosis of acute diverticulitis is based on computed tomography (CT). Colonoscopy is commonly performed after the acute event to exclude other diagnoses. This study aimed to determine whether colonoscopy is necessary and what additional information is gained from a colonoscopy after acute diverticulitis.

Role of SpyGlass peroral cholangioscopy in the evaluation of indeterminate biliary lesions.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of indeterminate biliary lesions is essential for treatment planning. The currently available techniques have some limitations in evaluating indeterminate biliary lesions. SpyGlass single-operator peroral cholangioscopy system has been developed to overcome these limitations.

Capsaicin impairs proliferation of neural progenitor cells and hippocampal neurogenesis in young mice.

Capsaicin (N-vanillyl-8-methyl-1-nonenamide) is a major pungent ingredient in hot peppers and induces apoptosis in malignant carcinoma cell lines. However, the adverse effects of capsaicin on neuronal development have not been fully explored. The aim of this study was to determine whether capsaicin affected murine-derived cerebellar multi-potent neural progenitor cells (NPC) or adult hippocampal neurogenesis in vivo.