Assessment of elimination efficacy on foodborne pathogenic microbes and foulant precipitates using phytic acid and sulfamic acid.

This research investigated the comparative efficacy of sulfamic acid (SA) and phytic acid (PA), both individually and in combination, for treating potential foodborne pathogens and pre-formed foulants. Pathogens studied included Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli DH5α, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and vegetative Bacillus cereus, in suspended aqueous solutions, as well as Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm on quartz glass surfaces.

Exploring Loneliness among Korean Adults: A Concept Mapping Approach.

In South Korea, the proportion of adults experiencing severe loneliness has been increasing rapidly. Accordingly, this study examines the elements of loneliness experienced by Korean adults and investigates their structural relevance using concept mapping. Korean adults (47) were recruited for individual in-depth interviews based on their scores on the UCLA Loneliness Scale.

Analysis of lithotripsy efficiency and stone retropulsion displacement according to pulse characteristics of Ho: YAG laser with Moses effect.

Background And Objectives: Compared to the conventional Ho: YAG laser, a Ho: YAG laser device has been reported that has a Moses effect to reduce stone retropulsion and increase lithotripsy efficiency. The principle of this equipment is to convert a single laser pulse into two pulses. Most studies on such lasers are limited to lithotripsy efficiency and the prevention of stone retropulsion; studies according to each pulse condition have not been performed.

Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety Using Low Dose Radiation Therapy with Alzheimer's Disease: A Protocol for Multicenter Phase II Clinical Trial.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from extracellular and intracellular deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Although many clinical studies evaluating pharmacological approaches have been conducted, most have shown disappointing results; thus, innovative strategies other than drugs have been actively attempted.

Objective: This study aims to explore low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) for the treatment of patients with AD based on preclinical evidence, case reports, and a small pilot trial in humans.

The effects of low-dose radiation therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's dementia: an interim analysis of a pilot study.

Purpose: We aimed to determine whether low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) is effective in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD).

Materials And Methods: We included patients according to the following criteria: probable Alzheimer's dementia according to the New Diagnostic Criteria for Alzheimer's Disease; confirmation of amyloid plaque deposits on baseline amyloid positron emission tomography (PET); a Korean Mini-Mental State Examination 2nd edition (K-MMSE-2) score of 13-26; and a Global Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score of 0.5-2 points.

Effect of fermentation on antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti- adhesion activity of var. root bark.

The limited yield of var. root bark (URB) extract is considered an economic loss to the food industry. Improving extraction yield and bioactivity through fermentation increase the industrial usage of URB.

An in vitro whole-cell electrophysiology dataset of human cortical neurons.

Background: Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology is an essential technique for understanding how single neurons translate their diverse inputs into a functional output. The relative inaccessibility of live human cortical neurons for experimental manipulation has made it difficult to determine the unique features of how human cortical neurons differ from their counterparts in other species.

Findings: We present a curated repository of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from surgically resected human cortical tissue, encompassing 118 neurons from 35 individuals (age range, 21-59 years; 17 male, 18 female).

Cryopreservation of Roughscale Sole () Sperm: Effects of Cryoprotectant, Diluent, Dilution Ratio, and Thawing Temperature.

The roughscale sole, is categorized as an endangered species. Sperm freezing is essential for preserving gametes. This study examined the CPA concentration, diluent, dilution ratio, and thawing temperature to design a sperm cryopreservation protocol for roughscale sole.

Fused toes homolog, a potential molecular regulator of human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins in cervical cancer.

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) plays a major role in the development of cervical cancer. The oncogenic potential of HPV16 is attributed to E6 and E7 oncoproteins. Here, we investigated the relationship between fused toes homolog (FTS) and HPV16 E6 and E7 in cervical cancer cells.

High-Attenuation Backing Layer for Miniaturized Ultrasound Imaging Transducer.

Current miniaturized ultrasound transducers suffer from insufficient attenuation from the backing layer due to their limited thickness. The thickness of the backing layer is one of the critical factors determining the device size and transducer performance for miniaturized transducers inserted and operated in a limited space. Glass bubbles, polyamide resin, and tungsten powder are combined to form a new highly attenuative backing material.

Development of a Minimally Invasive and Non-invasive Lipolysis Laser System for Effective Fat Reduction.

Obesity is a global problem because it causes various complications. Methods for reducing fat for healthy life are being studied. In this study, we developed a minimally invasive and non-invasive lipolysis laser system for effective fat reduction.

Virtual randomized study comparing lobectomy and particle beam therapy for clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer in operable patients.

To the best of our knowledge there have been no randomized controlled trials comparing lobectomy-a standard treatment for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-and particle beam therapy (PBT), the best performing existing radiotherapy. We conducted a virtual randomized trial in medically operable patients with stage IA NSCLC to compare lobectomy and PBT effectiveness. A Markov model was developed to predict life expectancy after lobectomy and PBT in a cohort of patients with stage IA NSCLC.

Modulation of Neuroinflammation by Low-Dose Radiation Therapy in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Purpose: Recently, several studies have reported that low-dose radiation therapy (RT) suppresses the release of proinflammatory cytokines in inflammatory-degenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease (AD). AD is the most common cause of dementia, and neuroinflammation is one of the major contributing factors in AD pathogenesis. Therefore, low-dose RT may be used clinically for treating AD.

Indocyanine green-loaded injectable alginate hydrogel as a marker for precision cancer surgery.

Background: Accurate identification of tumor sites and boundaries is of paramount importance during minimally invasive surgery. Although laparoscopic resection is being increasingly and widely performed for early gastric and colorectal cancers, the detection of tumors located inside the stomach and intestine is difficult owing to the lack of tactile sensation. Here, we propose the application of an indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded alginate hydrogel system as a fluorescence surgical marker for precise laparoscopic operations.

Risk stratification of symptomatic brain metastases by clinical and FDG PET parameters for selective use of prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with extensive disease of small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for developing symptomatic brain metastases and evaluate the impact of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) on brain metastasis-free survival (BMFS) and overall survival (OS) in extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC).

Materials And Methods: Among 190 patients diagnosed with ED-SCLC who underwent FDG PET/CT and brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) prior to treatment, 53 (27.9%) received PCI while 137 (72.

Xpert MTB/RIF assay for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The Xpert® MTB/RIF assay (Xpert; Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) is a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification assay for rapidly diagnosing tuberculosis and assessing antibiotic sensitivity. Although previous evidence supports the use of Xpert for diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in adults, information regarding the accuracy of Xpert for EPTB only in children is lacking. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of Xpert for detecting EPTB in children.

Simultaneous and synergistic effect of heavy metal adsorption on the enhanced photocatalytic performance of a visible-light-driven RS-TONR/TNT composite.

A hydrothermally synthesized rhodium/antimony co-doped TiO nanorod and titanate nanotube (RS-TONR/TNT) composite was prepared for removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants from water under visible light irradiation. The composite provides the dual function of simultaneous adsorption of heavy metal ions and enhanced degradation of dissolved organic compounds. Acid treatment transformed titanate nanotubes to irregular tubular structures distributed homogeneously over untransformed RS/TONRs.

Total Bilirubin Is Associated with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can cause microscopic mucosal inflammation and oxidative damage. Bilirubin is a marker of oxidant stress that is responsible for anti-oxidative activities. The objective of this research was to determine whether or not total bilirubin is associated with SIBO according to IBS subtypes.

Lobectomy versus stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for medically operable patients with stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: A virtual randomized phase III trial stratified by age.

Background: Although the choice between stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) and lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been debated for years, the two procedures have not yet been directly compared in a randomized trial. We conducted a virtual randomized phase III trial stratified by age to compare the effectiveness of lobectomy and SABR for medically operable patients with stage IA (AJCC eighth) NSCLC using the Markov model analysis.

Methods: A Markov model was developed to simulate a cohort of patients aged 45-85 years with stage IA NSCLC who had undergone either lobectomy or SABR and were followed up for their remaining lifetime.

A mechanism study on the photocatalytic inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria by CuO loaded rhodium-antimony co-doped TiO nanorods.

This study presents the first report on the photocatalytic inactivation mechanism for a Salmonella typhimurium pathogen by visible-light active CuxO loaded rhodium-antimony co-doped TiO2 nanorods (CuxO/Rh-Sb-TiO2 NRs) under visible light irradiation (cutoff filter, λ ≥ 420 nm). Remarkably higher pathogenic inactivation of 4 log within 40 min by a CuxO supported Rh-Sb-TiO2 NR photocatalyst was observed. The visible light active photocatalyst mainly produced reduced Cu+ in the lattice of CuxO by charge separation.

Feasibility of using stereotactic body radiation therapy for unresectable soft tissue tumors of the trunk.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for unresectable soft tissue tumors of the trunk.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2008, 23 patients with 36 lesions of soft tissue tumors, which were located in the trunk and not suitable for resection, underwent SBRT. Among the 36 lesions, 31 were malignant and 5 were benign.

Estimation of the medical need for carbon-ion radiotherapy in Korea.

The Korea Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator project focuses on the development of medical accelerator facilities for delivering carbon-ion beams to cancer patients. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the clinical need for carbon-ion therapy in Korea. Seven tumor sites, namely head and neck, liver, lung, colon and rectum, prostate, bone and soft tissue, and pancreas were selected as eligible sites for receiving carbon-ion radiotherapy (RT) by radiation oncologists of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences.

Feasibility of split-course stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for oligometastases.

Background: There is growing interest in the use of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for oligometastases. However, extreme caution should be exercised in treating tumors closely located to organs at risk (OARs) with SABR. To reduce complications, we have applied split-course SABR to oligometastases closely located to OARs or to those being retreated with radiotherapy.

Endoscopic non-ablative fractional laser therapy in an orthotopic colon tumour model.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Although several therapeutic management strategies are available at the early colon cancer stages, such as endoscopic mucosal or submucosal dissection, associated complications often include bleeding or bowel perforations. As an alternative approach, we investigated endoscopic non-ablative fractional laser (eNAFL) irradiation as a minimally invasive therapeutic modality for the treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver oligo-recurrence and oligo-progression from various tumors.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with liver oligo-recurrence and oligo-progression from various primary tumors.

Materials And Methods: Between 2002 and 2013, 72 patients with liver oligo-recurrence (oligo-metastasis with a controlled primary tumor) and oligo-progression (contradictory progression of a few sites of disease despite an overall tumor burden response to therapy) underwent SBRT. Of these, 9 and 8 patients with uncontrollable distant metastases and patients immediate loss to follow-up, respectively, were excluded.