The Prospect of Hydrolytic Enzymes from Species in the Biological Control of Pests and Diseases in Forest and Fruit Tree Production.

Plant diseases and insect pest damage cause tremendous losses in forestry and fruit tree production. Even though chemical pesticides have been effective in the control of plant diseases and insect pests for several decades, they are increasingly becoming undesirable due to their toxic residues that affect human life, animals, and the environment, as well as the growing challenge of pesticide resistance. In this study, we review the potential of hydrolytic enzymes from species such as chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases, proteases, lipases, amylases, and cellulases in the biological control of phytopathogens and insect pests, which could be a more sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides.

Entomopathogenic Potential of CE 100 for the Biological Control of Termite Damage in Wooden Architectural Buildings of Korean Cultural Heritage.

Biocontrol strategies are gaining tremendous attention in insect pest management, such as controlling termite damage, due to the growing awareness of the irreparable harm caused by the continuous use of synthetic pesticides. This study examines the proteolytic and chitinolytic activities of CE 100 and its termiticidal effect through cuticle degradation. The proteolytic and chitinolytic activities of CE 100 systematically increased with cell growth to the respective peaks of 68.

Utilization of bamboo as biorefinery feedstock: Co-production of xylo-oligosaccharide with succinic acid and lactic acid.

Herein, we investigated the possibility of co-producing xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs) from bamboo, as value-added products, along with succinic and lactic acids, as platform chemicals. Xylan was extracted from bamboo using the alkali method under mild conditions. From xylan, XOSs were produced by partial enzymatic hydrolysis at a conversion rate of 83.

Control of Fungal Diseases and Fruit Yield Improvement of Strawberry Using CE 100.

Due to the increasing health and environmental risks associated with the use of fungicides in agriculture, alternatives-such as using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to suppress phytopathogens-that simultaneously improve plant yield, are important. This study evaluated the biocontrol efficiency of CE100 against and the respective causal agents for charcoal rot and fusarium wilt diseases in strawberry, and its potential to enhance strawberry growth and fruit production. CE 100 produced fungal cell wall-degrading enzymes, chitinases, and β-1,3-glucanases; and inhibited the mycelial growth of and f.

Biological Control of Leaf Blight Disease Caused by and Growth Promotion of Carruth Container Seedlings Using CE 100.

Leaf blight disease caused by lead to deleterious losses in the quality of forest container seedlings. The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria provides a promising strategy to simultaneously control diseases and enhance forest seedling production. This study investigated the biocontrol of leaf blight disease and growth promotion potential of CE 100 in Carruth seedlings.

Antifungal Activity of CE 100 against Anthracnose Disease () and Growth Promotion of Walnut ( L.) Trees.

Walnut anthracnose caused by is a deleterious disease that severely affects the production of walnut ( L.). The aim of this study was to assess the antifungal and growth promotion activities of CE 100 as an alternative to chemical use in walnut production.

The Role of HS124 on the Control of Fall Webworm ( Drury) and Growth Promotion of Canadian Poplar ( Moench) at Saemangeum Reclaimed Land in Korea.

Moench forests established in Saemangeum-reclaimed land have been invaded by Drury, causing defoliation and stunted growth. This study investigated the biocontrol potential of cuticle degrading chitinase and protease secreted by HS124 against larvae. In addition, HS124 was examined for indole-3-acetic acid phytohormone production for plant growth promotion.

CE 100 Inhibits Root Rot Diseases ( spp.) and Promotes Growth of Japanese Cypress ( Endlicher) Seedlings.

Root rot diseases, caused by phytopathogenic oomycetes, spp. cause devastating losses involving forest seedlings, such as Japanese cypress ( Endlicher) in Korea. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a promising strategy to control root rot diseases and promote growth in seedlings.

Antifungal Activity of Cyclic Tetrapeptide from CE 100 against Plant Pathogen .

The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of a cyclic tetrapeptide from CE 100 against anthracnose-causing fungal pathogen . Antifungal compound produced by CE 100 was isolated and purified from ethyl acetate extract of CE 100 culture broth using octadecylsilane column chromatography. The purified compound was identified as cyclo-(prolyl-valyl-alanyl-isoleucyl) based on mass spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.

The Effect of MH48 on Control of Foliar Fungal Diseases and Growth Promotion of Seedlings in the Coastal Reclaimed Land of Korea.

This study investigated the control of foliar fungal diseases and growth promotion of seedlings in coastal reclaimed land through the use of MH48. MH48 can produce lytic enzymes chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase that can inhibit foliar pathogens by 37.4 to 50.

Isolation and characterization of metabolites from Bacillus licheniformis MH48 with antifungal activity against plant pathogens.

In this study, we isolated Bacillus licheniformis MH48 from rhizosphere soil and demonstrated that this strain shows significant antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Phytophthora capsici. Our results showed that a 50% concentration of bacterial cell-free culture filtrate of B. licheniformis MH48 shows strong activity against fungal pathogens.

Distribution of Mercury Concentrations in Tree Rings and Surface Soils Adjacent to a Phosphate Fertilizer Plant in Southern Korea.

This study aimed to determine mercury concentrations in tree rings and surface soils at distances of 4, 26 and 40 km from a fertilizer plant located in Yeosu City, Korea. Mercury concentrations in all tree rings were low prior to the establishment of the plant in 1977 and became elevated thereafter. The highest average mercury concentration in the tree rings was 11.

Hydrology, suspended sediment dynamics and nutrient loading in Lake Takkobu, a degrading lake ecosystem in Kushiro Mire, northern Japan.

Suspended sediment and nutrient loadings from agricultural watersheds have lead to habitat degradation in Lake Takkobu. To examine their relationships with land-use activities, we monitored sediment, nutrient and water discharges into the lake for a 1-year sampling period. The Takkobu River contributed the largest portion of the annual water discharge into the lake, compared with the other tributaries.